scholarly journals GENOMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β2 GENE POLYMORPHISM ASSOCIATED WITH PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN GIZA M-2 CHICKEN LINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-547
Author(s):  
Farid Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Chicken Line ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β2

Expression of transforming growth factor-β2 and β3 mRNAs and proteins in the developing chicken embryo

1994 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia B. Jakowlew ◽  
Gary Ciment ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan ◽  
Michael B. Sporn ◽  
Anita B. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β2

Increased transforming growth factor-β2 expression in the glomerular arteriole of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in a bartter's-like syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 992-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Tosiyuki Takahashi ◽  
Katsuhiko Yonemura ◽  
Katsuyuki Matsui ◽  
Mitsumasa Nagase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β2

Elevated transforming growth factor β2 enhances apoptosis and contributes to abnormal outflow tract and aortic sac development in retinoic X receptor α knockout embryos

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-746
Author(s):  
Steven W. Kubalak ◽  
D. Reneé Hutson ◽  
Karen K. Scott ◽  
Rebecca A. Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Endocardial Cushions ◽  
Precise Integration ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β2

Septation of the single tubular embryonic outflow tract into two outlet segments in the heart requires the precise integration of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis during remodeling. Lack of proper coordination between these processes would result in a variety of congenital cardiac defects such as those seen in the retinoid X receptor α knockout (Rxra–/–) mouse. Rxra–/– embryos exhibit lethality between embryonic day (E) 13.5 and 15.5 and harbor a variety of conotruncal and aortic sac defects making it an excellent system to investigate the molecular and morphogenic causes of these cardiac malformations. At E12.5, before the embryonic lethality, we found no qualitative difference between wild type and Rxra–/– proliferation (BrdU incorporation) in outflow tract cushion tissue but a significant increase in apoptosis as assessed by both TUNEL labeling in paraffin sections and caspase activity in trypsin-dispersed hearts. Additionally, E12.5 embryos demonstrated elevated levels of transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2) protein in multiple cell lineages in the heart. Using a whole-mouse-embryo culture system, wild-type E11.5 embryos treated with TGFβ2 protein for 24 hours displayed enhanced apoptosis in both the sinistroventralconal cushion and dextrodorsalconal cushion in a manner analogous to that observed in the Rxra–/–. TGFβ2 protein treatment also led to malformations in both the outflow tract and aortic sac. Importantly, Rxra–/– embryos that were heterozygous for a null mutation in the Tgfb2 allele exhibited a partial restoration of the elevated apoptosis and of the malformations. This was evident at both E12.5 and E13.5. The data suggests that elevated levels of TGFβ2 can (1) contribute to abnormal outflow tract morphogenesis by enhancing apoptosis in the endocardial cushions and (2) promote aortic sac malformations by interfering with the normal development of the aorticopulmonary septum.

Transforming growth factor-β2 levels in aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes

2001 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Inatani ◽  
Hidenobu Tanihara ◽  
Hideto Katsuta ◽  
Megumi Honjo ◽  
Noriaki Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β2
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