scholarly journals ACTIVATION OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN TRAINING PHYSICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Елена Анатольевна Румбешта ◽  
Елизавета Игоревна Жукевич ◽  
Анна Алексеевна Власова
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
Teaching Physics

Ставится проблема развития познавательной деятельности школьников и активного ее применения. Развитие данного вида деятельности требует специальных методов и определенной организации уроков, что в настоящее время недостаточно разработано. На примере конкретной разработки урока физики показано, что вовлечение школьников в решение проблем на уроке и применение комплекса методов и приемов, позволяющих их решить, активизируют мыслительную деятельность и когнитивные способности. Анализируется, как можно организовать эвристическую беседу при проведении проблемных уроков и какие типы вопросов использовать в рамках беседы. Приведены конкретные количественные данные о развитии познавательного интереса учащихся 7-го и 8-го классов: уровень участия в эвристической беседе, усложнение характера вопросов, готовность к рефлексии и саморазвитию. The problem of the development of the cognitive activity of schoolchildren and its active application is posed. The solution to this problem is associated with the development of the cognitive interest of students at the age when they begin to study physics. The cognitive activity of students of this age in teaching physics is associated with the development of such mental operations as understanding, logical thinking and depends on the level of their development. The organization of active cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the classroom, in the process of which the ability to understand the presented material is formed, cognitive interest develops and logical thinking requires special methods and a certain organization of lessons, which is currently not sufficiently developed. It is proposed to do this on a system of problematic lessons. Using the example of a specific development of one of these physics lessons, it is shown that the involvement of schoolchildren in solving problems in the classroom and the use of a set of methods and techniques that allow them to be solved, activates mental activity and cognitive abilities. Heuristic conversation, the inclusion of some students in practical activities and interactive observation are used as methods and techniques. It analyzes how it is possible to organize a heuristic conversation when conducting problem lessons, and what types of questions to use in the framework of the conversation, how to organize the practice. The success of the proposed methods for the development of the cognitive activity of schoolchildren is confirmed by specific quantitative data on the development of the cognitive interest of 7th and 8th grade students: the level of participation in heuristic conversation, the complication of the nature of the questions that involve in the conversation, as well as the readiness for reflection and self-development.

scholarly journals КОГНІТИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ЗБІЛЬШЕННЯ ПІЗНАВАЛЬНИХ РЕСУРСІВ ТА ПОКРАЩЕННЯ РОЗУМОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЛІТНЬОЇ ЛЮДИНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Olga Volodymyrivna Topol
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Approach

Urgency of the research. In terms of increasing the duration of human life and the aging of the population around the world, it is relevant to study the features of the mental activity of the elderly in order to improve it. Target setting. With age, the risk of dangerous brain diseases with various forms of senile dementia increases. Learning to restore brain cells, reprogram the brain, preventing rapid aging is extremely important. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Important postulates for the study of cognitive features of the elderly were the statements of S. Freud, K. Jung, A. Adler. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Ideas of S. Freud, K. Jung, A. Adler not enough used in scientific gerontology. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to reveal the essence of the cognitive approach to the development of the personality of elderly, increase cognitive resources, and improve their mental activity. The statement of basic materials. When diagnosing cognitive processes, the levels of intelligence "fluid" (innate inclinations and abilities) and "crystallized" (acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities of cognitive activity) appear. with constant mental activity in old age the last one does not deteriorate, but on the contrary increases, is characterized by a sufficient level of general education, awareness, relies on experience, and is closely related to wisdom. Conclusions. Cognitive-behavioral approaches should be used for therapeutic purposes in the treatment of cognitive disorders among the elderly (elimination/reduction of symptoms of brain disease, prevention of relapses, improving the effectiveness of drug treatment), as well as the development and improvement of cognitive abilities. The latter requires a change in psychological attitudes, thoughts, attitudes to life, the formation of positive behavioral patterns.

MODELING USING PHET SIMULATIONS IN TEACHING PHYSICS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Hristina Petrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Group Work ◽  
Physics Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Education Technology ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Student Group ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Demonstration Experiment ◽  
Teaching Physics

A particularly important aspect of learning physics is using models of physical objects, processes and phenomena. Modeling is an important component of learning and cognitive activity. This determines its importance for the formation and development of students’ knowledge and skills. The Physics Education Technology (PhET) project creates useful simulations for teaching and learning physics and makes them freely available on the PhET web site: http://phet.colorado.edu The simulations are interactive, animated and visual. Some ideas for their using in physics education are presented. They can be used in various of ways, including demonstration experiment as part of lecture, student group work or individual worksheets, homework assignments or labs. The possibility for using simulations in remote education is considered. Students are given interactive assignments. They include interactive problems in the form of computer simulation and questions related to it. The students work with data which they analyze and present tabular and graphically. This approach suggest activities based on enquiry. In result their motivation and interest in physics increases.

scholarly journals Features of formation of the functional state of the central nervous system and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents of the school age

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
E. V. Bulycheva ◽  
O. M. Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
General Education ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
School Age ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Objective: The objective is to determine the features of formation of the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents of the school age.Methods: The study included 300 school children of general education institution of Orenburg. Functional state of CNS was evaluated with variational chronoreflexometry. Cognitive availabilities have been studied with proof-reading test, Landolt ring.Results: From 7–11 y.o. to 16–17 y.o., there was an increase by 1.5 times in parameters of CNS functional state. Students aged from 7–11 y.o. by 12–15 y.o. demonstrated decrease in processing speed by 1.5 times due to increase of cognitive activity to 1.8 times. From 12–15 y.o. by 16–17 y.o., on the contrary, there was an increase of information processing speed by 1.3 times and decrease of cognitive activity by 2.9 times.Conclusions: The detected features of formation of CNS functional state and cognitive abilities in children and adolescents can be taken into account in when organizing personality-oriented training in educational institutions in order to maintain and increase the level of mental performance and academic performance of students. 

scholarly journals MÉTODOS DE NORMALIZAÇÃO, PONDERAÇÃO E AGREGAÇÃO NA FORMAÇÃO DE (SUB)ÍNDICE DE SUSTENTABILIDADE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-187
Author(s):  
Alexandre André Feil
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Library Search ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Aggregation Techniques ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Keywords Composite

The structuring of a sustainability index requires a transparent and reliable process, so that its results are the closest to reality and consistent. This study aimed at a critical analysis of the process of structural elaboration of the (sub) sustainability indexes, comparing its main disadvantages and advantages. The methodology used focuses on the qualitative through the technique of systematic literature review and snowballing. The keywords (composite indicators, index, sustainability, aggregation, normalization, advantages and disadvantages) have been inserted into the Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer Link and Wiley Online Library search directories. The main results show that the techniques used in the process of standardization, weighting and aggregation of a set of data in a sustainability index present indifferent weaknesses and limitations. In addition, the multicriteria aggregation techniques cover qualitative, quantitative data and their uncertainties, but they do not eliminate the weaknesses and limitations of structuring the sustainability index. Thus, they tend to be more suitable, but do not guarantee that the index generated reflect the complexity of the reality of the system that has been reduced. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study are related to the choices of methods and techniques in structuring the (sub) sustainability index, since even with the choice of the most adequate ones in their elaboration, they do not eliminate their fragilities and limitations. The originality of the study is the combination of the main methods and techniques of elaborating a (sub) sustainability index in a single document, in the Portuguese language.  

scholarly journals FORMATION CRITERIA AND INDICATORS OF GRAPHIC CULTURE OF BASIC GENERAL EDUCATION STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Альбина Алексеевна Темербекова ◽  
Гульфия Владимировна Байкунакова
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
General Education Students ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Graphic Language ◽  
Relationship Of

Рассматривается вопрос формирования графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, которая характеризуется навыками оперирования графической информацией и умением ее использовать в практической деятельности и осуществляется путем овладения графическим языком в процессе выполнения определенных учебных действий. Анализируя исследования в области диагностики графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, выявляется многопрофильность и многоаспектность процесса формирования исследуемого качества. Представлен ряд диагностических методик, которые определены в соответствии характером и структурой компонентов графической культуры обучающихся, описаны основные критерии графической культуры обучающихся основного общего образования, приведена взаимосвязь критериев и показателей. The article deals with the formation of a graphic culture of students of basic general education, which is characterized by the skills of operating graphic information and the ability to use it in practical activities, and is carried out by mastering the graphic language in the process of performing certain educational activities. The paper presents a number of diagnostic techniques, which are determined in accordance with the nature and structure of the components of the graphic culture of students, describes the main criteria of the graphic culture of students of basic general education, shows the relationship of criteria and indicators. According to each criterion methods and diagnostics are proposed: motivation of teaching and emotional attitude to learning, assessing the need for achievements, assessing the level of independence in cognitive activity, determining the level of culture of design and research activities, determining the creative abilities of students, assessing the abilities for self-development, self-education, reflection. Motivational criteria: interest in mastering the skills of graphic activity, cognitive motives; the need for achievements; motivation for achievement; formation of personal qualities (anxiety, emotional attitude); independence in cognitive and creative activities (graphic skills and mental operations). Meaningful criteria: knowledge of graphic culture; knowledge of graphic culture; knowledge of ways to work with information; ability to use graphic skills in creating an art project. Creative criteria: fluency; flexibility; resourcefulness, ingenuity; originality; independence, non-standard. Reflexive criteria: ability to self-education, selfdevelopment; ability to reflect; formation of self-assessment of the level of graphic skills.

What Is IQ? Life Beyond “General Intelligence”

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristof Kovacs ◽  
Andrew R. A. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
General Cognitive Ability ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Recent Account

For more than a century, the standard view in the field of human intelligence has been that there is a “general intelligence” that permeates all human cognitive activity. This general cognitive ability is supposed to explain the positive manifold, the finding that intelligence tests with different content all correlate. Yet there is a lack of consensus regarding the psychological or neural basis of such an ability. A recent account, process-overlap theory, explains the positive manifold without proposing general intelligence. As a consequence of the theory, IQ is redefined as an emergent formative construct rather than a reflective latent trait. This implies that IQ should be interpreted as an index of specific cognitive abilities rather than the reflection of an underlying general cognitive ability.

scholarly journals Neuropsychology of Illiteracy

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Cognitive Sequelae

It is proposed that analysis of illiteracy can not only discern the influence of schooling background on neuropsychological test performance, but also contributes to obtaining a better understanding about the cerebral organization of cognitive activity. Brain organization of cognition, and cognitive sequelae of brain pathology in illiterates are reviewed. It is concluded that: (1) cognitive abilities, as measured by standard neuropsychological tests, are significantly influenced by schooling background; and (2) educational and cultural variables may affect the degree (albeit, not the direction) of hemispheric dominance for language, and other cognitive abilities. A more bilateral representation of cognitive abilities in illiterates is hypothesized.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF READYNESS FOR PROFESSIONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF MUSICAL ART

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Tetiana Ageykina-Starchenko ◽  
Natalia Chorna
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Pedagogical Innovation ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Development Of Students

The article highlights the problem of implementation of pedagogical conditions for the formation of readiness for professional self-development of future music teachers.It defines readiness for professional self-development of future music teachers as a professionally important quality of a studentʼs personality.The article establishes pedagogical conditions that ensure the efficient process of formation of readiness for professional self-development of the future music teachers. They are strengthening of motivational foundation of professional self-development of students based on acmeological positions; implementation of competence approach to professional training of future music teachers based on pedagogical innovation; enrichment of creative potential of students in the process of involving in artistic and educational activities.The article substantiates experimentally tested methods of introducing pedagogical conditions for the formation of readiness for professional self-development of future music teachers, which include the value-motivational stage (development of the motivational component of readiness for professional self-development of students), cognitive-activity stage (formation of competence for professional self-development of future music teachers), creative stage (creation of conditions for maximum creative self-realization).It proves that the implementation of the proposed methods of implementation of educational conditions for the formation of readiness for professional self-development will significantly improve the quality of training of future music teachers. This conclusion is based on the comparison of the results of the control and experimental groups, as well as on the processing and generalization of the results. Keywords: pedagogical conditions, formation, realization, professional self-development, future teachers of musical art, approaches, methods, level of readiness.

scholarly journals PSYCHO-PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS TO INCREASE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN

2017 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
L. G. Dmitrieva ◽  
A. A. Nasyrova ◽  
N. A. Kolesnikova ◽  
M. S. Bunakova
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
School Students ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Primary School Pupils

The article is devoted to the role of increase of junior schoolchildren’s cognitive activity as an important condition for the development of cognitive abilities of  learners.  Psycho-pedagogical  support  should  be  focused  on  the  development of cognitive functions of junior schoolchildren, and psychologists and parents should be involved in this process, as well as the teachers. Traditionally, psycho-pedagogical support at primary school focuses on the child's adaptation to the new educational environment.  We  consider  that  a  child  needs  the  same  support  in  the  process of mastering  the  curriculum.  There  is  no  true  support  without  an  emotional involvement and empathy, and as a result cognitive activity of a child might suffer greatly. It was proven by empirical results obtained in an ordinary school, where no innovative teaching methods are used. At the end of primary school pupils have a significantly reduced motivation, teachers express no serious interest in problems of junior high school students. Not entirely satisfactory educational environment also could not provide a positive influence on the development of cognitive sphere. 

scholarly journals ПОГЛЯД ЗАРУБІЖНИХ ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ НАУКОВЦІВ НА ПРОБЛЕМУ МЕТАКОГНІТИВНИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8(48)) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Захарчук Тетяна Миколаївна
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Mental Operations

The article deals with theoretical concepts and approaches to the problem of meta cognitive abilities, psychological aspects of the formation and development of meta processes in adulthood and childhood. The views of scientists on the problems of the purpose of processes in psychological science are revealed. The peculiarities of the development of mental operations within the framework of metacognitivism are considered, based on the views of foreign and domestic scholars.

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