Technology Licensing, Absorptive Capacity, and Early Performance: Evidence from New Ventures in the United States

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Xiangzhen Kong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technology Licensing ◽  
Early Performance

Family Impacts on Emerging Ventures in Poland

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Welsch ◽  
Gerald Hills ◽  
Frank Hoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Family Business ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Emerging Democracy

This study reports the results of a survey of eighty owners of new ventures in Poland. The purpose of the survey was to assess the problems faced by small business owners and prospective small business owners in this emerging democracy. The sample was almost evenly split between family businesses and nonfamily businesses, which allowed for comparisons between family business issues in Poland and in the United States and between family and nonfamily business in Poland.

scholarly journals Early Performance of Jujube Drying and Multipurpose Cultivars in the Southwestern United States

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1804-1810
Author(s):  
Shengrui Yao ◽  
Robert Heyduck ◽  
Steven Guldan ◽  
Govinda Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
New Mexico State University ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Dry Fruit

Jujube cultivars have been imported into the United States for more than 100 years, but cultivar trials have been limited. To accurately recommend cultivars for each region, trials have to be conducted. We have set up jujube cultivar trials at the New Mexico State University (NMSU) Alcalde (2015, USDA hardiness zone 6a), Los Lunas (2015, 7a), and Leyendecker (2017, 8a) Centers with over 35 cultivars at each site with two replicates and a complete random block design. We reported the early performance of fresh-eating cultivars in 2019. Here we report the performance of 19 drying and multipurpose jujube cultivars. Between 40% and 100% of jujube trees produced a few fruit to more than 100 fruit in the planting year, depending on cultivar and location. Trees were more upright at Los Lunas than at Alcalde. ‘Kongfucui’ (KFC) was the most productive cultivar at Alcalde with 13.3 kg/tree in 2019, followed by ‘Chaoyang’, ‘Jinkuiwang’ (JKW), ‘Pitless’, and ‘Lang’. The yield at Los Lunas was lower than Alcalde for the first 3 years after planting; however, ‘Jinsi 2’, ‘Jinsi 4’, ‘Jixin’, ‘Sherwood’, ‘Sihong’, and ‘Xiangzao’ produced higher yields at Los Lunas than Alcalde in 2019. All cultivars produced higher yields and contained higher soluble solids at Leyendecker than Alcalde and Los Lunas at similar ages. ‘JKW’ was the most vigorous and productive cultivar at Leyendecker. ‘JKW’, ‘Xiangzao’, and ‘Lang’ produced more than 3.0 kg/tree in their second year after planting. ‘JKW’ yielded 12.3 kg/tree in its third year after planting. Among the three locations, drying cultivars are not recommended for commercial production at Alcalde. However, home gardeners can plant multipurpose and early-drying cultivars at Alcalde. Leyendecker produced the best dry fruit with larger fruit size, rich color, and meaty fruit; dry fruit quality was acceptable in most years at Los Lunas except 2019. We preliminarily recommend some drying and multipurpose cultivars for each location. As trees mature and produce more fruit, we will fine-tune the cultivar recommendations. We also discuss the jujube cultivar zoning information in New Mexico and fruit uses.

How do foreign initial public offerings attract investor attention? A study of the impact of language

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-384
Author(s):  
Dane P Blevins ◽  
Amy Ingram ◽  
Eric WK Tsang ◽  
Mike W Peng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Investor Attention ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
Power Of Words ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Strategic Outcomes

Language is increasingly recognized as having the ability to shape strategic outcomes. To understand language’s impact in entrepreneurial settings, we study language in the context of foreign initial public offerings, a setting where organizations may suffer from both the liabilities of newness and foreignness. Our sample consists of the population of foreign initial public offerings debuting in the United States between 2001 and 2014, which collectively raised over US$60 billion in capital. We find that both new ventures’ and the media’s language impact investors by influencing the level of interest in the foreign initial public offerings. We also reveal that the media’s use of analogies plays a pivotal role in familiarizing and legitimizing unfamiliar organizations. Overall, our study offers insights into the power of words in managing the challenges associated with the liabilities of newness and foreignness.

scholarly journals What a Pandemic Has Taught Us About the Potential for Innovation in Rural Health: Commencing an Ethnography in Canada, the United States, Sweden, and Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Petrie ◽  
Dean Carson ◽  
Paul Peters ◽  
Anna-Karin Hurtig ◽  
Michele LeBlanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Community Connections

The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with a multi-national federally funded research project examining the potential for health and care services in small rural areas to identify and implement innovations in service delivery. The project has a strong focus on electronic health (eHealth) but covers other areas of innovation as well. The project has been designed as an ethnography to prelude a realist evaluation, asking the question under what conditions can local health and care services take responsibility for designing and implementing new service models that meet local needs? The project had already engaged with several health care practitioners and research students based in Canada, Sweden, Australia, and the United States. Our attention is particularly on rural communities with fewer than 5,000 residents and which are relatively isolated from larger service centres. Between March and September 2020, the project team undertook ethnographic and auto-ethnographic research in their own communities to investigate what the service model responses to the pandemic were, and the extent to which local service managers were able to customize their responses to suit the needs of their communities. An initial program theory drawn from the extant literature suggested that “successful” response to the pandemic would depend on a level of local autonomy, “absorptive capacity,*” strong service-community connections, an “anti-fragile†” approach to implementing change, and a realistic recognition of the historical barriers to implementing eHealth and other innovations in these types of rural communities. The field research in 2020 has refined the theory by focusing even more attention on absorptive capacity and community connections, and by suggesting that some level of ignorance of the barriers to innovation may be beneficial. The research also emphasized the role and power of external actors to the community which had not been well-explored in the literature. This paper will summarize both what the field research revealed about the capacity to respond well to the COVID-19 challenge and highlight the gaps in innovative strategies at a managerial level required for rapid response to system stress.*Absorptive Capacity is defined as the ability of an organization (community, clinic, hospital) to adapt to change. Organizations with flexible capacity can incorporate change in a productive fashion, while those with rigid capacity take longer to adapt, and may do so inappropriately.†Antifragility is defined as an entities' ability to gain stability through stress. Biological examples include building muscle through consistent use, and bones becoming stronger through subtle stress. Antifragility has been used as a guiding principle in programme implementation in the past.

scholarly journals Early Performance of Jujube Fresh Eating Cultivars in the Southwestern United States

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1941-1946
Author(s):  
Shengrui Yao ◽  
Robert Heyduck ◽  
Steven Guldan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Performance Results

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), also called chinese date, cultivars have not been formally trialed in the United States after the 1950s. Currently, there are five to six commercially available jujube cultivars, with ‘Li’ as the dominant one. Both growers and consumers demand a wider range of cultivars to extend the maturation season and for different uses. We tested jujube cultivars at three locations in New Mexico [U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zones 6a, 7a, and 8a] to assess their adaption and performance. These are early performance results for fresh eating cultivars. Jujubes were precocious; 50% to 95% of trees produced during their planting year, depending on cultivar and location. The average yield per tree for trees in their second to fourth year after planting were 409 g, 4795 g, and 5318 g at Alcalde; and 456 g, 3098 g, and 5926 g at Los Lunas, respectively. The yields varied by cultivar and location. ‘Kongfucui’ (‘KFC’) was the most productive cultivar at Alcalde and Los Lunas in both 2017 and 2018, followed by ‘Daguazao’, ‘Gaga’, ‘Honeyjar’, Maya’, ‘Redland’, and ‘Sugarcane’. ‘GA866’, ‘Alcalde #1’, ‘Zaocuiwang’, and ‘Sandia’ had the lowest yields among the 15 cultivars tested. ‘Alcalde #1’ was the earliest to mature with large fruit, suitable for marginal regions with short growing seasons, whereas ‘Sandia’ had the best fruit quality among all cultivars tested, suitable for commercial growers and home gardeners. ‘Maya’, ‘Gaga’, ‘Honeyjar’, and ‘Russian 2’ were very productive, early-midseason cultivars with small fruit but excellent fruit quality—a perfect fit for the home gardener market. ‘Li’, ‘Daguazao’, ‘Redland’, and ‘Shanxi Li’ were productive with large fruit. Cultivars grew faster and produced higher yields, larger fruit, and higher soluble solids at more southerly locations. This article discusses cultivars’ early performance up to the fourth year after planting. This is the first jujube cultivar trial report in the United States since the 1950s.

EXPLORING INNOVATIVE NEW VENTURES IN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550010 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIRTON J. COWDEN ◽  
JINTONG TANG ◽  
JUN YANG ◽  
YULI ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Institutional Transitions

Data and general observations would indicate that Chinese new ventures are not as innovative as U.S. new ventures. This paper utilizes the Institution-Based View of Entrepreneurship to argue that the varying institutions within the subnational regions influence the innovativeness of new ventures. More specifically, this variation in innovativeness of new ventures is more salient in the Chinese setting than the United States setting because of the unevenness of institutional transitions within Chinese subnational regions. Using a sample of 488 Chinese new ventures and 317 U.S. new ventures, this paper not only shows that region matters beyond individual and industry characteristics, but also shows that China suffers from a weighted averages issue, with Central and West subnational regions of China bringing down its overall innovativeness of new ventures. This provides implications on the appropriateness of making comparisons at a country level.

CULTURAL VALUES, MARKET INSTITUTIONS, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP POTENTIAL: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE UNITED STATES, TAIWAN, AND VIETNAM

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
THANG V. NGUYEN ◽  
SCOTT E. BRYANT ◽  
JERMAN ROSE ◽  
CHIUNG-HUI TSENG ◽  
SUPARA KAPASUWAN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of national cultural values and the development of market institutions on three aspects of entrepreneurship (desire, intention, and confidence in creating new ventures). We ask: What different kinds of effects do cultural and institutional factors have on different aspects of entrepreneurship? Our samples come from Vietnam, Taiwan, and the United States (US). The use of three countries allows us to distinguish the separate influences of culture and market institutions on entrepreneurship. Our results suggest that only culture has a significant impact on individuals' desires to create new ventures. However, we found mixed results on whether culture or institution affects individuals' intentions and confidence in creating new ventures. Contrary to our hypotheses, the Vietnam sample had higher scores on intention to create new ventures than both the US and Taiwan samples. The Vietnam sample was also higher than Taiwan on the confidence in creating new ventures. This may suggest an interaction effect of cultural and institutional factors on entrepreneurship. This interaction deserves more attention in future research.

scholarly journals Age and High-Growth Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Azoulay ◽  
Benjamin F. Jones ◽  
J. Daniel Kim ◽  
Javier Miranda
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Successful Entrepreneurs ◽  
Start Ups

Many observers, and many investors, believe that young people are especially likely to produce the most successful new firms. Integrating administrative data on firms, workers, and owners, we study start-ups systematically in the United States and find that successful entrepreneurs are middle-aged, not young. The mean age at founding for the 1-in-1,000 fastest growing new ventures is 45.0. The findings are similar when considering high-technology sectors, entrepreneurial hubs, and successful firm exits. Prior experience in the specific industry predicts much greater rates of entrepreneurial success. These findings strongly reject common hypotheses that emphasize youth as a key trait of successful entrepreneurs. (JEL G24, J14, L26, M13, O31)

Education in the 21st Century

10.12737/2618 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Оеверинг ◽  
Benjamin Oevering ◽  
Мехтабдин ◽  
Khalid Mehtabdin ◽  
Кочиэн ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
21St Century ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Modern Era

Higher Education has become the backbone of economic success in rapidly developing countries such as the United States. This paper looks to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities associated with bettering our educational system in hopes of having a predeveloped workforce for the 21st century and beyond. The ability to develop and manage knowledge and practical skills in conjunction with what real world employers are looking for, would close the gap between higher education and job success. This streamlining of the education system would better support businesses as they look to expand, start new ventures, and develop into companies that supply services or products in demand by the rest of the world. It is important that when implementing these recommendations, one does not restrict students from thinking constructively and innovatively. Innovative knowledge is critical to the development of processes that will make companies more efficient in the future. The goal is to enable higher education to foster the development of workforce better suited for business in the 21st century and a citizenry able to contribute to the overall well being of society. This paper does make recommendations that will develop students in a way that will better prepare them to play integral roles in companies immediately, which in turn will help build companies and the communities in which they operate. This will promote a cyclical development of individuals, businesses, communities, and finally the schools themselves- all which will be critically important in our modern era and ahead into the future. Overall economic wellbeing, happiness, and unity among citizens would be the goal with businesses and schools standing to gain overall cutting edge performance from their employees and students.

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