Alcohol use and misuse among school adolescents from national surveys in Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines in 2018

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-899663/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karl Peltzer ◽

Supa Pengpid

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Parental Support ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Sexual Partners ◽

Saint Lucia ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

School Truancy ◽

School Surveys ◽

Current Tobacco ◽

Current Alcohol

Abstract The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use and misuse and associated factors among adolescents in Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Data from 3,847 adolescents (mean age:14.6 years, SD = 1.7) that took part in national cross-sectional school surveys in 2018 in Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines were analysed. Students responded in a classroom setting to self-administered questions on substance use and othe variables. The results indicate that 42.7% of the students reported current alcohol use, 27.9% were ever drunk and 11.4% had trouble with alcohol use. In adjusted logistic regression analyses, compared to students from Saint Lucia, students from Saint Vincent and the Granadines had higher odds of trouble from drinking. Older age was associated with current alcohol use and ever drunk but not with trouble from drinking. Severe food insecurity and suicidal ideation were associated with trouble from alcohol use. Current tobacco use and current cannabis use were highly associated with current alcohol use, ever drunk, and trouble with alcohol use, while ever use of amphetamines was associated with ever drunk. School truancy, participation in physical fights, injury, and multiple sexual partners increased the odds, while parental support decreased the odds of current alcohol use, ever drunk, and trouble from alcohol use. In conclusion, high alcohol use and misuse has been identified calling for interventions.

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Alcohol Use and Misuse Among School-Going Adolescents in Thailand: Results of a National Survey in 2015

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16111898 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1898 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Parental Support ◽

Older Age ◽

The Past ◽

Physical Fight ◽

School Truancy ◽

Current Tobacco ◽

Current Alcohol

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of alcohol use and misuse, and to identify its associated factors among in-school adolescents in the 2015 Thailand Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). The sample included 5994 school-going adolescents (mean age 14.5 years, SD = 1.7) from Thailand that responded to the 2015 GSHS. Overall, 22.2% were current alcohol users, 24.3% had ever been drunk, 12.1% had drunk two or more alcoholic drinks in a day in the past 30 days and 10.8% had gotten into trouble because of drinking alcohol. In adjusted Poisson regression analysis, older age, psychological distress, current tobacco use, the consumption of one or more soft drinks a day, school truancy, having been in a physical fight in the past 12 months, and having been seriously injured in the past 12 months were associated with current alcohol use. Older age, psychological distress, current tobacco use and injury also increased the odds for lifetime drunkenness, having two or more drinks in a day and trouble resulting from drinking. Soft drink consumption and having been in a physical fight also increased the odds for lifetime drunkenness and having two or more drinks in a day and school truancy also increased the odds for lifetime drunkenness and trouble resulting from drinking. In addition. Parental tobacco use was associated with lifetime drunkenness and trouble resulting from drinking, cannabis use with trouble resulting from drinking, and parental support was protective from trouble resulting from drinking. There were no significant sex differences regarding any of the four alcohol use indicators. More than one in five school-going adolescents in Thailand use and misuse alcohol, and strategies to prevent alcohol misuse, including a cluster of risk behaviours, are needed.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Loneliness Among National Samples of In-School Adolescents in Four Caribbean Countries

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294120968502 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003329412096850

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Dominican Republic ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eating Fruit ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

School Truancy

Background The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of loneliness among adolescent school children in four Caribbean countries. Methods Nationally representative cross-sectional data were analysed from 9,143 adolescents (15 years=median age) that took part in the “2016 Dominican Republic, 2016 Suriname, 2017 Jamaica and 2017 Trinidad and Tobago “Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS).” Results The prevalence of loneliness was 15.3% in four Caribbean countries, ranging from 12.1% in Dominican Republic to 18.6% in Jamaica. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, female sex, having no close friends, older age, anxiety induced sleep disturbance, frequent bullying victimization (≥3 days/month), having been physically attacked, parental emotional neglect, having sustained multiple serious injuries (past year) and not eating fruit and vegetables were associated with loneliness. In addition, in sex stratified adjusted logistic regression analysis, among boys, daily exposure to passive smoking, and being from Suriname, and among girls, frequent experience of hunger, low peer support, trouble from drinking alcohol and high leisure-time sedentary behaviour (≥8 hrs/day) were associated with loneliness. Moreover, in addition to above results, in unadjusted analysis, involvement in physical fight, parents never check on homework, parental disrespect of privacy, frequent school truancy (≥3 days/month), current tobacco use, having no physical education and drinking frequently soft drinks (≥3/day) were associated with loneliness. Conclusion Almost one in six students reported loneliness and several associated factors were identified which can aid intervention strategies.

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Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior Is Associated with Psychological Distress and Substance Use among School-Going Adolescents in Five Southeast Asian Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16122091 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 2091 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Tobacco ◽

Southeast Asian Countries ◽

Current Alcohol

Sedentary behavior has been found to be associated with poorer mental health. The aim of this study was to estimate associations of sedentary behavior with psychological distress and substance use among adolescents in five Southeast Asian countries. The cross-sectional sample included 32,696 nationally representative samples of school-going adolescents (median age 14 years) from Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand and Timor-Leste. Leisure-time sedentary behavior, physical activity, psychological distress and substance use were assessed by self-report. Overall, the students engaged in <1 h (35.7%), 1–2 h (31.6%), 3–4 h (18.2%), 5–6 h (7.2%), and 7 or more hours (7.2%) of sedentary time a day. The prevalence of psychological distress was 14.6% single and 8.6% multiple psychological distress, and the prevalence of current tobacco use was 13.9% and current alcohol use 12.5%. In fully adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, compared to students who spent less than one hour a day engaged in sedentary leisure time, students who spent three or more hours engaged in leisure-time sedentary behavior were more likely to have single and multiple psychological distress. In fully adjusted logistic regression analysis, five or more hours of leisure-time sedentary behavior was associated with current tobacco use and one or more hours of leisure-time sedentary behavior with current alcohol use. Findings suggest an association of leisure-time sedentary behavior with psychological distress and with substance use in this adolescent population.

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Suicidal Ideation, Plans and Attempts: Prevalence and Associated Factors in School-Going Adolescents in Sierra Leone in 2017

10.20944/preprints202011.0449.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Supa Pengpid ◽

Karl Peltzer

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sierra Leone ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

School Attendance ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression

Background: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation, plans and attempts among middle school students in Sierra Leone. Method: Data from 2,798 adolescents (15 years of median age) that responded to the cross-sectional “2017 Sierra Leone Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)” were analysed. Results: The prevalence of past 12-month suicidal ideation was 14.2%, suicide plans 16.0%, and suicide attempts 19.1%. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, worry-induced sleep disturbance (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR: 1.84, 95% Confidence Interval-CI: 1.32-2.57), bullied (AOR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.77-4.74), trouble from alcohol use (AOR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.03-3.50), and leisure-time sedentary behaviour (AOR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.18-4.98) were associated with suicidal ideation. Bullied (AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.46-3.95) and current cannabis use (AOR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.51-4.09) were associated with suicide plans in the past 12 months. No close friends (AOR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.46-4.72) loneliness (AOR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.08-2.66), bullied (AOR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.66-3.28), trouble from alcohol use (AOR: 4.01, 95% CI: 2.25-7.13) and current cannabis use (AOR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.37-6.25) were positively and school attendance (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.92) negatively associated with suicide attempts in the past 12 months. Conclusion: Almost one in five students had made suicide attempts in the past 12 months and several associated variables were discovered that can assist in designing interventions.

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Health Risk behaviours Among Adolescents in Argentina: Trends Between 2007, 2012 and 2018 National Cross-Sectional School Surveys

10.21203/rs.3.rs-800368/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karl Peltzer ◽

Supa Pengpid

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Risk ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Risk Behaviours ◽

Bullying Victimisation ◽

School Surveys ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to assess trends of various health risk behaviours among adolescents across three different surveys in Argentina. Methods Data from 115,697 adolescents (mean age:14.6 years, SD = 1.2) that participated in three cross-sectional national school surveys in 2007, 2012 and 2018 were analysed. In all, 27 health risk behaviours were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Significance of a linear trend was tested by treating study year as categorical variable in logistic regression analyses, adjusted by age group and food insecurity for boys and girls separately Results Among both sexes, four health risk behaviours (current cigarette use, passive smoking, trouble from alcohol use, and physically attacked) significantly reduced from 2007 to 2018. Among boys five health risk behaviours (experience of hunger, parental tobacco use, current alcohol use, involvement in physical fighting, and multiple sexual partners), and among girls, inadequate physical activity significantly reduced over time. Among both sexes, the prevalence of four health risk behaviours (overweight/obesity, obesity, leisure-time sedentary behaviour and insufficient fruit intake) significantly increased among both sexes, and among girls ten health risk behaviours (not walking/biking to school, current other tobacco use, bullying victimisation, lifetime drunkenness, having no close friends, suicide plan, suicidal ideation, worry-induced sleep disturbance, loneliness, and ever sexual intercourse) significantly increased over time. Conclusion Nine health risk behaviours among boys and five health risk behaviours among girls decreased, and four health risk behaviours among boys and 14 health compromising behaviours among girls increased over a period of 11 years. School health programmes for adolescents should be strengthened in Argentina.

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Associations between TG/HDL ratio and insulin resistance in the US population: a cross-sectional study

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-21-0414 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rongpeng Gong ◽

Gang Luo ◽

Mingxiang Wang ◽

Lingbo Ma ◽

Shengnan Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Linear Interaction ◽

Non Linear ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Clinical data on the relationship between TG/HDL ratio and IR suggests that TG/HDL ratio may be a risk factor for insulin resistance. However, there is evidence that different races have different risk of developing insulin resistance. The relationship on TG/HDL ratio and insulin resistance in various populations needs to be improved. Therefore, we investigated whether TG/HDL ratio was linked to insulin resistance in different groups in the United States after controlling for other covariates. METHODS: The current research was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. From 2009 to 2018, NHANES had a total of 49,696 participants, all of whom were Americans. The target-independent variable was TG/HDL ratio measured at baseline, and the dependent variable was insulin resistance. Additionally, the BMI, waist circumference, education, race, smoking, alcohol use, ALT, AST, and other covariates were also included in this analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the 10,132 participants was 48.6±18.4 years, and approximately 4936 (48.7%) were male. After correcting for confounders, fully-adjusted logistic regression revealed that TG/HDL ratio was correlated with insulin resistance (OR=1.51, 95%CI 1.42-1.59). A non-linear interaction between TG/HDL ratio and IR was discovered, with a point of 1.06. The impact sizes and confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 6.28 (4.66-8.45) and 1.69 (1.45-1.97), respectively. According to subgroup analysis, the correlation was strong in female, alcohol use, and diabetes patients. Meanwhile, the inverse pattern was observed in the aged, obese, high-income, and smoking populations. CONCLUSION: In the American population, the TG/HDL ratio is positively associated with IR in a non-linear interaction pattern.

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Kesediaan Vaksinasi HPV pada Remaja Putri Ditinjau dari Faktor Orang Tua

Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) ◽

10.26699/jnk.v7i2.art.p213-222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 213-222

Author(s):

Nonik Ayu Wantini ◽

Novi Indrayani

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Parental Support ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Information Support ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Infeksi HPV dan pre kanker serviks (sel-sel abnormal pada leher rahim yang dapat menyebabkan kanker) telah menurun secara signifikan sejak vaksin HPV digunakan.Cakupan vaksinasi HPV masih rendah di Indonesia.Orang tua adalah pemegang tanggung jawab dan kewajiban utama di dalam penjaminan pemenuhan hak dasar anak untuk mendapatkan vaksinasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan (sikap, kepercayaan, dukungan orang tua) dengan kesediaan vaksinasi pada remaja putri. Jenis penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Muhammadiyah Macanan, Ngemplak dan SMPN 1 Berbah, Sleman pada Mei-Juli 2019. Jumlah sampel 127 remaja putri beserta orang tuanya dipilih dengan accidental sampling. Instrumen kuesioner dan telah dilakukan uji validitas. Analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square (dukungan instrumen, emosional, kepercayaan orang tua) dan uji fisher exact (dukungan informasi dan sikap). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 92,9% orang tua tidak memberikan dukungan informasi, 85% tidak memberikan dukungan instrumen, 75,6% memberikan dukungan emosional kepada putrinya terkait vaksinasi. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kesediaan vaksinasi adalah dukungan instrumen (p-value = 0,048). Faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan terbanyak orang tua untuk mengijinkan anaknya di vaksinasi adalah keamanan vaksin (81,1%). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan dukungan instrumen orang tua dengan kesediaan vaksinasi HPV pada remaja putri. HPV infections and cervical precancers (abnormal cells on the cervix that can lead to cancer) have dropped significantly since HPV vaccine has been in use. HPV vaccination coverage is still low in Indonesia. Parents are the main responsibility and obligation in guaranteeing the fulfillment of the child's basic rights to get a vaccination. The purpose of this study was to determine the related factors (attitudes, beliefs, parental support) with the willingness to participate in HPV vaccination among adolescent girls. This type of the study was analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah Macanan, Ngemplak and SMPN 1 Berbah, Sleman in May-July 2019. The sample was 127 adolescent girl and their parents selected by accidental sampling. The instrument used questionnaire and already undergone validity test. The bivariate analysis used chi square test (instrument and emotional support, parental trust) and fisher exact test (information support and attitude). The results showed 92.9% of parents did not provide information support, 85% did not provide instrument support, 75.6% provided emotional support to their daughters related to vaccination. Factors related to the willingness of vaccinations were instrument support (p-value = 0.048). The factor that was considered by most parents to allow their children to be vaccinated was vaccine safety (81.1%). Conclusion: There was a correlation between parental instrument support and HPV vaccination willingness of adolescent girls.

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Alcohol use in daily life: Examining the role of trait and state impulsivity facets

10.31234/osf.io/u3v7q ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah A Griffin ◽

Timothy J Trull

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Sensation Seeking ◽

Daily Life ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Trait Level ◽

Trait Impulsivity ◽

Drinking Behaviors ◽

Ecological Momentary

Objectives: Using Ecological Momentary Assessment methods (EMA) we aimed to investigate the influence of trait and state (momentary) impulsivity on alcohol use behaviors in daily life. Facets of the UPPS trait model of impulsivity (Whiteside and Lynam, 2001) have been found to differentially relate to alcohol-related outcomes and behaviors in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The present work expands on this by assessing UPPS facets in daily life and examining the contributions of trait and state impulsivity facets to daily life drinking behavior. Methods: 49 participants were prompted at least six times per day for 21 days. A total of 4,548 collected EMA reports were included in analyses. Multi-level models were computed predicting daily life alcohol use behaviors from state and trait impulsivity facets and relevant covariates. Results: Individual facets of momentary impulsivity differentially related to alcohol outcomes, such that (lack of) premeditation and, to a lesser extent, sensation seeking showed unique patterns of association with drinking and drinking quantity. Only trait levels of (lack of) premeditation were related to drinking behavior in daily life; no other trait UPPS scale significantly related to alcohol use. Conclusions: These results highlight state difficulties with premeditation as particularly relevant to drinking behavior in daily life. Our results also support the incremental validity of state impulsivity facets over trait level measures in relation to drinking behavior in daily life. These findings offer important insight into the phenomenology of daily-life alcohol use and highlight possible avenues for intervention and prevention efforts. Public Health Statement: Momentary fluctuations in premeditation predict alcohol use in daily life. Treatments targeting planning or forethought in relation to alcohol use may interrupt this process contributing to daily life drinking behaviors.

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Maternal Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Relation to Child Malnutrition in Gauteng, South Africa: A Retrospective Analysis

Children ◽

10.3390/children8020133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Perpetua Modjadji ◽

Mpinane Pitso

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Child Growth ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

World Health ◽

Poor Growth ◽

Growth Standards ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Current Tobacco

Tobacco and alcohol use among mothers is associated with numerous adverse consequences for affected offspring, including poor growth and development. This study determined the association between maternal tobacco and alcohol use, and malnutrition, among infants aged ≤ 12 months (n = 300), in selected health facilities situated in Gauteng, South Africa. Data on alcohol and tobacco use were collected using a validated questionnaire, in addition to mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics and obstetric history. Stunting (low height/length-for-age), underweight (low weight-for-age) and thinness (low body mass index-for-age) were calculated using z-scores based on the World Health Organization child growth standards. The association of tobacco and alcohol use with stunting, underweight and thinness was analysed using logistic regression analysis. The results showed a mean age of 29 years (24.0; 35.0) for mothers and 7.6 ± 3 months for infants, and over half of the mothers were unemployed (63%). Approximately 18.7% of mothers had used tobacco and 3% had used alcohol during pregnancy. The prevalence of current tobacco and alcohol use among mothers were estimated at 14.3% and 49.7%, respectively, and almost three-quarters (67.3%) of them were still breastfeeding during the study period. Stunting (55%) was the most prevalent malnutrition indicator among infants, while underweight was 41.7%, and thinness was 22%. Current tobacco use was associated with increased odds of being thin [OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.09–5.45), and after adjusting for confounders, current alcohol use was associated with the likelihood of being underweight [AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06–3.63] among infants. Future prospective cohort studies that examine growth patterns among infants who are exposed to maternal tobacco and alcohol use from the intrauterine life to infancy are necessary to inform, partly, the public health programmes, to reduce malnutrition among children.

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