scholarly journals Severe azotemia in a young breeding ram following to acute urethral obstruction by throughout  intra-luminal blood clots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Alidadi ◽  
Mohammadhossein Moradikia ◽  
Hesaam Mohammaddavoodi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Complex Case ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Subcutaneous Edema ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Right

Abstract Urethral obstruction is a very important problem in small ruminants` flocks, as it affects breeding rams and so invaluable genetic reserves of the population. A three-years-old breeding ram referred to the teaching hospital with the owner`s compliant of lack of urination in previous two days. The ram was the only one in the flock which it had unlimited access to fat-tailed ewes. The other signs consisted of anorexia, reluctance to walking and final lateral recumbency. Severe depression, anuria, dribbling of blood drops from the glans and firmness of the enlarged penis in palpation were detected in the clinical examination. But noticeably there was no local subcutaneous edema and even swelling outside of the penis as it could be usually observed in urolithiasis. It was noticeable that the animal had remarkable bleeding tendency. An obvious splashing sound was heard using stethoscope auscultation on the right flank along. Abdominal paracentesis demonstrated a blood-tinged peritoneal fluid. Ultrasonography showed a completely distended urinary bladder. The animal died because of severe obstructive azotemia. The distended urinary bladder was opened and large amounts of blood-tinged urine flashed out. The urethra was incised but no urinary stones were detected in the lumen. Otherwise, an intra-luminal blood clotting at full length was detected following to the proximal internal hemorrhage. Obviously, this complex case may be confused with urolithiasis and should be exactly differentiated. There is no available reported data concerning the entity in literature. This case report is discussing the matter.

Morphoconstitutional analysis of a series of 166 urinary stones in Western Algeria for a period of two years (2015-2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Bouzana Fatima ◽  
Sbahi Khayra ◽  
Kerroumi Slimane ◽  
Attar Abderahmane ◽  
Seghir Madjhouda Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
The Right

A stone is not only an obstacle, sometimes painful, on the urinary tract justifying an emergency urological gesture to restore their permeability. It is primarily a symptom of crystallogenic pathologies or urinary imbalances of nu-tritional origin whose recurrence is the rule if the cause has not been correctly identified. It is therefore recommended in the patient's interest; analyze the calcul or its fragments to determine its composition and structure, one and / or the other orienting towards the pathology in question. A series of 166 urinary stones were collected nearby the hospitals of western Algeria after urological intervention or spontaneous expulsion and sequential analysis of the nucleus at the surface by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. The male / female ratio was 1.78. The study of the anatomical localization of the stones showed a predominance of the high urinary tract with a rate of 76.9%. 27.3% of the stones were located in the left kidney compared to 25.7% in the right kidney. Analysis of the crystalline composition showed that calcium oxalate was predominant in 65.8% of the calculs and in 58.5% of the nuclei. In all, whewellite was present in 46.9% of cases and weddellite in 18.9%. uric acid anhydrous was the major component of 12.2% of the calculations analyzed. It was present in 23.3% of cases with predominance in subjects over 60 years. Our results show that the lithiasis of the urinary tree in western Algeria tends to evolve in the same direction as that of the industri-alized countries.

scholarly journals Who “apparently” more spends, “in reality” spends less. Spending “a little” more for the rental of the extracorporeal lithotripter can save “a lot” about the days of hospitalization for urinary stones

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Albino ◽  
Francesco Albergo
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Group Matrix ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Good Plan ◽  
The Right

Objective: The right to health (according to the Article 32 of the Italian Republic Constitution) is financially conditioned; for this reason the National Health System (NHS) has the objective of rationalize health expenditure according to the criteria of efficiency, effectiveness and economy. This paper is an example of rationalization concerning the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Materials and methods: Hospital admissions for urinary stones were taken into account. "Edotto", the database of the Puglia region has identified 23 inpatient admissions during which was performed ESWL. A single operator performed ESWLs with a Storz lithotripter, Modulith SLK. Results: The average hospital stay is conditioned by days "to wait" lithotripsy. In 2014 the hospitalization days "waiting for" lithotripsy were 100. The results were subjected to SWOT analysis and discussed with the Boston Consulting Group Matrix. Discussion: Constant availability of the lithotripter would spare 100 days of hospitalization, amounting to € 88,200.00. This waste of resources corresponds to an additional cost equal to 98.3% on the cost for the rental of the lithotripter. Instead, reducing "unnecessary" hospitalization days would get a saving of 79.3% on the rental cost. It is as if for 46 days of the lithotripter rent were paid 46 days, while for 365 days of the lithotripter rent were paid only 11.8 sessions per year. Conclusions: Rationalization of resources is not necessarily a synonym of "reduction" of resources, but of reduction of waste in the NHS. A good plan is the most important rational basis to get more resources. About the process taken into account it is seen as an investment of € 21,450.00 would keep unchanged the effectiveness of lithotripsy service but would add efficiency and economy (increase of sessions/year, increase in the active mobility, increase in orthopedic treatments) and would drastically reduce the number hospital days (a waste).

scholarly journals State Legislatures Have the Courage to Pass Antiabortion Laws and Test the Ideology of the “New” United States Supreme Court

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-150
Author(s):  
Jill Oeding
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Undue Burden ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Right

Many state legislatures are racing to pass antiabortion laws that will give the current Supreme Court the opportunity to review its stance on the alleged constitutional right to have an abortion. While the number of abortions reported to be performed annually in the United States has declined over the last decade, according to the most recent government-reported data, the number of abortions performed on an annual basis is still over 600,000 per year. Abortion has been legal in the United States since 1973, when the Supreme Court recognized a constitutional right to have an abortion prior to viability (i.e. the time when a baby could possibly live outside the mother’s womb). States currently have the right to forbid abortions after viability.  However, prior to viability, states may not place an “undue burden” in the path of a woman seeking an abortion. The recent appointments of two new Supreme Court justices, Neil Gorsich and Brett Kavanaugh, give pro-life states the best chance in decades to overrule the current abortion precedent. The question is whether these two new justices will shift the ideology of the court enough to overrule the current abortion precedent.

MANAGING NATURAL PASTURE FOR SMALL RUMINANTS: THE CASE OF ALLEY FARMING IN IKWUANO AREA OF ABIA STATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
O. O. Ekumankama
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Alley Farming ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Small Holders ◽  
The Right

Natural pasture for small ruminants must be sustained, enhanced, and where it has been diminished or destroy, restored, if animal production must contribute meaningfully to national food security. In Eastern Nigeria, farming system, such as bush fallow, are generally based on shifting cultivation. Unfortunately, agricultural lands are relatively scarce, thereby resulting to shortened fallow periods and thus, widespread diminishing and destruction of natural pasture. The urgency of managing deficient and scarce natural pasture in this environment is widely recognized. Not only is this essential for small ruminants’ feeding, but a dynamic animal sector is a key to achieving food security. The paper argues therefore, that alley farming is the right approach to managing deficient and scarce natural pasture, since it is the most promising alternative to traditional slash-and-burn shifting cultivation. Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State was used as the study area. The results show that there is a pressing need for alley farming promotion. Small holders’ access to this technology would aid in revolutionizing animal production in Nigeria. This paper advocates for policies that will incorporate alley farming into production recommendations transferred to small farmers.

Investigations and Concerns about the Fate of Transgenic DNA and Protein in Livestock

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Matovu ◽  
Ahmet Alçiçek
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
Gm Plants ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

The fate of transgenic DNA (tDNA) and protein from feed derived from Genetically Modified organisms (GMOs) in animals has been a major issue since their commercialization in 1996. Several studies have investigated the risks of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of tDNA and protein to bacteria or animal cells/tissues, but some of the reported data are controversial. Previous reports showed that tDNA fragments or proteins derived from GM plants could not be detected in tissues, fluids, or edible products from livestock. Other researchers have shown that there is a possibility of small fragments entering animal tissues, fluids and organs. This motivated us to update our knowledge about these concerns. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the probable transfer and accumulation of tDNA/proteins from transgenic feeds in animal samples (ruminant and non-ruminant) by evaluating the available experimental studies published scientifically. This study found that the tDNA/protein is not completely degraded during feed processing and digestion in Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GIT). In large ruminants (cattle), tDNA fragments/proteins were detected in GIT digesta, rumen fluid, and faeces. In small ruminants (goats), traces of tDNA/proteins were detected in GIT digesta, blood, milk, liver, kidney, heart and muscle. In pigs, they were detected in blood, spleen, liver, kidney, and GIT digesta. In poultry, traces were detected in blood, liver and GIT digesta but not in meat and eggs. Notwithstanding some studies that have shown transfer of tDNA/protein fragments in animal samples, we cannot rely on these few studies to give general evidence for transfer into tissues/fluids and organs of farm animals. However, this study clearly shows that transfer is possible. Therefore, intensive and authentic research should be conducted on GM plants before they are approved for commercial use, investigating issues such as the fate of tDNA or proteins and the effects of feeding GM feed to livestock.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy: an experimental study in male sheep

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Franz ◽  
A.M. Dadak ◽  
G. Schoffmann ◽  
J.L. Khol ◽  
W. Baumgartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Abdominal Incision ◽  
Portal Site ◽  
Catheter Implantation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Laparoscopic Assisted ◽  
Male Sheep

Aim: To describe a technique of laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy in male sheep. Experimental animals: five healthy male sheep aged approximately nine months (mean weight: 39.6 ± 1.51 kg). Laparoscopy was performed on sheep placed under general anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency. A 10-mm laparoscope was inserted through the right paramedian region between the xiphoid and preputial orifice. After creation of a capnoperitoneum, grasping forceps were inserted through the left paramedian region close to the last pair of teats. The urinary bladder was elevated using grasping forceps and exteriorized through an abdominal incision. The bladder was opened extracorporeally, lavaged, closed, and then repositioned. A pigtail balloon catheter was subsequently inserted percutaneously under laparoscopic control and removed ten days later. A repeat laparoscopy was performed at 14 days after the first procedure to assess gross pathological changes. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy was successfully performed on all sheep. In one sheep, both the ventral and dorsal bladder walls were inadvertently perforated when placing the urinary catheter. The postoperative course was favourable: all sheep had a good appetite and showed no pathological findings during physical examination. During the repeat laparoscopy, it was observed that one sheep had developed a focal adhesion of the parietal peritoneum to the bladder catheter portal site. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy with catheter implantation is shown to be feasible in male sheep. This technique may be useful for removal of uroliths in patients suffering from obstructive urolithiasis opening the urinary bladder and for performing urinary diversion.

scholarly journals Partial urethral obstruction of rabbit urinary bladder: stereological evidence that the increase in muscle content is mostly driven by changes in number, rather than size, of smooth muscle cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 210 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tais H. de Castro Sasahara ◽  
Terry M. Mayhew ◽  
Sheila C. Rahal ◽  
Emerson T. Fioretto ◽  
Júlio C. C. Balieiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Rabbit Urinary Bladder

scholarly journals Large diverticulum of the urinary bladder: A rare cause of deep vein thrombosis with consecutive pulmonary embolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Oliver Zimmermann ◽  
Jan Torzewski ◽  
Ekkehard Reichenbach-Klinke ◽  
Christine Zenk
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
Vena Femoralis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Vena Femoralis Superficialis

A 73-year-old man was admitted with progressive dyspnea; he also had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). An angio computed tomography scan showed pulmonary embolism with thrombi in both main pulmonary arteries. By duplex ultrasonography, we detected a thrombus in the right vena femoralis superficialis and vena femoralis communis. Simultaneously, we also noticed a large diverticulum on the right side of the urinary bladder and urinary stasis II of the left kidney. We consider the BPH as the trigger for a secondary diverticulum of the urinary bladder. As a result of its large dimensions, mechanical compression of the deep right pelvic veins resulted in thrombosis which finally caused the pulmonary embolism. With respect to the urinary stasis II, surgical excavation of the diverticulum with infravesical desobstruction was planned. The potentially lethal course of large diverticula may require surgery.

scholarly journals Major Trauma and Severe Burn: A Synergistic Mortality. Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-027
Author(s):  
Oriol Pujol ◽  
Jordi Selga ◽  
Jordi Serracanta ◽  
Juan Antonio Porcel ◽  
José Vicente Andrés-Peiró
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Open Fracture ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Complex Case ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
The Right

Abstract Case Presentation A 42-year-old man was transferred to our institution after a high-energy accident (an explosion). He presented second-degree burns on 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), affecting the lower hemiabdomen and the lower right limb. He also presented a supraintercondylar open fracture of the right femur (Gustilo I). The burns were treated with debridement and coverage with mesh graft, while the fracture required an early transitory transarticular external fixation with delayed definitive osteosynthesis. Our patient presented good local and systemic evolution. We can offer a eleven-month follow-up. Discussion The literature supports that the combination of trauma and burn injuries is a relatively rare pattern, which may explain the lack of knowledge and studies on this subject. This double injury has demonstrated a synergistic effect on mortality. The management of soft tissues in the coexistence of an open fracture and a burn in the same limb is a challenge. The method and timing of the treatment of the fracture directly impacts the treatment of the burn (and vice versa), and most authors tend to treat the fracture first. All of the studies reviewed emphasized the importance of the multidisciplinary approach. Conclusions We have presented a complex case combining major trauma and severe burns. Although there is a lack of studies in the literature on this subject, the papers state that this is an unusual pattern with a synergistic effect on mortality. In our experience, the management of soft tissues and the multidisciplinary approach play a central role, as it is also stated in the literature. The management of these patients is still controversial, and more studies are needed.

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