Enrollment in Distance Education Classes is Associated with Fewer Enrollment Gaps Among Independent Undergraduate Students in the US

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Cosmas Pontes ◽  
Nancy Marie Hurley Pontes
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Nontraditional Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Student Aid ◽  
Complex Survey ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative

The purpose of this research is to determine whether nontraditional undergraduate students in the US who enroll in distance education classes are less likely to have an enrollment gap (enrollment gap=part year enrollment). Previous research has shown that preference for distance education classes is significantly greater among nontraditional than among traditional undergraduate students; nontraditional students invariably have a greater number of competing demands (work and family) on their time. Since distance education courses provide students with more convenient and flexible class schedules, nontraditional students, who have time or location constraints that prevent them from enrolling in face-to-face classes during a semester or quarter, may be more likely to enroll in distance education classes in order to stay enrolled for the entire academic year. Based upon this rationale, we predicted that enrollment in distance education classes is significantly related to a decreased likelihood of an enrollment gap among nontraditional students. To test this prediction, we used data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey (NPSAS) conducted in 2008. The NPSAS 2008 used a complex survey design to collect data from a nationally representative sample of about 113,500 postsecondary undergraduate students in the US. Results confirm our prediction, and show that enrollment in distance education is significantly related to a decreased likelihood of an enrollment gap among nontraditional students, but not among traditional students. Results also show that five of the seven dropout risk factors (identified by previous research to decrease 6-year graduation rates) are each significantly associated with an increased likelihood of an enrollment gap. These results suggest that the offer of distance education classes could increase degree progress and possibly completion rates for nontraditional undergraduates who are at high risk for dropout.

scholarly journals Pre-school teaching students’ opinions on distance education: Preferences and emotional states

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 2901-2915
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sahin Akinci
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Music Lessons ◽  
School Teaching ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has created obstacles in all areas of social and daily life since 2020, has completely prevented educational activities and caused drastic changes.  Following the start of the COVID-19 restrictions, preschool education undergraduate students continued to take their music lessons with the distance education applications. It can be said that all of the students continued their distance education activities in these conditions with different socio-economic characteristics, physical opportunities and emotional diversity. In this study, which aims to examine the distance education applications offered to undergraduate students who have taken music lessons through distance education, in terms of their individual preferences and emotional conditions, 103 preschool teaching students took part as participants. The data of the research were obtained through the questionnaire prepared by the researcher and studied with the descriptive survey model. Some of the findings obtained in the research were that 60.2% of the participants’ would have preferred face-to-face education if they had a choice in the restrictions, and that there was a significant relationship between participants’ being psychologically impacted from the news they watched, their longing for their lives before the lockdown days and their economic status.   Keywords: COVID-19, education, music education, preschool teaching, distanced education.

P032 E-CIGARETTE AND CIGARETTE USE AMONG U.S. ADULT IBD PATIENTS: POPULATION-LEVEL SURVEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S62-S63
Author(s):  
Ryan Suk ◽  
Heetae Suk ◽  
Kalyani Sonawane ◽  
Ashish Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
The Us ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking can negatively affect treatment response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, especially among those with Crohn’s disease (CD). E-cigarette has been considered a safer alternative to delivering nicotine for IBD patients who smoke. However, given the recent large number of reported e-cigarette-related lung injury cases, CDC released an interim guidance update on those lung injuries. They also coined a term EVALI (e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury) emphasizing the possible harms in e-cigarette smoking. To the best our knowledge, we currently do not know the recent smoking habits in American IBD patients, especially when it reveals that e-cigarette use might cause serious lung injuries. Methods We used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for 2015–2016, which is a nationally representative survey for noninstitutionalized adults in the US. Weighted counts and percentages were estimated using survey design for the population-level results. We identified those who reportedly were told by a doctor or healthcare professional that they have IBD. We first estimated the prevalence of current e-cigarette or cigarette use among IBD patients. We then estimated the frequency of use (every day or some days) among the current users. We also categorized IBD patients into 4 groups by smoking type: those using e-cigarette only, cigarette only, using both, and neither. To see the characteristics of e-cigarette users, we stratified e-cigarette users by current/former/never cigarette use status. Results We identified 951 participants (population estimate: 3.1 million) with IBD. Among those people, 5.0% (95% CI: 3.1–6.9) was current e-cigarette users while 17.9% (95% CI: 14.8–21.0) was current cigarette smokers. Prevalence of every-day use and some-day use of e-cigarette was similar (2.4% vs 2.6%), while there was much higher prevalence of every-day use than some-day use in cigarette (15.3% vs 2.6%). Those who were using both e-cigarette and cigarette was 3.2% (Table). Majority of e-cigarette users were also currently using cigarette (63.6%, 95% CI: 48.9–78.3), while 32.7% (95% CI: 18.4–47.0) of them were former cigarette smokers. Only 3.7% (0.0–8.9) of them never used cigarettes. Conclusion While numerous studies show e-cigarette use is generally increasing rapidly in the US, we found that 5% of IBD patients are currently using e-cigarette. Almost two-thirds of them were also currently smoking cigarette and one-third of them were former smokers. It is possible that most of the e-cigarette users are still in the process of transitioning from cigarette smoking and thus using both types. We lack information on effects of using e-cigarette or both e-cigarette and cigarette in IBD treatment outcomes, as well as how e-cigarette use will complicate other health risks in IBD patients (e.g. lung injuries). We need further research on these effects to properly guide IBD patients who are in need of smoking cessation.

scholarly journals The Association between Stressful Events and Food Insecurity: Cross-Sectional Evidence from Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeromey Temple
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Survey ◽  
Complex Survey Design ◽  
Nationally Representative

A considerable body of empirical evidence exists on the demographic and socio-economic correlates of food insecurity in Australia. An important omission from recent studies, however, is an understanding of the role of stressful life events, or stressors in explaining exposure to food insecurity. Using nationally representative data from the 2014 General Social Survey and multivariable logistic regression, this paper reports on the association between 18 discrete stressors and the likelihood of reporting food insecurity in Australia. The results, adjusted for known correlates of food insecurity and complex survey design, show that exposure to stressors significantly increased the likelihood of experiencing food insecurity. Importantly, stressors related to employment and health approximately doubled the odds of experiencing food insecurity. The results underscore the complex correlates of food insecurity and indicates that conceptually it interacts with many important social and economic problems in contemporary Australia. There is no simple fix to food insecurity and solutions require co-ordination across a range of social and economic policies.

scholarly journals The incidence of nursing students’ perceived stress and burnout levels at a private university in California

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Reo J. F. Jones ◽  
Margaret M. Hansen ◽  
Mahmoud Kaddoura ◽  
Aimee Schwab-McCoy ◽  
Kirsten Tocchini
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Burnout Rate

Background and objective: Historically, there has been a paucity of research regarding stress and burnout in nursing students. However, during the past five years research focusing on the predictors associated with stress and burnout has been conducted. Continued research contributions to the nursing education literature are necessary due to the current 70% nursing burnout rate. The aim of this study was to explore undergraduate and graduate nursing students’ perceived stress and burnout in order to design a future intervention study.Methods: Pollock’s Nursing Adaptation Model served as a conceptual framework. Correlational descriptive non-interventional survey design was used to gather data from consented participants (N = 217). The Perceived Stress Scale and Maslach’s Burnout Inventory were provided. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparison t-tests (Tukey’s adjustment).Results: Students who spent more time per week on homework and studying for exams tended to be more stressed and cynical. Students enrolled in graduate level courses tended to be more cynical and exhausted. Undergraduate students demonstrated a stronger sense of professional efficacy. Students who spent less than five hours studying for exams per week reported more exhaustion, suggesting external factors may be influential. Certain recreational activities were found to be related to stress, cynicism and exhaustion levels, suggesting students with a recreational outlet may be better able to cope. Significant associations between students’ hours spent on academic work and family circumstances may provide an explanation of academic pressures.Conclusions: Our findings highlight nursing students having significantly higher stress and cynicism levels associated with the amount of homework and study hours for exams per week. Furthermore, students studying less reported being more exhausted. Collaboratively, nurse educators and students are wise to develop healthy interventions to enhance students’ health and learning. Reportedly, healthcare providers are experiencing burnout and unhealthy stress-coping behaviors. Educators are in a position to role model and educate healthy lifestyle choices.

scholarly journals Anxieties of secondary school students during distance learning in COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1170-1179
Author(s):  
Ali Haydar Bülbül ◽  
Gonca Demirbaş ◽  
Hatice Ferhan Odabaşi
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
School Students ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Keywords Anxiety ◽  
Technological Opportunities

As a result of increasing COVID-19 cases all over the world, schools continued to provide education distantly since the beginning of 2020. This immediate shift is considered as both a factor of anxiety and an area of anxiety. This study aims to investigate the underlying reasons of anxieties among secondary school students with regard to five dimensions: health-related issues, technological opportunities, domiciliary conditions, course-related issues and privacy-related issues. A survey design was adopted. The research was carried out with participation of 156 secondary school students of a state school in Istanbul. Data was collected through the Anxiety Sources Questionnaire in Distance Education developed by the researchers. The underlying reasons of anxiety of secondary school students is presented under five categories. The results revealed that students were mainly concerned about face-to-face exams; problems related to devices; isolation; their inefficiency to learn the content and sharing their private settings. Keywords: Anxiety; COVID-19 pandemic; Distance education; Secondary school students.

ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
PHILIP ADEBO
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Online Teaching And Learning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Us ◽  
Web Based Education ◽  
Online Web

AbstractOnline teaching and learning refers to education that takes place over the Internet. A significant number of colleges in the US and abroad are moving from the traditional face-to-face classes into fully online, web-based courses. Online education, often called distance education or web-based education, is currently the latest, most popular form of distance education.  It has recently become an integral part of many university programs. This paper provides a brief introduction to online teaching and learning.

scholarly journals A Reversal of the Association between Education Level and Obesity Risk during Ageing: A Gender-Specific Longitudinal Study in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woojin Chung ◽  
Roeul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Education Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Complex Survey ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization

This study aimed to examine and quantify obesity risk across different education levels during ageing using the dataset of a nationally representative longitudinal survey. A total of 45,391 observations of 9991 individuals aged ≥45 years were included in this study. Obesity was defined as a body mass index of ≥25, according to a guideline for Asians by the World Health Organization, and education level was grouped into three categories. Socio-demographics, lifestyles, and health conditions were used as covariates. Adjusted odds ratios and predicted probabilities of obesity were computed and adjusted for a complex survey design. With respect to gender, education level and age were significantly associated with obesity risk, and the association was stronger in women than in men. Furthermore, education level was negatively associated with obesity risk in the middle age in each gender. However, the association became positive in the old age, specifically among highly educated women. Therefore, policy efforts to reduce obesity risk and the resulting education gradients should be established based on studies considering their old age. Further longitudinal studies are required to examine whether these findings are valid in other socio-cultural or economic settings.

Social Media Use and Students’ Health-Lifestyle Modification in University of Calabar, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ntongha Eni Ikpi ◽  
Veronica Akwenabuaye Undelikwo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Health Lifestyle ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The use of social media platforms has over the years become a veritable tool for individuals, groups, institutions and corporate bodies for the promotion of health and wellness. In recent times, social media has become one of the most potent agents of the media through which health issues are addressed as well as generated and disseminated to different populations in society. The study was conducted to examine social media use and students’ health lifestyle modification in the University of Calabar, Nigeria. It sought to determine the extent to which students’ use of social media (Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp) influences the modification of their health-related lifestyles such as eating habits, sexual behaviour, cigarette and alcohol consumption, drug use and the engagement in fitness activities. The study adopted a randomized descriptive survey design and used a sample of 300 undergraduate students. The questionnaire was the main instrument used for collection of data while simple percentages and means were used to determine the difference between the expected mean of 2.50 and the observed means across various items in the questionnaire. The results showed that apart from Twitter, social media use by University of Calabar students has significantly influenced the modification of their health lifestyles. Since social media has become a veritable tool for the promotion of positive health lifestyle, effort should be made by government through the health sector to create more awareness among students and the entire population of social media users, on the health benefits accruing from use of social media.

Investigating the Availability, Accessibility and use of E-Learning Resources by Undergraduate Students in University of Ilorin, Kwara State

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluyinka Titilope Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Virtual Classroom ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Effective Use

The availability and use of e-learning resources in the acquisition and transfer of knowledge have been observed as a steering agent that facilitates the realization of major educational benefits in a developing economy. This study investigated the availability, accessibility, and use of e-learning tools by undergraduate students in the University of Ilorin, Nigeria, including the challenges limiting the full exploitation of e-learning resources for optimal usage and efficient e-service delivery. The methodology adopted for this research was purely survey design using the questionnaire approach as the main instrument for data collection. From the findings, limited availability, accessibility and usage of e-learning resources by the undergraduate students were revealed. The findings further showed that the major challenges hindering the effective use of e-learning resources amongst University of Ilorin students include lack of sophisticated e-learning resources such as teleconferencing, video conferencing, virtual classroom among others and high cost in the procurement of facilities that support e-learning. Based on these findings, recommendations are made towards addressing the challenges encountered by students in the utilization of e-learning resources in higher institutions of learning.

scholarly journals Examining Recent Trends in the Racial Disparity Gap in Tap Water Consumption: NHANES 2011–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Asher Y. Rosinger ◽  
Anisha I. Patel ◽  
Francesca Weaks
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objective As tap water distrust has grown in the US with greater levels among Black and Hispanic households, we aimed to examine recent trends in not drinking tap water including the period covering the US Flint Water Crisis and racial/ethnic disparities in these trends. Design Cross-sectional analysis. We used log-binomial regressions and marginal predicted probabilities examined US nationally-representative trends in tap and bottled water consumption overall and by race/ethnicity. Setting The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 2011–2018. Participants Nationally-representative sample of 9,439 children aged 2-19 and 17,268 adults. Results Among US children and adults, respectively, in 2017-2018 there was a 63% (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]:1.63, 95%CI: 1.25-2.12, p<0.001) and 40% (PR:1.40, 95%CI: 1.16-1.69, p=0.001) higher prevalence of not drinking tap water compared to 2013-2014 (pre-Flint Water Crisis). For Black children and adults, the probability of not drinking tap water increased significantly from 18.1% (95%CI: 13.4-22.8) and 24.6% (95%CI: 20.7-28.4) in 2013–14 to 29.3% (95%CI: 23.5-35.1) and 34.5% (95%CI: 29.4-39.6) in 2017–2018. Among Hispanic children and adults, not drinking tap water increased significantly from 24.5% (95%CI: 19.4-29.6) and 27.1% (95%CI: 23.0-31.2) in 2013-14 to 39.7% (95%CI: 32.7-46.8) and 38.1% (95%CI: 33.0-43.1) in 2017-2018. No significant increases were observed among Asian or white persons between 2013-14 and 2017-18. Similar trends were found in bottled water consumption. Conclusions This study found persistent disparities in the tap water consumption gap from 2011–2018. Black and Hispanics’ probability of not drinking tap water increased following the Flint Water Crisis.

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