scholarly journals Modelling Outpatients Cost of Wound Dressing in Nigeria: A Prospective Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolawole Damilare Ogundeji
Keyword(s):  
Direct Cost ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
South West

Abstract Background: Estimating the direct cost of wound dressing poses a challenge to patients, nurse managers, hospital administrators, health maintenance organisations and other policy makers. This study therefore model the weekly cost of wound dressing in South West NigeriaMethods: A descriptive cross sectional research design was utilized to assess the cost of wound dressing among outpatients’ clinics attendees. An inventory of direct cost of wound dressing per week consisting of cost of materials, lotion and consumables were recorded. The data collection was for period of three months in three selected Teaching Hospitals South West Nigeria. Then modelling weekly cost of wound types was done by regression analysis. The effect of various independent variables such as age, occupation, family size, monthly income, aetiology, diagnosis, wound type, comorbidities, frequency of wound dressing and health insurance coverage on cost of wound dressing per week was considered. Ethical approval was obtained from each of the hospital and Covid-19 precautions were observed.1 USD equalled ₦570Results: The estimated cost of wound dressing per week with no contribution from other variables was found to be ₦36,922- Open wound, ₦6011-Leg ulcer, ₦3768- Cancer wound, ₦2785- Diabetic Foot Ulcer, ₦610-Surgical wound. Only frequency of wound dressing was found to contribute to weekly cost of leg ulcers (P value= 0.003)Conclusions: The estimated cost of various type of wound provides yardstick for determining the weekly cost of wound dressing in Nigeria. Also, frequency of wound dressing is a major determinant of the outpatient cost of dressing. Therefore, it is imperative for nurses to render high quality wound care to match up with the huge financial commitment from patients and families

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE INITIAL WOUND WITH THE WOUNDS LONG TREATMENT IN DIABETICUM PATIENTS AT CIBINONG HOSPITAL BOGOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Ranti Ranti
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
P Value ◽  
Early Wound

According to the survey data of American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2014, the global prevalence rate of DM patients in 2014 was 8,3% out of total population of the world, and it has increased to 387 cases in 2014. Sulistyowati, D. A. stated that in 2015 for the prevalence of the patients suffering from diabetic foot ulcer was 15% with the risk of amputation of 30%, mortality rate of 32%, and in Indonesia, diabetic foot ulcer is the disease whose probability to be hospitalized is 80%. This research aims at finding out the relation between the early wound stage and the length of wound care towards the patients of ulcus diabeticum at Cibinong General hospital in 2018. This study is a quantitative analytic research with the approach of cross sectional. The population of this research is 40 respondents, and the research sample is 40 respondents by taking the technique of Total Sampling. The data collection is derived from the observation sheet. Based on the research findings, it is known that 14 respondents (77.8%) who suffered from the stage I-II wound needed 3-5 day treatment. Moreover, 19 respondents (86,4%) who suffered from stage III-IV wound needed 6-8 day treatment. The result of statistical test by taking cremer von mises test derived the value p=0,000 meaning that p value <0,05 signifies Ha received. This indicates that there is a significant relation between the early wound stage and the length of wound care towards the patients of ulcus diabeticum. Result analysis also obtains the value OR of 22.167 meaning that the wound stage III-IV will have the possibility of influencing the length of wound care of 22.167 times compared to the stage I-II. There is a relation between the early wound stage and the length of wound care towards the patients of ulcus diabeticum at Cibinong General Hospital. This research finding is expected to be a recommendation for the patients suffering from ulcus diabeticum, particularly those who suffer from stage III-IV with a long wound care.

Correlation of HDL cholesterol serum and Wagner’s severity level of diabetic foot ulcers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Kartono ◽  
Muhammad Nuralim Mallapasi ◽  
Mulawardi Mulawardi ◽  
Sachraswaty R. Laidding ◽  
Meiliati Aminyoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
Before And After

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the leading causes of amputation in non-traumatic patients. This research aimed to investigate the correlation between the level of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification. The study conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.Methods: This is an observational study with the cross-sectional design. The data collected before and after the treatment. The change of the levels of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of the diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification during the treatment were analyzed. Data analyzed using Spearman Correlation test, the paired t-test to assess the change in the levels of HDL cholesterol and the levels of severity of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification at the time admission and after the treatment.  ANOVA test was used to observe the reduction significance of the severity of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification, and it was categorized as significant if p<0.05.Results: The results indicated that there is a correlation between the level of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification either at the early treatment with p-value = 0.003 (r = - 0.448) and the end of the treatment with p-value = 0.001(r = - 0.477).  The lower of the level of cholesterol HDL, the higher was the severity level of the diabetic foot ulcer. Meanwhile, the correlation between the increase of the level of HDL cholesterol and the reduction of Wagner classification during the treatment was statistically insignificant with p-value = 0.100 (r = - 0.215).Conclusions: there was a correlation between elevated HDL cholesterol levels during treatment with Wagner classification decrease during treatment, the higher the HDL change, the higher the Wagner classification, but this was weak correlation and statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Autolytic and Conservative Sharp Wound Debridement for Granulation Tissue on Unstageable Diabetic Foot Ulcer

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Ratna Aryani (Corresponding author) ◽  
Uun Nurulhuda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
T Test ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Group Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Wound Debridement

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a condition of deep tissue damage associated with Diabetes Mellitus in the lower extremities. Conducted with quantitative research of single group method with pre and post test design approach, this research primarily aims to know the effectiveness of utilizing combination of Autolysis & Conservative Sharp Wound Debridement in preparing granulation on unstageable DFU. It involved 30 respondents in the wound care clinic as the research sample and used the Wound Bed Score observation sheets measured on days 1, 7 and 28. The data analysis to determine effectiveness before and after intervention was carried out using dependent t-test (paired t-test), whilst to test effectiveness of giving intervention after controlled confounder was performed by linear regression. Based on the characteristics of the respondent’s, it is revealed that most of them were female (83.3%) and have normal BMI (80%). The average age of the respondents were 55.43 years old with the duration of DM of 13.27 years with average blood sugar of 101.2 mg/dL. The highest mean difference was on the 1st day of the 28th. The statistical results of this study indicated that the mean difference values for day 1 and 7 were 0.133 (SD 1.19, p value = 0.546), mean difference of day 7 and day 28th grade was of 2.5 (SD 1.306, p value=0.0001) and mean difference between day 1 and day 28 was of 2.63 (SD 1.273, p value=0.0001). This research recommends that the further research use different research methods.

scholarly journals KEJADIAN DERAJAT LUKA DIABETES TIDAK BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN NILAI RISIKO DIABETIC FOOT ULCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Risma Anggraeni Yuliastuti ◽  
Megah Andriany ◽  
Eka Putri Y.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Risk Levels

The highest diabetic complication percentage is neuropathy (54%) causing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). The study aimed to know the relationship between diabetic foot ulcer risk levels with diabetic ulcer severity levels. Scope of the study was diabetic wound care, particularly on legs mostly experienced by diabetic patients. The method used was descriptive correlation with cross sectional design. Sampling method was non probability with purposive sampling. Respondent number was 16 persons with inclusion criteria was diabetic patients with ulcer in one leg and no ulcer on another side in the second visitation to a diabetic clinic in Bekasi,Indonesia and agreed to be involved in the study. DFU risk level instrument modified from Diabetes Foot Screening and Risk Stratification Form of New Zealand Society for Study of Diabetes (NZSSD) to measure the DFU degree on legs with no ulcer. Another tool was to measure severity level of legs with ulcer according to Wagner. Data analysis used Kendall’s tau with 0.05 of significance level. The result shows there is no relationship between DFU risk levels with severity degree of diabetic ulcers. From the study, we can conclude that nurses do not need provide specific DFU prevention based on diabetic ulcer severity grade. 

scholarly journals Patients’ awareness and extent of self-reported foot care practices in diabetes population

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Mohammed Assen Seid ◽  
Eden Zenebe Worku ◽  
Habtamu Bulbula Mideksa
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Diabetes Patients

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication of diabetes which results lower extremity amputation. Proper preventative measures, appropriate foot self-care and management of foot ulcer will reduce, delay or prevent the incidence of infection, gangrene, and amputation. This study was intended to assess diabetes patients’ awareness and extent of foot care practice at University of Gondar referral Hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2018. A total of 372 diabetes patients were included in this study. Data were collected through face to face interview using structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted. A p value &lt;0.05 was consisdered statitisticaly significant.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of all participants more than half 197 (53%) were male. The age range of participants was 18-90 years. Majority, 65.6 % (with 95% CI 60.8-70.2) of diabetes patients had good foot self-care practice. Poor foot self-care practice was significantly associated with having poor level of awareness about foot care (AOR 12.55, 95% CI, 6.49- 24.28) and having no previous information about foot ulcer (AOR 7.03, 95% CI, 2.11-23.46).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Generally, in this hospital most of the study participants had good awareness and practices towards foot self-care. However, selectively majority of patients had poor foot self-care practice regarding; drying of their feet after every wash, change the socks/stockings/ used regularly, and avoid wearing of slippers with no fastening. Foot self-care practices were positively associated with having good awareness about foot care and having previous information about foot ulcer.</p>

Efektivitas pencucian luka menggunakan daun jambu biji terhadap tingkat malodor klien luka kaki diabetik

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Adi Antoni ◽  
Yanna Wari Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
Guava Leaf ◽  
Numeric Rating

Abstrak   Latar belakang: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronik dan menjadi masalah global. Salah satu komplikasi yang ditimbulkan dari DM adalah luka kaki diabetic. Langkah awal dalam perawatan luka kaki diabetic adalah mencuci luka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keefektifan dari rebusan daun jambu biji sebagai cairan pencuci luka terhadap tingkat malodor pada luka kaki diabetic. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy experiment dengan rancangan one group pretests-posttest only. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 16 orang. Kriteria sampel yang digunakan adalah klien luka kaki diabetic, tingkat malodor 1-10 dengan NRS. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji paired t test. Hasil: tingkat malodor sebelum intervensi pencucuan luka menggunakan rebusan daun jambu biji rata-rata sebesar 4.40 dan sesudah intervensi sebesart 2.44 dengan p value < 0.001. Selisih tingkat malodor antara sebelum dan sesudah intervensi sebesar 1.96. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daun jambu dapat digunakan sebagai cairan pencuci luka dalam mengatasi tingkat malodor pada luka kaki diabetik. Kesimpulan : daun jambu biji dapat digunakan sebagai cairan pencuci luka pada luka kaki diabetic. Perawat diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan daun jambu biji sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam pencucian luka kronik khususnya luka kaki diabetik.   Kata kunci: Daun Jambu Biji, Tingkat Malodor, Luka Kaki Diabetik   Abstract   Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a global problem. One of the complications that arise from DM is diabetic foot ulcer. The first step in treating diabetic foot ulcer is washing the wound. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of guava leaf decoction as a washing fluid for malodor levels in diabetic foot ulcer. Method: The research design used was quasy experiment with one group pretests-posttest only design. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling with a sample of 16 people. Sample criteria used were diabetic foot ulcer clients, malodor level 1-10 with NRS. The measuring instrument used is the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Analysis of the data used in this study used paired t test. Results: the level of malodor before intervening in wound washing using guava leaf decoctions on average was 4.40 and after the intervention was 2.44 with p value <0.001. The difference in the level of malodor between before and after the intervention was 1.96. The results of this study indicate that guava leaves can be used as a washing fluid in dealing with malodor levels in diabetic foot ulcer. Conclusion: Guava leaves can be used as a washing fluid for diabetic foot wounds. Nurses are expected to be able to use guava leaves as an alternative in washing chronic wounds, especially diabetic foot injuries.   Key words: Guava Leaf, Malodor Level, Diabetic foot ulcer.

Short Report: The Moisture Balance with Aloe Vera Gel in Diabetic Wound Healing

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Fahrianto Selamet ◽  
Andi Mayasari Usman ◽  
Rian Adi Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Moisture Balance ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetic foot ulcer (DF) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which impact on the morbidity, mortality and quality of patients’ lives.Of those patients with diabetes mellitus, approximately 15% to 25% developed to the foot ulcer. Beside has the infection and debridement of devitalized tissue downloading; the moisture imbalance becomes the factors of recalcitrant to healing. Moist wound healing is often contraindicated to the non-healable wounds. While wound care involves the debridement, bacterial reduction, and moisture balance in order to achieve the good granulation of the tissue development and adequate blood supply.

Clinical Utility of the Ankle-Brachial Index and Toe Brachial Index in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutasem Ababneh ◽  
Mousab Y. Al Ayed ◽  
Asirvatham A. Robert ◽  
Mohamed A. Al Dawish
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Toe Brachial Index

Background: This cross sectional study investigated the clinical use of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and toe brachial index (TBI) in 91 type 2 diabetic foot ulcer patients who visited the diabetic foot clinic, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia during July 2017 and January 2018. Materials and Methods: The ABI and TBI facilitated the detection of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the patients’ medical records were used to collect the clinical and demographic variables. The variables of duration (p = 0.047) and treatment (p = 0.046) of the ABI showed significant differences. Age (p = 0.034) and duration (p = 0.001) were the factors related to the diagnosis of TBI by the “χ2” test. Results: From the TBI, 26.4% of the patients were found to have PAD, while the ABI showed that 21.8% of patients had the condition. However, no statistical significance was noted. From the regression analysis, the variable duration of diabetes (≥ 20 years of age) was recognized as an independent risk factor for TBI. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is recommended both the ABI and TBI to be used as screening tests for PAD in diabetic foot ulcer patients.

A walking bout reveals altered foot thermodynamics associated with unilateral transtibial amputation among individuals with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 030936462096864
Author(s):  
Kyle R Leister ◽  
Shane R Wurdeman
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Peak Temperature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Transtibial Amputation

Background: Increased foot temperature among individuals with type 2 diabetes can be predictive of diabetic foot ulcer development. A combination of physiological and mechanical deficiencies may contribute to elevations in intact foot temperature during gait for individuals with type 2 diabetes and transtibial amputation. Objective: This study evaluated plantar foot temperature differences between individuals with type 2 diabetes with and without transtibial amputation. We hypothesized that individuals with transtibial amputation maintain increased foot temperature compared to those without amputation. Study Design: Cross-sectional, case control. Methods: A sample of 16 participants with type 2 diabetes and transtibial amputation, and 16 age- and sex-matched participants with type 2 diabetes without amputation were recruited. Foot temperatures were measured during resting, walking, and cooldown periods. Peak temperature, mean temperature, and rate of temperature change were analyzed for each period, and compared between cohorts. Results: Participants with amputation exhibited increased mean foot temperature while at rest and during walking. Participants without amputation exhibited increased rate of change of foot temperature during walking. No differences in peak temperature or rate of temperature change were observed during the baseline or cooldown periods. Conclusion: The current findings of altered foot temperature for individuals with transtibial amputation and type 2 diabetes suggest a possible reason for the high rates of contralateral limb ulceration and amputation among this population.

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