scholarly journals University Reform of 1918: Establishment of the Continental Network of Scientific, Educational and Student Community in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-95
Author(s):  
A. A. Schelchkov
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
University Reform ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Revolutionary Nationalism ◽  
The University

The transformation of the university system in Latin America, initiated by the reform in Argentina in 1918, marked the beginning of a period of democratization and modernization of society. The university reform was the result of a stubborn and dramatic struggle of students against the clerical-aristocratic order in the universities of Argentina. Ideologically, the movement was based on radical anti-clericalism, on the ideas of the conflict of generations, the special role of the young, on the Kulturtraegerism, on the concept of Arielism — a term coined by Enrique Rodo. The student movement, supported by progressive intellectuals and left-wing political parties, almost from the point of its inception, created a network of contacts and solidarity with other countries of the continent, which showed its high efficiency in disseminating ideas, political programs, and forms of struggle. This ability of the intellectual movements to create cross-border networks of influence and activism is relevant today and not only in Latin America. Thanks to this, the reform spread throughout the continent with various and sometimes contrary results, somewhere very successfully, and somewhere met with fierce resistance. The further ideological evolution of the movement and its leaders led to the emergence of new ideological and political currents, such as revolutionary nationalism, which became the dominant political trend in Latin America in the 20th century world. The spread of revolutionary nationalism, the main ideologist of which was the student leader in Peru, Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, relied on the same network of youth structures that led to the spread of the movement for university reform. The reform movement also resulted in the emergence of powerful left-wing movements of the intellectuals, such as the Latin American Union, closely associated not only with the student movement, but also with the labor movement. University reform was not only a political, but also a cultural phenomenon that marked a profound change in Latin American society, which chose the path of modernization of all spheres of life. This work is devoted to the study of this process.

scholarly journals La Reforma Universitaria de 1918 y la actual trascendencia de la UDUAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Iván Rodríguez Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
General Description ◽  
University Reform ◽  
University History ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Latin Americanism ◽  
The University

ResumenTras más de un siglo del llamado “Grito de Córdoba”, que inició un movimiento de reforma universitaria en nuestro continente, es imperativo reflexionar sobre las nuevas luchas y debates en el campo educativo referido a los países de la región. En este artículo efectuamos una revisión de los principales ejes de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918, tomando en cuenta la necesidad de la reflexión y del estudio de nuestra propia historia universitaria ante los retos que nos propone el contexto social, científico y político actual. Al lado del análisis de un hecho histórico tan importante como la Reforma de Córdova, se efectúa a continuación la descripción general y las proyecciones del reciente encuentro de la UDUAL realizado en nuestra casa de estudios. Este organismo se constituye en una especie de radiografía permanente de lo que sucede en nuestra América Latina y el Caribe dentro del campo de la Educación Superior Universitaria. Palabras clave: Reforma Universitaria, Grito de Córdoba, Latinoamérica, latinoamericanismo, autonomía académica, UDUAL.  AbstractAfter more than a century of the Argentine University Reform of 1918, which started a movement of university reform in our continent, it is urgent to analyze the new struggles and debates in the educational field referring to the Latin American countries. In this article we review the main axes of the University Reform of 1918, taking into account the need to reflect on and study our own university history in the light of the challenges posed by the current social, scientific and political context. Alongside the analysis of such an important historical event as the Reform of Cordova, follows a general description and projections of the recent UDUAL meeting held in our university. This organism constitutes a kind of permanent radiography of the events in Latin America  and the Caribbean in the field of university higher education. Keywords: University Reform, Argentine University Reform of 1918, Latin America, Latin Americanism, academic autonomy, UDUAL.

Reform universities, revolutionize societies. The Expansion of a Latin American Student Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Natalia Bustelo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Student Movement ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
American Student ◽  
University Reform ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Student Demands ◽  
Student Intervention

The article reconstructs the student intervention during the first decades of the 20th century to link the University Reform, movement started in the middle of 1918 in Córdoba, Argentina. By highlighting the students’ revolutionary enthusiasm and the continental spread, the article seeks to show that the newness of 1918 was the inscription in the left of the student demands, until then in agreement with the oligarchic republics. So it proposes that the well-known Latin American and anti-imperialist identity of the Reform, as characterized by the historiography on the subject, only takes shape in the middle of twenty decade.

Leadership Training in Latin America

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Alice B. Lentz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Private Higher Education ◽  
Enterprise Growth ◽  
The University ◽  
Latin American Countries

Alice Lentz offers a brief view of the role of the Americas Fund for Independent Universities (AFIU) in relation to significant initiatives in various Latin American countries. In a region where the function and development of private higher education institutions is especially important, the focus of the AFIU's activities is on private universities' ability to provide trained business leaders with the skills necessary to meet the challenges of enterprise growth in these developing economies. She mentions in particular the strengthening of financing capabilities within the university, and the evolution of three-way partnerships among business corporations, AFIU, and universities in Latin America.

Robert Arthur Donkin 1928–2006

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN R. H. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Historical Geography ◽  
Early Research ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
The University ◽  
American Geography

Robin Donkin was an exceptional scholar in the field of historical geography, particularly concerning Latin America and the domestication of plants and animals globally. His early research was on the effect of the Cistercians on medieval landscape, and he held posts at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Brimingham. Donkin then lectured in Latin American geography at the University of Cambridge. He was a Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge and was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy in 1985. Obituary by Alan R. H. Baker FBA.

The Political Sociology of a Concept: Corporatism and the “Distinct Tradition”

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Howard J. Wiarda
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Latin American Studies ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Third World Development ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University ◽  
World Development

The field of Latin American Studies owes much to Professor Howard J. Wiarda, whose pioneering work on “corporatism” and political culture during the 1960s and 1970s helped establish a new conceptual paradigm for interpreting the persistence of corporately defined, institutional identities throughout Latin America, despite the purported triumph of the “Liberal Tradition.” A child of Dutch parents, his early travels throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America sparked a keen interest in the question of “third world development.” Entering graduate school in the early 1960s, Professor Wiarda gravitated to the newly emergent field of modernization studies at the University of Florida, where he received his masters and doctorate degrees in Latin American politics. It was a time of tremendous social ferment in Latin America and his early fieldwork took him to the Dominican Republic, Mexico and Brazil, among other places. In each instance, he found recognizable patterns that transcended geographic locations, patterns that seemed to directly challenge the predominant arguments set forth in the modernization literature at the time.

Latin America's Need for Regional Research Centers

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Felipe Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
American University ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The University ◽  
Powerful Incentive

The degree conferred upon me by the University of America with the concurrence of the 24 universities of the Republic of Colombia is a powerful incentive to the work of the Inter-American Development Bank in the field of higher education and research in Latin America. You will forgive me, then, if I take this occasion to mention the role of the Inter-American Bank as the “Bank of the Latin American University,” a role which has placed it in the vanguard of an impressive process of international cooperation for the modernization and decisive expansion of higher education in the Hemisphere. The $55 million it has loaned to 71 institutions in 17 countries bear eloquent testimony to an abiding preoccupation of the Bank in its brief years of existence.

scholarly journals Frequency and associated factors related to sexual addiction in medical students from 16 Latin American cities, 2016: a regional multicentric study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Christian Richard Mejia-Alvarez ◽  
Jhosselyn Chacon-I ◽  
Dayanne Benites-Gamboa ◽  
Niels Pacheco-Barrios ◽  
Giancarlo F. Castillo-Tarrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Sexual Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The University

Background: Examples of addiction problems that have been reported in growing populations are those related to sexual impulses and addictions. However, such studies have not been carried out in Latin America. The aim of this study was to characterize and identify possible associations of sexual addiction in medical students in Latin America. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out among the university students of a medical school in 16 cities; students of medical schools were interviewed during the first semester of 2016. To define sexual addiction, the multi-cage cad-4 test was used, categorizing individuals as possibly or not a potential problem. Additionally, associations with several social and educational variables were obtained. Results: In our study, 6% (221) of the 3691 respondents exhibited a possible problem of sexual addiction; men had 95% more problems (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 21-214, p=0.006), for each year of age it increased by 9% (95%CI: 1-18%, p=0.034 ), those who had a partner were 67%  more likely to exhibit sexual addiction (95%CI: 1.34-2.08%, p <0.001) and those who professed a religion present 44% less frequency (95%CI: 20-60%, p: 0.001). When adjusted for marital status, having children, year of studies, and the university where the respondent studied were not associated. Conclusion: Although the percentage of students who had problems with sexual addiction is minimal, screening programs should be created to find students who suffer from these problems, to avoid the possible consequences that may arise.

scholarly journals Changes and Conflicts in policy speeches on University Teaching

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Luis Alberto Malagón Plata
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Multiple Models ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Critical Thought ◽  
American Model ◽  
The University

This article considers multiple perspectives and notions about education that prevailed in the development of universities in Latin America. As complex institutions, universities have been developed following multiple models and through contradictory processes, maintaining ancient traditions and incorporating modern characteristics, to the extent that in contemporary universities it is possible to see the traces of previous models (medieval and modern universities). Accordingly, during the last century, the Latin American model of the university has been marked by conflict, but contrary to other analysis which see weaknesses in conflicts, this article concludes that the conflictive character of universities in Latin America has permitted the development of institutions where complex and critical thought emerged.

Latin America: Farewell to Dependency

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
V. Krasil’shchikov
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Latin American Countries

The paper deals with the problem of dependent development and conservative modernization in Latin America. Whereas external dependency has been the permanent feature of Latin American development since colonial times, conservative modernization can be treated as the essential effect of this development. Almost all significant reforms in Latin American countries began earlier than the own premises for them could mature, because they were the obliged responses to the external challenges and shocks the continent underwent. The social actors of those reforms were often interested in adaptation of the obsolete socioeconomic structures and relationships to the changed external conditions instead of their destruction and genuine social renewal. The cases of authoritarian modernizations in the Southern Cone countries in the 1960s–80s clearly illustrated such attempts of the ruling groups to go forward whilst looking back. The neoliberal reforms of the 1990s demonstrated, at first glance, continuation of this practice being a form of modernisation for the upper classes’ advantages. Meanwhile, as the author argues, these reforms were actually a “swan song” of conservative modernization in Latin America. The “left turn” of the next decade did not abolish external dependency of Latin American countries, but created some important premises for the rise of internally rooted impulses to endogenous development. The new social actors of this development, such as various NGOs and left-wing movements, began to emerge in Latin America. They propose own programmes of transition towards a knowledge-based, innovative economy. This phenomenon allows to suppose that some Latin American countries have real chances for technological breakthroughs in the future, and it will be the genuine deliverance from the model of a dependent, imitative development.

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