scholarly journals Assessment of Multiple Water-Related Hazards under Changing Climate in An Urbanized Sub-Region of Yom River Basin, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilas Nitivattananon ◽  
Sutinee Chao-amonphat ◽  
Jinliang Huang
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
Hazard Reduction ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Abstract In the Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand, water-related hazards, particularly river floods, flash floods and droughts, are increasingly causing damages to the local society, economy and environment due to changing climate and urbanization. As its impact, identification of key factors influencing the occurrence and severity of multiple water-related hazards at different temporal and spatial scales is therefore essential to further development of solutions for hazard reduction. The study identified through the analytic hierarchy process several key influence factors to water-related hazards, including precipitation, discharges, natural and green surface areas, and water storage, in the Upper Chao Phraya River basin, Thailand. These factors were then used for the assessments of individual and multiple hazards, as well as potential interventions for hazard reduction. A combination of several research methods was adopted for the hazard assessments, including simulation modelling, multi-criteria decision analysis, and spatial analysis based on both primary and secondary data sources. Eventually, spatial distribution of hazard levels at regional and local scales was mapped out to inform water-related multiple hazards and the potential of selected nature-based solutions to such hazards based on the data of specific years. It was found that increasing vegetation areas and having nature-based reservoirs can effectively improve water management in both wet and dry seasons, contributing to hazard reduction. It is expected that the assessments performed in this study can contribute to awareness-raising of water-related hazards and eventually enhance the preparedness of risk management in the studied areas.

scholarly journals A Traditional Community in the Chao Phraya River Basin II: Influence of Water Circulation on the Traditional Living Culture according to the Settlement Pattern

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Patiphol Yodsurang ◽  
Uekita Yasufumi
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Fishing Villages ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Chao Phraya River

<p class="1Body">The remaining traditional waterfront community in the Chao Phraya River Basin demonstrates human adaptability towards modern conditions. Everyday practice in the traditional community complex is about living in harmony with all other aspects of the system to which it belongs. However, the intensity and speed of such changes are challenging these complex urban environments in contemporary society. With high dynamicity, this important amphibious lifestyle is gradually disappearing.</p><p class="1Body">This study is based on a qualitative approach, to examine the general pattern of amphibious livelihoods from past to present, including changes and processes of adaptability to declination. Investigation was implemented by reviewing secondary data collection and oral history and collective memory by the interview method.</p><p class="1Body">The results found that water circulation patterns have exerted influence on traditional daily life over several decades: river overflows in paddy villages, irrigation network of ditches in orchard villages, brackish water circulation in estuarine agricultural villages, wetland fishery in coastal fishing villages, north-south corridor river trading in riverport towns, east-west canal network trading in canal trading villages, and surface water livelihoods in the raft community.</p>

scholarly journals Capturing transformation of flood hazard over a large River Basin under changing climate using a top-down approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 138600 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gusain ◽  
M.P. Mohanty ◽  
S. Ghosh ◽  
C. Chatterjee ◽  
S. Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Large River ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Changing Climate

Mercury Export from the Yukon River Basin and Potential Response to a Changing Climate

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (21) ◽  
pp. 9262-9267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Schuster ◽  
Robert G. Striegl ◽  
George R. Aiken ◽  
David P. Krabbenhoft ◽  
John F. Dewild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Yukon River Basin

Western white pine development in relation to biophysical characteristics across different spatial scales in the Coeur d'Alene River basin in northern Idaho, U.S.A.

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1109-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa B Jain ◽  
Russell T Graham ◽  
Penelope Morgan
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Coeur D'alene ◽  
Biophysical Factors ◽  
Western White Pine ◽  
Northern Idaho

Many studies have assessed tree development beneath canopies in forest ecosystems, but results are seldom placed within the context of broad-scale biophysical factors. Mapped landscape characteristics for three watersheds, located within the Coeur d'Alene River basin in northern Idaho, were integrated to create a spatial hierarchy reflecting biophysical factors that influence western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) development under a range of canopy openings. The hierarchy included canopy opening, landtype, geological feature, and weathering. Interactions and individual-scale contributions were identified using stepwise log–linear regression. The resulting models explained 68% of the variation for estimating western white pine basal diameter and 64% for estimating height. Interactions among spatial scales explained up to 13% of this variation and better described vegetation response than any single spatial scale. A hierarchical approach based on biophysical attributes is an excellent method for studying plant and environment interactions.

Identification of Synchronicity in Deterministic Chaotic Attractors for the Downscaling Process in the Bogotá River Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Duarte ◽  
Gerald Corzo ◽  
Germán Santos
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Chaotic Attractors ◽  
Multiple Attractors ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Non Linear

&lt;p&gt;Bogot&amp;#225;&amp;#8217;s River Basin, it&amp;#8217;s an important basin in Cundinamarca, Colombia&amp;#8217;s central region. Due to the complexity of the dynamical climatic system in tropical regions, can be difficult to predict and use the information of GCMs at the basin scale. This region is especially influenced by ENSO and non-linear climatic oscillation phenomena. Furthermore, considering that climatic processes are essentially non-linear and possibly chaotic, it may reduce the effectiveness of downscaling techniques in this region.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, we try to apply chaotic downscaling to see if we could identify synchronicity that will allow us to better predict. It was possible to identify clearly the best time aggregation that can capture at the best the maximum relations between the variables at different spatial scales. Aside this research proposes a new combination of multiple attractors. Few analyses have been made to evaluate the existence of synchronicity between two or more attractors. And less analysis has considered the chaotic behaviour in attractors derived from climatic time series at different spatial scales.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thus, we evaluate general synchronization between multiple attractors of various climate time series. The Mutual False Nearest Neighbours parameter (MFNN) is used to test the &amp;#8220;Synchronicity Level&amp;#8221; (existence of any type of synchronization) between two different attractors. Two climatic variables were selected for the analysis: Precipitation and Temperature. Likewise, two information sources are used: At the basin scale, local climatic-gauge stations with daily data and at global scale, the output of the MPI-ESM-MR model with a spatial resolution of 1.875&amp;#176;x1.875&amp;#176; for both climatic variables (1850-2005). In the downscaling process, two RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways)&amp;#160; scenarios are used, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the attractor&amp;#8217;s reconstruction, the time-delay is obtained through the&amp;#160; Autocorrelation and the Mutual Information functions. The False Nearest Neighbors method (FNN) allowed finding the embedding dimension to unfold the attractor. This information was used to identify deterministic chaos at different times (e.g. 1, 2, 3 and 5 days) and spatial scales using the Lyapunov exponents. These results were used to test the synchronicity between the various chaotic attractor&amp;#8217;s sets using the MFNN method and time-delay relations. An optimization function was used to find the attractor&amp;#8217;s distance relation that increases the synchronicity between the attractors.&amp;#160; These results provided the potential of synchronicity in chaotic attractors to improve rainfall and temperature downscaling results at aggregated daily-time steps. Knowledge of loss information related to multiple reconstructed attractors can provide a better construction of downscaling models. This is new information for the downscaling process. Furthermore, synchronicity can improve the selection of neighbours for nearest-neighbours methods looking at the behaviour of synchronized attractors. This analysis can also allow the classification of unique patterns and relationships between climatic variables at different temporal and spatial scales.&lt;/p&gt;

The Chao Phraya River Basin: water quality and anthropogenic influences

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuanchan Singkran ◽  
Pitchaya Anantawong ◽  
Naree Intharawichian ◽  
Karika Kunta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Abstract Land use influences and trends in water quality parameters were determined for the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) showed significant trends (R2 ≥ 0.5) across the year, while total phosphorus (TP) and faecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed significant trends only in the wet season. DO increased, but BOD, NO3-N, and TP decreased, from the lower section (river kilometres (rkm) 7–58 from the river mouth) through the middle section (rkm 58–143) to the upper section (rkm 143–379) of the river. Lead and mercury showed weak/no trends (R2 &lt; 0.5). Based on the river section, major land use groups were a combination of urban and built-up areas (43%) and aquaculture (21%) in the lower river basin, paddy fields (56%) and urban and built-up areas (21%) in the middle river basin, and paddy fields (44%) and other agricultural areas (34%) in the upper river basin. Most water quality and land use attributes had significantly positive or negative correlations (at P ≤ 0.05) among each other. The river was in crisis because of high FCB concentrations. Serious measures are suggested to manage FCB and relevant human activities in the river basin.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Hydrologic Validation of Three Satellite-Based Precipitation Products in the Upper Catchment of the Red River Basin, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueyuan Zhang ◽  
Yungang Li ◽  
Xuan Ji ◽  
Xian Luo ◽  
Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Red River ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Red River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Applications ◽  
Trmm 3B42

Satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) provide alternative precipitation estimates that are especially useful for sparsely gauged and ungauged basins. However, high climate variability and extreme topography pose a challenge. In such regions, rigorous validation is necessary when using SPPs for hydrological applications. We evaluated the accuracy of three recent SPPs over the upper catchment of the Red River Basin, which is a mountain gorge region of southwest China that experiences a subtropical monsoon climate. The SPPs included the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 V7 product, the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing Algorithm (CMORPH), the Bias-corrected product (CMORPH_CRT), and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) Climate Data Record (PERSIANN_CDR) products. SPPs were compared with gauge rainfall from 1998 to 2010 at multiple temporal (daily, monthly) and spatial scales (grid, basin). The TRMM 3B42 product showed the best consistency with gauge observations, followed by CMORPH_CRT, and then PERSIANN_CDR. All three SPPs performed poorly when detecting the frequency of non-rain and light rain events (<1 mm); furthermore, they tended to overestimate moderate rainfall (1–25 mm) and underestimate heavy and hard rainfall (>25 mm). GR (Génie Rural) hydrological models were used to evaluate the utility of the three SPPs for daily and monthly streamflow simulation. Under Scenario I (gauge-calibrated parameters), CMORPH_CRT presented the best consistency with observed daily (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, or NSE = 0.73) and monthly (NSE = 0.82) streamflow. Under Scenario II (individual-calibrated parameters), SPP-driven simulations yielded satisfactory performances (NSE >0.63 for daily, NSE >0.79 for monthly); among them, TRMM 3B42 and CMORPH_CRT performed better than PERSIANN_CDR. SPP-forced simulations underestimated high flow (18.1–28.0%) and overestimated low flow (18.9–49.4%). TRMM 3B42 and CMORPH_CRT show potential for use in hydrological applications over poorly gauged and inaccessible transboundary river basins of Southwest China, particularly for monthly time intervals suitable for water resource management.

scholarly journals Distributed model of hydrological and sediment transport processes in large river basins in Southeast Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 6755-6797 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zuliziana ◽  
K. Tanuma ◽  
C. Yoshimura ◽  
O. C. Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Large River ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Chao Phraya River ◽  
Large River Basins

Abstract. Soil erosion and sediment transport have been modeled at several spatial and temporal scales, yet few models have been reported for large river basins (e.g., drainage areas > 100 000 km2). In this study, we propose a process-based distributed model for assessment of sediment transport at a large basin scale. A distributed hydrological model was coupled with a process-based distributed sediment transport model describing soil erosion and sedimentary processes at hillslope units and channels. The model was tested on two large river basins: the Chao Phraya River Basin (drainage area: 160 000 km2) and the Mekong River Basin (795 000 km2). The simulation over 10 years showed good agreement with the observed suspended sediment load in both basins. The average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and average correlation coefficient (r) between the simulated and observed suspended sediment loads were 0.62 and 0.61, respectively, in the Chao Phraya River Basin except the lowland section. In the Mekong River Basin, the overall average NSE and r were 0.60 and 0.78, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that suspended sediment load is sensitive to detachability by raindrop (k) in the Chao Phraya River Basin and to soil detachability over land (Kf) in the Mekong River Basin. Overall, the results suggest that the present model can be used to understand and simulate erosion and sediment transport in large river basins.

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