Weed Management in Transplanted Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) with Pretransplant Tank Mixes of Sulfentrazone, S-metolachlor, and Dimethenamid-p

Pepper growers currently have limited access to many effective broadleaf herbicides. Field trials were conducted over a 3-year period in Ontario to study the effect of tank mixtures of sulfentrazone (100 or 200 g·ha−1 a.i.) with either s-metolachlor (1200 or 2400 g·ha−1 a.i.) or dimethenamid-p (750 or 1500 g·ha−1 a.i.) on transplanted bell pepper. Under weed-free conditions, there was no visual injury or reduction in plant height, fruit number, fruit size, or marketable yield of transplanted pepper with pretransplant applications of sulfentrazone applied in tank mixtures with s-metolachlor or dimethenamid-p. The tank mixture of sulfentrazone + s-metolachlor gave greater than 85% control of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), but only 70% to 76% control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). The combination of sulfentrazone + dimethenamid-p provided good to excellent control of all weed species except velvetleaf. Based on this study, sulfentrazone and dimethenamid-p have potential for minor use registration in pepper.

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Weed control in soybean using pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps-2015-114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 1199-1204 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kimberly D. Belfry ◽

Kristen E. McNaughton ◽

Peter H. Sikkema

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Control Option ◽

Green Foxtail ◽

Glycine Max L

Belfry, K. D., McNaughton, K. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Weed control in soybean using pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1199–1204. Pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone are new herbicides currently being evaluated for weed control in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in Ontario, Canada. Seven experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2011 to 2013) at Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario, to evaluate weed management using pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone and their tank-mixes relative to the industry standard, imazethapyr plus metribuzin. Tank-mixing pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone provided up to 97, 46, 60, 100 and 71% control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.], Powell amaranth [Amaranthus powellii (S.) Wats.] and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.), respectively, at 2 wk after treatment. Control with pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone was improved when tank-mixed, relative to application of each herbicide separately. Although control was variable across weed species, no difference in control was identified between pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone and imazethapyr plus metribuzin. Soybean yield was up to 2.7, 2.4 and 2.9 t ha−1 for pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone and pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone application, yet imazethapyr plus metribuzin provided the highest yield (3.3 t ha−1). This research demonstrates that pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone may be used as a valuable weed control option in soybean; however, weed community composition may limit herbicidal utility.

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Utility of Maintained Weed Infestations Under Field Conditions

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500079583 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 206-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. P. Upchurch ◽

F. L. Selman ◽

H. L. Webster

Keyword(s):

Chenopodium Album ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Moderate Degree ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Dimethyl Urea ◽

Polygonum Pensylvanicum

Relatively pure stands of eight weed species were maintained under field conditions on a Goldsboro loamy sand at Lewiston, North Carolina, for all or part of a 6-year period. Herbicides evaluated as preemergence surface treatments for these species were 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb), isopropyl m-chlorocarbanilate (chloropropham), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-urea (diuron), 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine), and 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben). S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) and a,a,a-trifluro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) were evaluated as preemergence incorporated treatments. The first four herbicides were evaluated in 1961, 1964, and 1966 while the last three were evaluated in 1962, 1963, and 1965. A series of rates was used for each chemical with three replications. With the exception of diuron which failed to control goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.), all of the herbicides provided at least a moderate degree of control of goosegrass, smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl.), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) at the respective typical field use rates. In general, trifluralin and amiben gave the best grass control and dinoseb the poorest. None of the herbicides effectively controlled common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.) or ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq.). Trifluralin and EPTC did not control Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.). Chloropropham was ineffective on common ragweed. Simazine, chloropropham, and amiben controlled Pennsylvania smartweed while diuron, simazine, dinoseb, and amiben were especially effective on common lambsquarters. Distinctive patterns of nematode infestations were observed as a function of weed species.

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Response of Annual Weed Species to Glufosinate and Glyphosate

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00046170 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 542-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Brent E. Tharp ◽

Oliver Schabenberger ◽

James J. Kells

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Setaria Faberi ◽

Giant Foxtail ◽

Annual Weeds ◽

Large Crabgrass

The recent introduction of glufosinate-resistant and glyphosate-resistant crops provides growers with new options for weed management. Information is needed to compare the effectiveness of glufosinate and glyphosate on annual weeds. Greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the response of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) to glufosinate and glyphosate. The response of velvetleaf and common lambsquarters was investigated at multiple stages of growth. Glufosinate and glyphosate were applied to each weed species at logarithmically incremented rates. The glufosinate and glyphosate rates that provided a 50% reduction in aboveground weed biomass, commonly referred to as GR50values, were compared using nonlinear regression techniques. Barnyardgrass, common ragweed, fall panicum, giant foxtail, and large crabgrass responded similarly to glufosinate and glyphosate. Common lambsquarters 4 to 8 cm in height was more sensitive to glufosinate than glyphosate. In contrast, 15- to 20-cm tall-velvetleaf was more sensitive to glyphosate than glufosinate.

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Examination of commercially available bird feed for weed seed contaminants

Invasive Plant Science and Management ◽

10.1017/inp.2020.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eric Oseland ◽

Mandy Bish ◽

Christine Spinka ◽

Kevin Bradley

Keyword(s):

Chenopodium Album ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Amaranthus Palmeri ◽

Weed Seed ◽

Weed Species ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Proso Millet

AbstractIn 2016 and 2017, 98 separate commercially available bird feed mixes were examined for the presence of weed seed. All weed seed contaminants were counted and identified by species. Amaranthus species were present in 94 of the 98 bags of bird feed. Amaranthus species present in bird feed mixes included waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer], redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.), and tumble pigweed (Amaranthus albus L.). Amaranthus palmeri was present in 27 of the 98 mixes. Seed of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott], grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus L., syn: Polygonum convolvulus), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and Setaria species were also present in bird feed mixes. A greenhouse assay to determine Amaranthus species seed germinability and resistance to glyphosate revealed that approximately 19% of Amaranthus seed in bird feed mixes are readily germinable, and five mixes contained A. tuberculatus and A. palmeri seed that were resistant to glyphosate. Results from linear regression and t-test analysis indicate that when proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), grain sorghum, and corn (Zea mays L.) were present in feed mixes, Amaranthus seed contamination was increased. The presence of proso millet and grain sorghum also increased contamination of grass weed species, while sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) increased A. artemisiifolia contamination and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) increased contamination of Bassia scoparia.

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INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDES ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN TRUE POTATO

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.49.2001.2.9 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 183-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Sing ◽

A. K. Verma ◽

J. Pandey

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Good Control ◽

Effective Control ◽

Weed Species ◽

Paddy Straw ◽

Free Treatment ◽

Excellent Control ◽

Hand Weeding

The results obtained showed that there was severe competition between potato and the predominant weed species Coronopus didymus, Chenopodium album, Fumaria parviflora, Melilotus indica and Spergula arvensis. Competition by other weed species was nominal. The maximum reduction in tuber yield due to weed competition was 50.5% in 1997–98 and 63.4% in 1998–99. Weed control treatments lowered the weed density and weed biomass and scaled up tuber yield in both the years, but their effect on weed species differed. Metribuzin killed all the Chenopodium album plants and gave excellent control of Coronopus didymus (94%) and effective control of other weed species. Pendimethalin inhibited the germination of Chenopodium album, gave good control of arvensis and lowered the density of other weed species. Fluchloralin completely inhibited the germination of Fumaria parviflora and gave good control of Chenopodium album and Spergula arvensis, but was least effective against other weed species. The highest yield was recorded in the weed-free treatment, which was significantly superior to all other treatments. Hand weeding + earthing up, isoproturon (1.0 kg/ha), metribuzin and pendimethalin caused an identical increase in tuber yield, which was significantly higher than the increase in the rest of the treatments. Atrazine at 0.25 kg ha –1 resulted in a higher increase than when applied at 0.5 kg ha –1 . Fluchloralin, paraquat and paddy straw mulch boosted up production, but the increase in tuber yield was not significant.

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Effect of Crop Residues on Weed Emergence

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

Nebojša Nikolić ◽

Donato Loddo ◽

Roberta Masin

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Weed Species ◽

Field Quantity ◽

Crop Fields ◽

No Till

Weed behaviour in crop fields has been extensively studied; nevertheless, limited knowledge is available for particular cropping systems, such as no-till systems. Improving weed management under no-till conditions requires an understanding of the interaction between crop residues and the seedling emergence process. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of maize and wheat residues, applied in three different quantities (1, the field quantity, 0.5, and 1.5-fold amounts of the field quantity), on the emergence of eight weed species: Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Setaria pumila, Sonchus oleraceus, and Sorghum halepense. The experiment was conducted over two consecutive years. The results showed that the quantities 1 and 1.5 could suppress seedling emergence by 20 and 44%, respectively, while the quantity 0.5 seems to promote emergence by 22% compared with the control without residues. Weed species showed different responses to crop residues, from C. album showing 56% less emergence to S. halepense showing a 44% higher emergence than the control without residues. Different meteorological conditions in the two-year experiment also exhibited a significant influence on weed species emergence.

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Weed Control in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with Soil-applied Herbicides Affected by a Prolonged and Limited rainfall

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

Zvonko Pacanoski ◽

◽

Arben Mehmeti ◽

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Trials ◽

Early Spring ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Weed Species ◽

Polygonum Aviculare ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Solanum Nigrum L

The field trials were carried out in the Bitola and Titov Veles regions during two sunflower growing seasons (2018 and 2019) to estimate a weed control in sunflower with the soil‒applied herbicides, influenced by a prolonged and limited rainfall. Polygonum aviculare L., Solanum nigrum L., Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L., and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. were the most dominant weeds in both regions. The efficacy of PRE-em herbicides varied among the weed species, treatments, periods of efficacy estimation, regions, and years. The overall performances of the PRE-em herbicides were correlated with weather and soil conditions. The inconsistent weather patterns between the two years of the study likely influenced the weed control. All weeds in 2018 in the Bitola region were poorly controlled (<77% and <62%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively) due to a higher amount of rainfall (57 mm) during the 10 days of the 1st decade after herbicide application. The herbicide efficacy has only produced a marginal control of weeds in 2019 in the Titov Veles region as well (<68% and <59%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively), due to the drought conditions observed in this region in early spring and in mid-spring. A PREem application followed by a heavy rainfall resulted in a sunflower injury in the Bitola region in 2018, ranging from 9 to 28% across the PRE-em treatments seven days after emergence. The injuries by oxyfluorfen and dimethenamid-P were more serious (24 and 28%, respectively). The sunflower achene yields for each treatment in both regions generally reflected an overall weed control and crop injury.

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Biological Parameters for Germination of Selected Summer Weed Species: First Step to Transfer the Hydrothermal Model Alertinf to Croatia

10.20944/preprints202101.0165.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Valentina Šoštarčić ◽

Roberta Masin ◽

Donato Loddo ◽

Ema Brijačak ◽

Maja Šćepanović

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Base Temperature ◽

Weed Species ◽

Time Model ◽

Emergence Patterns ◽

Base Water Potential

The efficacy of weed management depends on the correct control timing according to the seedling emergence dynamics. Since soil temperature and soil moisture are two main factors that determine weed germination, the hydrothermal time model can be used to predict their emergence. The aim of this study was to estimate the base temperature (Tb) and base water potential (Ψb) for germination of Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Setaria pumila and Panicum capillare collected from fields in continental Croatia and then to compare these values with those of Italian populations embedded in the AlertInf model. Germination tests were performed at seven constant temperatures (ranging from 4 to 27°C) and eight water potentials (0.00 to - 1.00 MPa). Estimated Tb and Ψb were 3.4°C, -1.38 MPa for C. album, 13.9°C, -0.36 MPa for A. retroflexus, 6.6°C, -0.71 MPa for S. pumila and 11.0°C, -0.87 MPa for P. capillare, respectively. According to the criterion of overlap of the 95% confidence intervals, only Tb of C. album, and Ψb of A. retroflexus were similar between Croatian and Italian populations. Further field experiments should be conducted in the Croatian field to monitor weed emergence patterns of C. album and to calibrate the AlerInf equation parameters.

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STUDY OF WEED FLORA OF MAIZE CROPS IN THE NISAVA DISTRICT

Applied Researches in Technics Technologies and Education ◽

10.15547/artte.2018.04.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 340-345

Author(s):

Jelica Živić ◽

Milić Vojinović ◽

Ivica Stančić ◽

Saša Petrović

Keyword(s):

Chenopodium Album ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Weed Species ◽

Convolvulus Arvensis ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Cultivated Plant ◽

The Right

The damage from the present weeds in maize crop is shown by the reduction of yield in almost every year and their suppression is completely economically justified. The right selection of herbicides mostly depends on the presence of dominant weed species and the time of application. The paper presents the distribution and existence of economically harmful, invasive and quarantine weed species (Abutilon theophrasti, Agropyrum repens, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Capsela bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hybridum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Datura stramonium, Avena fatua, Calystegia sepium, …) on ten locations of maize crops in the Nisava district. Estimation of the species presence was done in two shootings (May and August) on scale 1-4 (1 - species appears individually and occupy up to 5% of the surface, 2 - appears and occupies 5-25% of the surface, 3 - appears often and occupies 25-50% of the surface, 4 - the species prevails over the cultivated plant and occupies over 50% of the surface).

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Mesotrione: A new herbicide for use in maize

Pesticidi ◽

10.2298/pif0304245e ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 245-256

Author(s):

Ibrahim Elezovic ◽

Milan Stevic ◽

Katarina Jovanovic-Radovanov

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Field Trials ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Experimental Sample ◽

Weed Species ◽

Polygonum Lapathifolium ◽

Lepidium Draba

In 2000 and 2001 field trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of herbicide mesotrione in maize. The experiments were established in Zemun Polje and Smederevska Palanka, according to EPPO/OEPP standard methods. Trade formulation Callisto (a.i. mesotrione 480 g/L) used as a experimental sample in two doses 0.15 L/ha and 0.25 L/ha for pre-em, and 0.15 L/ha adjuvant; 0.25 L/ha + adjuvant and 0.25 L/ha alone for foliar application. The most sensitive weed species were: Adonis aestivalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hibridum Lepidium draba, Brassica nigra, Datura stramonium, Kickia spuria, Polygonum lapathifolium, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum nigrum, Stachys annua i Xanthium strumarium.

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