An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Elicited Students’ Salient Beliefs Toward Critical Reading

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Nadia Anuar ◽  
Ahmad Mazli Muhammad ◽  
Zainudin Awang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Control Belief ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Elicitation Study ◽  
Salient Beliefs ◽  
Panel Review ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relevant Factors

Critical reading was named a key aspiration in the Malaysian Education Blueprint (2015-2025) and is an essential skill students must acquire. However, an increased number of students was reported to demonstrate poor critical reading performance at the workplace. Thus, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was utilised to examine students’ beliefs critical reading which encompass behavioural belief (advantages and disadvantages of critical reading), normative belief (identification of people who approve participating in critical reading), and control belief (difficulties in critical reading). A three-stage research design was employed. The first stage, elicitation study, was conducted as this stage has received minimum scholarly attention in the TPB literature and to ensure a more comprehensive analysis. The beliefs were analysed qualitatively, which was proceeded by expert panel review. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the validity of the salient beliefs. Findings from the exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis revealed that beliefs that were elicited from students in this first stage are appropriate and possess sufficient reliability and construct validity. Hence, the results of this study not only contributed to the critical reading and Theory of Planned Behaviour’s literature but have also identified more relevant factors that influence students’ perception toward critical reading.

scholarly journals Predicting Voluntary Exercise Training among Korean Firefighters: Using Elicitation Study and the Theory of Planned Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung Gun Lee ◽  
Susan E. Middlestadt ◽  
Seiyeong Park ◽  
Junhye Kwon ◽  
Kyoungmin Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Elicitation Study ◽  
Salient Beliefs ◽  
Cognitive Determinants ◽  
And Control

Background: Firefighters are required to have high levels of aerobic and anaerobic power because they often perform physically demanding work in dangerous environments. Therefore, it is important to find out salient factors influencing voluntary exercise training among Korean firefighters based on well-validated theory. Methods: The present study conducted an elicitation study to elicit salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about exercise training among Korean firefighters and identified salient beliefs that have a significant indirect effect on behavior through intention using structural equation modeling. Results: Although ten modal salient beliefs obtained from our elicitation study are similar to those elicited from previous TPB belief-based research with a focus on exercise behavior, only three of these (i.e., “improves my physical ability” (coef. = 0.078, p = 0.006), “takes too much time” (coef. = 0.064, p = 0.023), and “colleagues” (coef. = 0.069, p = 0.016) indirectly influenced exercise training behavior through intention among Korean firefighters. Conclusions: Our results may contribute to the literature by providing important information suggesting that three modal salient beliefs are major cognitive determinants of exercise training behavior among Korean firefighters and they may play an essential role in developing effective programs or policies for promoting Korean firefighters’ exercise training.

scholarly journals CORRELATION AMONG CAR DEPENDENCY, SOCIAL STATUS AND CAR USE IN JAKARTA

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Kharizsa ◽  
Sigit Priyanto ◽  
Ann Jopson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Control Belief ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Use Behavior ◽  
And Control

Aims of this research are to determine the prominent factor behind car dependency, examine the correlation between the factors that indicate car dependency, and the correlation between social status and car use in Jakarta. The primary question of this research is “What are the influence factors behind car dependency in Jakarta? Does prestige influence car use behavior in Jakarta?” By using Jakarta as a case study, the research applies Factor Analysis and Logistic Regression Analysis based on Theory of Planned Behavior. It used to measure individual’s behavior based on attitudes toward behavior, subjective norm, and perceive behavior. The result shows that factors of dependency in term of car users consist of the starting place, habits, and control belief. While factors on car dependency for car users on occasion are intention and control belief. Correlation between prestige and car use is identified based on attitudes and subjective norm. For car users, attitudes are influenced by higher degrees of prestige which is slightly contrary to people who use cars occasionally. Other indicators of prestige are car types which can influence people’s behavior in using the car. The conclusion which can be drawn from the results are no significant correlation found between car dependency and social status, but significant in the case of correlation between car use and social status.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF BRAND PREFERENCE OF COMMERCIAL THREE WHEELER PASSENGER AUTO RICKSHAW DRIVERS IN ADAMA CITY, ETHIOPIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-492
Author(s):  
Mohd Arif Shaikh ◽  
Devi Prasad U ◽  
Pagadala Sugandha Devi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Brand Preference ◽  
Scree Plot ◽  
Component Solution ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Relevant Factors

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to find out the factors that influence drivers of three wheeler auto rickshaw in their brand preference towards different brands of commercial three wheeler passenger auto rickshaw in Adama City, Ethiopia Methodology:  Primary data was collected from 500 auto drivers using a pilot tested questionnaire consisting of 40 questions. Cronbach’s alpha measure was used to test constructs reliability and in order to identify brand preference, exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis was conducted. Main Findings: PCA revealed that there are 11 factors whose Eigen values are above 1. A look at scree plot indicated that there is a need to reconsider the number of factors to be used for further analysis. This decision was supported by Parallel analysis and 8 relevant factors identified. This 8 component solution explained 64.25 % of the variance. Applications of this study: Identification of determinants of brand preference can be used by three wheeler passenger auto manufacturers and distributors in Ethiopia Novelty/Originality of this study: There is no study conducted on drivers brand preference of three wheeler passenger auto rickshaws in Ethiopia.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Subclinical Sadism and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Johnson ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. The Dark Triad is a constellation of three antisocial personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Recently, researchers have introduced a “Dark Tetrad” that includes subclinical sadism, although others suggest considerable overlap between psychopathy and sadism. To clarify the position of sadism within the Dark Triad, an online study was conducted with 615 university students. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that a six-factor solution fit the data best, representing Machiavellianism, psychopathy, physical sadism, verbal sadism, narcissism, and vicarious sadism. Furthermore, convergent validity was supported through sadism’s correlations with the HEXACO personality traits. The results support sadism’s inclusion within the Dark Tetrad as a unique construct but with some conceptual overlap with psychopathy.

Equivalent Factorial Structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in Clinical and Nonclinical Jordanian Populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzi S. Daoud ◽  
Amjed A. Abojedi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
General Psychological Distress

This study investigates the equivalent factorial structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in clinical and nonclinical Jordanian populations, using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The 53-item checklist was administered to 647 nonclinical participants and 315 clinical participants. Eight factors emerged from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for the nonclinical sample, and six factors emerged for the clinical sample. When tested by parallel analysis (PA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the results reflected a unidimensional factorial structure in both samples. Furthermore, multigroup CFA showed invariance between clinical and nonclinical unidimensional models, which lends further support to the evidence of the unidimensionality of the BSI. The study suggests that the BSI is a potentially useful measure of general psychological distress in clinical and nonclinical population. Ideas for further research are recommended.

A Comparison of Simple Structure Rotation Criteria in Temporal Exploratory Factor Analysis for Event-Related Potential Data

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Scharf ◽  
Steffen Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Factor Rotation ◽  
Rotation Methods ◽  
Simple Structure Rotation ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Abstract. It is challenging to apply exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to event-related potential (ERP) data because such data are characterized by substantial temporal overlap (i.e., large cross-loadings) between the factors, and, because researchers are typically interested in the results of subsequent analyses (e.g., experimental condition effects on the level of the factor scores). In this context, relatively small deviations in the estimated factor solution from the unknown ground truth may result in substantially biased estimates of condition effects (rotation bias). Thus, in order to apply EFA to ERP data researchers need rotation methods that are able to both recover perfect simple structure where it exists and to tolerate substantial cross-loadings between the factors where appropriate. We had two aims in the present paper. First, to extend previous research, we wanted to better understand the behavior of the rotation bias for typical ERP data. To this end, we compared the performance of a variety of factor rotation methods under conditions of varying amounts of temporal overlap between the factors. Second, we wanted to investigate whether the recently proposed component loss rotation is better able to decrease the bias than traditional simple structure rotation. The results showed that no single rotation method was generally superior across all conditions. Component loss rotation showed the best all-round performance across the investigated conditions. We conclude that Component loss rotation is a suitable alternative to simple structure rotation. We discuss this result in the light of recently proposed sparse factor analysis approaches.

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