scholarly journals A Qualitative Study Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Establishing Nurse-led, Multidisciplinary Psychological Care for Trauma Patients: Experiences From Doctors and Nurses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Leng ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Zonghua Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Zhou ◽  
Jianmei Liao
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Psychological Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychologist Training ◽  
Multidisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
And Control ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract BackgroundTrauma patients are often in a state of psychological stress, experiencing helplessness, sadness, frustration, irritation, avoidance, irritability and other adverse emotions. Doctors and nurses are at the forefront of caring trauma patients and they play a crucial role in psychological supports and mental health care. However, few qualitative studies had based on the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the experiences in providing psychological care for trauma patients. We examined attitudinal, normative, and control beliefs underpinning medical staffs’ decisions to perform psychological care.MethodA qualitative study of in-depth semi-structured interviews was conducted among 14 doctors and nurses engaging in trauma care. The participants came from six tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China. Data analysis was performed using the approach of Colaizzi. According to the framework of TPB, the researchers identified and summarized the themes.ResultsImportant advantages (mutual trust, patients' adherence and recovery), disadvantages (workload, short-term ineffective, practice unconfidently), referents (supportive: managers, patients, kinsfolk, nursing culture; unsupportive: some colleagues and patients), barriers (insufficient time or energy, resources situations), and facilitators (access to psychologist, training/education, reminders) were identified. Some demands, such as training diversity, multidisciplinary cooperation and families' support, reflected by doctors and nurses were important for them to carry out psychological care.ConclusionAccording to the TPB, this article explored the internal and external promotion and hindrance factors that affecting the intentions and behaviors of doctors and nurses in implementing psychological care for trauma patients. We also focused on the experience and demands of health professionals in conducting psychological care, which could provide references for managers to formulate corresponding psychological care procedures and norms.

scholarly journals Understanding performance management in schools: a dialectical approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Page
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Dialectical Tensions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
And Control

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a dialectical framework for the examination of performance management in schools. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based upon a qualitative study of ten headteachers that involved in-depth semi-structured interviews. Findings – The findings identified four dialectical tensions that underpin performance management in schools: the responsibility to teachers and the responsibility to pupils; external accountability and professional autonomy; discipline of teachers and support of teachers; fixed processes and improvisational practices. Research limitations/implications – This paper provides a means of examining the performance management of teachers from an alternative perspective, one that embraces tensions and contradictions and gives headteachers a richer understanding of how teachers are evaluated and judged. Originality/value – This paper moves beyond the traditional perspective of performance management in schools as a means of subjugation and control and offers an original dialectical framework within which to examine the phenomenon.

scholarly journals What is Needed to Sustain Improvements in Hospital Practices Post-COVID-19? A Qualitative Study of Interprofessional Dissonance in Hospital Infection Prevention and Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn L Gilbert ◽  
Ian Kerridge
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract BackgroundHospital infection prevention and control (IPC) depends on consistent practice to achieve its purpose. Standard precautions are embedded in modern healthcare policies, but not uniformly observed by all clinicians. Well-documented differences in attitudes to IPC, between doctors and nurses, contribute to suboptimal IPC practices and persistence of preventable healthcare-associated infections. The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected healthcare professionals’ work-practices, lives and health and increased awareness and observance of IPC. Successful transition of health services to a ‘post-COVID-19’ future, will depend on sustainable integration of lessons learnt into routine practice. MethodsThe aim of this pre-COVID-19 qualitative study was to investigate factors influencing doctors’ IPC attitudes and practices, whether they differ from those of nurses and, if so, how this affects interprofessional relationships. We hypothesised that better understanding would guide new strategies to achieve more effective IPC. We interviewed 26 senior clinicians (16 doctors and 10 nurses) from a range of specialties, at a large Australian tertiary hospital. Interview transcripts were reviewed iteratively, and themes identified inductively, using reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsParticipants from both professions painted clichéd portraits of ‘typical’ doctors and nurses and recounted unflattering anecdotes of their IPC behaviours. Doctors were described as self-directed and often unaware or disdainful of IPC rules; while nurses were portrayed as slavishly following rules, ostensibly to protect patients, irrespective of risk or evidence. Many participants believed that doctors object to being reminded of IPC requirements by nurses, despite many senior doctors having limited knowledge of correct IPC practice. Overall, participants’ comments suggested that the ‘doctor-nurse game’ - described in the 1960s, to exemplify the complex power disparity between professions - is still in play, despite changes in both professions, in the interim.Conclusions The results suggest that interprofessional differences and inconsistencies constrain IPC practice improvement. IPC inconsistencies and failures can be catastrophic, but the common threat of COVID-19 has promoted focus and unity. Appropriate implementation of IPC policies should be context-specific and respect the needs and expertise of all stakeholders. We propose an ethical framework to guide interprofessional collaboration in establishing a path towards sustained improvements in IPC and bio-preparedness.

scholarly journals Exploring the career maze: An investigation of career intentions of medical graduates in Pakistan: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarrin SEEMA Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Career Intentions ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Open Access Article

Background & Objectives: Pakistan faces a number of challenges in medical education. While there is an increase in the number of medical schools across the country, there is a dearth of practicing doctors in rural areas as well as a shortage of specialists in various fields specially in surgical fields. Similarly, the number of doctors migrating overseas is also increasing due to security concerns. This requires investigation of the factors that influence career intentions of medical graduates in Pakistan. As there is no validated instrument available within Pakistani context, this qualitative study was designed to examine medical graduates’ reasons for their career intentions in light of Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: Five focus group discussions were conducted in two cities of Pakistan i.e. Karachi and Hyderabad during November – December 2012. These were then transcribed and were coded into the three primary attributes of TPB i.e. behavioral, normative and control beliefs by comparing similarities and differences. Results: The results suggest that there is a variation in the factors that influence the career intentions of the medical students. In addition a number of new themes were identified which have not been reported earlier in studies elsewhere and are specific to this region. This needs further examination by stakeholders for intervention. Conclusion: The analysis of data from the focus groups confirms the theoretical framework and identifies as a range of influencing factors, at different stages of education and practice. As the study was limited to a smaller number of graduates and all except one graduate wanted to continue practice, a larger sample may be required for the purpose of generalization of the findings reported in this study. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.465 How to cite this:Siddiqui ZS. Exploring the career maze: An investigation of career intentions of medical graduates in Pakistan: A qualitative study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1456-1460. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.465 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Experience of patients with Asthma from the role of social support in self-care: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
mohammadAli Haghighi ◽  
leila vali ◽  
reza goudarzi ◽  
mitra samare ◽  
Rahil GhorbaniNia
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Communication Network ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Therapeutic Recommendations ◽  
And Control

Abstract BackgroundAsthma is one of the biggest challenges of health systems. One of the most effective ways to control this chronic disease is self-care. Self-care can be affected by social support. This study aimed to explain the experience of patients with Asthma from the role of social support in their self-care.MethodsThis study was qualitative and phenomenological and conducted in 2019. Data collected through semi-structured interviews with 40 patients using purposive sampling. It is noteworthy that the implemented interviews were analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi method.ResultsFindings presented two main themes (patient communication network, self-care of asthmatics) and ten sub-themes. Some of the sub-themes included motivating peers as a reason for self-care, lifestyle and self-care advice, add exercise to the life plan, and therapeutic recommendations are a factor in following a treatment regimen.ConclusionsIt seems that self-care with social support and establishing a communication network between people with Asthma to transfer information and experiences and identify their needs in the management and control of this disease at the community level can be very serious.Trial registration: IR.KMU.REC.1399.357 date: 1399/6/17 (7september2020)

Topik-Topik Komunikasi Dakwah Dalam Mesej Akidah Kepada Masyarakat Orang Asli di Selangor

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Zulkefli Aini ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Don ◽  
Ahmad Irdha Mokhtar ◽  
Nur Uswah Ahmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Verbal Feedback ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Beliefs And Practice ◽  
Islamic Faith ◽  
Selection Of

One of the factors that can affect a person's behavior is a communication message. In the context of the da`wah, preachers who involved actively in da`wah communication with the Orang Asli should be able to ensure that the message conveyed can be understood by the target group. In addition, the selection of the correct messages of da`wah based on the foremost priority simplify the process of sharing information between the preachers and the Orang Asli. Accordingly, this article aims to identify specific topics of Islamic faith (akidah) submitted by the Orang Asli in the process of da`wah communication and to identify verbal feedback given by the preachers to the Orang Asli of the topics. This qualitative study using case study design and data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Interviews involving nine preachers were active in da`wah activity to the Orang Asli community in Selangor. Data were analyzed thematically according to the specified objectives. The study found that the topics frequently raised by the Orang Asli is concerned about belief in Allah, belief in Malaikat, and belief in Qada' and Qadar. The topics may be found within the framework of worldview in their beliefs and practice of ancient traditions. Therefore, the preachers gave verbal feedback on these topics is based on a clear and precise sample corresponding to the level of their thinking. The emphasis on these topics is very important to strengthen and purify the faith of the community.Keywords: Communication; Message; Preacher; Indigenous community Abstrak: Elemen mesej dalam komunikasi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memberi kesan terhadap perubahan tingkah laku seseorang. Dalam konteks dakwah, pendakwah yang terlibat dalam proses komunikasi dakwah dengan Orang Asli seharusnya berkebolehan memastikan kandungan mesej yang disampaikan boleh difahami oleh sasaran dakwahnya. Di samping itu, pemilihan mesej dakwah yang betul mengikut keutamaan memudahkan proses perkongsian maklumat antara pendakwah dengan Orang Asli. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti topik-topik tertentu dalam mesej akidah yang dikemukakan oleh masyarakat Orang Asli kepada pendakwah dan mengenalpasti maklum balas lisan yang diberikan oleh pendakwah kepada Orang Asli terhadap topik tersebut. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes dengan pengumpulan data melalui temu bual separa struktur. Temu bual melibatkan sembilan orang pendakwah yang aktif dalam aktiviti dakwah masyarakat Orang Asli di Selangor. Data kajian dianalisis secara tematik mengikut objektif yang ditentukan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa topik-topik yang sering dikemukan oleh Orang Asli kepada pendakwah dalam penyampaian mesej akidah ialah berkenaan tentang keimanan kepada Allah SWT, keimanan kepada malaikat, dan keimanan kepada qada’ dan qadar. Topik-topik berkenaan didapati berada dalam kerangka worldview kepercayaan dan amalan tradisi mereka. Sehubungan dengan itu, pendakwah memberikan maklum balas lisan terhadap topik-topik tersebut adalah berdasarkan keterangan yang jelas dan contoh yang tepat bersesuaian dengan tahap pemikiran mereka. Penekanan terhadap topik-topik tersebut merupakan perkara yang penting dalam rangka mengukuhkan dan memurnikan akidah masyarakat Orang Asli.Kata kunci: Komunikasi; Mesej; Pendakwah; Komuniti Orang Asli

Eliciting salient beliefs of engineers in Malaysia on migrating abroad

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Balu Ramoo ◽  
Chong Yee Lee ◽  
Cheng Ming Yu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Salient Beliefs ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
And Control

Despite various government efforts incorporating economic, social and political considerations in curbing emigration problem, brain drain remains an issue in Malaysia. This paper examines the determinants of migration from behavioural perspectives. Using Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model, the engineers’ salient beliefs on migrating abroad were elicited using qualitative analysis. A number of new behavioural, normative and control beliefs were identified. The elicitation of the engineers’ salient beliefs is essential in developing appropriate behavioural intervention programmes to reduce their intention to migrate abroad. The methodology developed in this study can also assist future researchers to identify the salient beliefs of people who have high intention to migrate abroad.

The effect of realistic mathematics education on student achievement in 8th grades geometric objects teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Hasan Huseyin Aksu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dependent Samples

The purpose of this study is to answer if there is a reasonable difference on academical success of students who get education with traditional and RME approach question on “Teaching geometrical objects to 8th grade students” subject. Study group consists of 47 students which contains 21 experimental and 16 control group from “Ordu Anadolu İmam Hatip High School Project School” in Altinordu, Ordu. Experimental and control group have same academical success level, as the school which this study has runned is a school which accepts students with an exam only. After the experimental and control groups were created, a 25 question pre-test was performed to understand the level of knowledge of the group regarding geometrical objects. The same test was performed on the same groups 8 weeks later as retention test. To determine opinions of the students in experimental group regarding RME and related learning activities, semi-structured interviews are conducted. The data obtained from the pretest, posttest and retention tests were analyzed with t-test for independent samples and t-test for dependent samples and variance analysis for mixed measurements with 0.05 significance level. According to the results, it is seen that learning activities prepared according to RME approach are much more effective than learning activities prepared according to the traditional approach on students’ academic success.

Diversity in teachers’ approaches to movement integration: A qualitative study of lower secondary school teachers’ perceptions of a state school reform involving daily physical activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-447
Author(s):  
Henrik Taarsted Jørgensen ◽  
Sine Agergaard ◽  
Michalis Stylianou ◽  
Jens Troelsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
School Reform ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Physical Activity Policy ◽  
Danish School ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Movement Integration

In the context of implementing a physical activity policy as part of a national school reform in Denmark, the purpose of this study was to explore lower secondary teachers’ interpretations and perceptions of the physical activity policy with a focus on movement integration. In total, 14 teachers from four different schools were selected to take part in this qualitative study, which involved semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews, go-along observations and informal interviews. A thematic analysis framework was employed to identify and describe patterns of meaning within data. The findings showed substantial diversity among teachers’ interpretations and perceptions of movement integration, and consequently a lack of definitional clarity regarding movement integration and a possible misalignment between policy and practice. Teachers’ perceptions and interpretations of movement integration were influenced by other and more prioritised policies and discourses regarding academic achievement, as well as by intrapersonal, interpersonal and institutional factors. The findings also suggested a lack of support and collaboration within the school and provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses associated with the autonomy afforded in the Danish school reform.

Transition from Childcare Institutions to Adulthood for Youth: Through the Lens of Identity and Gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 234930032098055
Author(s):  
Garima Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

This article explores the transition of youth from childcare institutions as young adults through the lens of youth identity and gender. The research revolves around rethinking the delicate boundaries of adolescence and adulthood for the ‘institutionalised’ youth that is already on the edge of the society. This research tries to understand and decode the experiences of youth, who have lived in the childcare institutions. The childcare institutions reinforce the gender roles through its practices and structure, enabling gaps and challenges for both male and female youth outside the childcare institutions. There is an absence of a strong mechanism, enabling the smooth transition of youth from childcare institutions to adulthood. This results in unprepared young adults for an unplanned transition, fostering several challenges on them as they exit the childcare system. This is a qualitative study. The research includes both male and female youth who have lived in childcare institutions situated in Delhi. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with the youth. This study finds that youth leaving the childcare institutions are at higher risks of having negative adult outcomes in life. While there is an absolute absence of any body or mechanism to help the youth transit smoothly, childcare institutions reinforce the inferiority and exclusion on a child during the stay period, creating a foundation for youth to perceive the social factor outside the institutions.

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