Lancashire County Council St Michaels and Carnforth Footbridges - United Kingdom

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Halpin ◽  
Lee Canning
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
County Council ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Alternative Proposal ◽  
The Uk

<p>Lancashire County Council (LCC) in UK are a forward thinking and innovative local authority with a significant number of bridges in their asset stock. They commissioned Jacobs to carry out a detailed options study for eight footbridges following concerns that were raised during principal inspections. The options report considered refurbishment and replacement options and the possibility of using new construction materials with the aim of maximizing durability and minimizing maintenance. The recommendations for all footbridges was replace them with Fibre Reinforced Polymer. LCC divided the eight bridges into packages of two according to their budget constraints and issued tender documents to contactors for the first two packages. The first package contractor has successfully delivered two replacement FRP Footbridges of 28m span over railway in Ormskirk. These are the longest simply supported FRP footbridges in the UK. The second tender package to be issued to tender was for St Michaels and Carnforth Footbridges at 37m and 31m spans. The Council wanted FRP Bow String Trusses for these bridges that crossed a River and a Canal respectively. Nothing like this type and scale of footbridges had ever been realized in the UK. This tender was won with an alternative proposal to replace these footbridges with an aluminium solution explaining to the client in doing so the risks and costs involved in designing and fabricating these structures in FRP would be significantly greater. These are the longest aluminum footbridges in the UK of this type.</p>

Seismic Performance of Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer-Concrete Bridge Piers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1480-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Xin Chen ◽  
Nawawi Chouw
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Structures ◽  
Future Earthquake ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Shake Table Experiments

This paper addresses the usage of new construction materials made of natural fibre reinforced polymer and concrete composite for future earthquake-resistant structures. The structure considered is a simple circular bridge pier. To evaluate the seismic performance of the structure shake table experiments were performed. To reveal the consequence of the magnitude of the ground excitation for the structure the effect of a gradual increase of the peak ground displacement is investigated. The results show that although external damage to the structure cannot be observed the bond between polymer and concrete is a significant factor that determines the performance of the structure.

The all-composite road bridge – a proposal for rapid urbanisation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Siwowski ◽  
Aleksander Kozlowski ◽  
Leonard Ziemiański ◽  
Mateusz Rajchel ◽  
Damian Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Frp Composite ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Composite Bridge ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Traditional Construction

<p>Technology and materials can help cities get smarter and cope with rapid urbanisation. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the approaches applied in evaluation of material sustainability. Many significant LCA comparisons of innovative and traditional construction materials indicate that fibre- reinforced polymer (FRP) composites compare very favourably with other materials studied. As a proposal for rapid urbanisation, the FRP all-composite road bridge was developed and demonstrated in Poland. The paper describes the bridge system itself and presents the results of research on its development. The output of the R&amp;D project gives a very promising future for the FRP composite bridge application in Poland, especially for cleaner, resilient and more environmentally efficient infrastructure of fast-growing cities.</p>

Interfacial stresses in reinforced concrete cantilever members strengthened with fibre-reinforced polymer laminates

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-jun He ◽  
Chao-Yang Zhou ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Interfacial Stress ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Interfacial Stresses ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Polymer Laminates

Fibre-reinforced polymers have been increasingly used to strengthen reinforced concrete structures. However, premature brittle debonding failures may occur at the ends of externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer laminates due to interfacial stress concentrations caused by stiffness imbalances. Although many studies exist on fibre-reinforced polymer-strengthened simply supported beams and slabs, the interfacial stress distributions in fibre-reinforced polymer-strengthened cantilever members are very different from those in simply supported members. Based on the assumptions of linear elasticity, deformation compatibility and static equilibrium conditions, the interfacial stresses in fibre-reinforced polymer-strengthened reinforced concrete cantilever members under arbitrary linear distributed loads were analysed. In particular, closed-form solutions were obtained to calculate the interfacial stresses under either a uniformly distributed load or a single concentrated load located at the overhanging end of the cantilever member. Existing test results on cantilever slabs strengthened by carbon fibre–reinforced polymer sheets were used to verify the model. According to the parametric analysis, the maximum interfacial stresses can be reduced by decreasing the fibre-reinforced polymer thickness, increasing the fibre-reinforced polymer bonding length and increasing the adhesive layer thickness, and by using less rigid fibre-reinforced polymer laminates with high tensile strengths. These results are useful for engineers seeking to optimize strengthening design parameters and implement reliable debonding prevention measures.

Environmental Evaluation of FRP in UK Highway Bridge Deck Replacement Applications Based on a Comparative LCA Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Wen Xiu Lin ◽  
Muhammad Abududdin ◽  
Lee Canning
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Highway Network ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
The Uk

Within the UK bridge engineering sector, fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) decks have been increasingly used in deck replacement applications. However, study on its environmental performance is limited. This paper examines the environmental credentials of this relatively new decking system by way of a case study comparing its life cycle environmental performance – in carbon terms – with that of conventional concrete decks. In order for the findings to be more general and informative, the bridge is assumed to carry an ‘average’ volume of traffic across the highway network where it is most likely to be present. Based on the results, areas for improvement are identified in order for this decking system to be more environmentally competitive. Uncertainties and limitations of the results are also discussed.

Overcoming austerity effects through local authority direct action?

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-122
Author(s):  
Janice Morphet ◽  
Ben Clifford
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Government Funding ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
Political Act ◽  
The Uk

This chapter deals with the application of austerity since 2010 as a political act designed to transform the way in which local authorities in the United Kingdom operate and are funded. It explains how the local authorities have been dependent on government funding as the UK is considered as one of the most centralised states in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It also recounts how the UK government in 2010 decided that the Revenue Support Grant (RSG) funding paid to councils would be removed through annual tapering to zero by 2020. The chapter probes the intention of the UK government to replace RSG with each of the council's retention of 75 per cent of the local business rates. It analyses the system of local government funding that operated until local government reorganisation in 1974.

ORGANISATIONAL TORTS: VICARIOUS LIABILITY VERSUS NON-DELEGABLE DUTY

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Simon Deakin
Keyword(s):  
Foster Parents ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Common Law ◽  
County Council ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Vicarious Liability ◽  
The Common ◽  
Uk Supreme Court ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Principle Of Liability

ON 18 October 2017, the UK Supreme Court decided Armes v Nottinghamshire County Council [2017] UKSC 60. The Court ruled that a local authority could be vicariously liable for intentional torts committed by foster parents against a child whom the authority had placed in their care. The outcome was not entirely unexpected. Less than two decades ago it would have been inconceivable. After all, isn't it the case that the common law does not recognise a general principle of liability in tort for the acts of third parties? And that in so far as it does, it holds an employer vicariously liable for a tort committed by an employee in the course of their employment? This is a very long way from the facts of Armes.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

National Astronomy Meeting, Portsmouth (United Kingdom), 23rd–26th June, 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Pamela Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Solar Physics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

Around six hundred astronomers and space scientists gathered at the University of Portsmouth in June 2014 for the Royal Astronomical Society’s National Astronomy Meeting (NAM). NAM is one of the largest professional astronomy conferences in Europe, and this year’s gathering included the UK Solar Physics annual meeting as well as attendance from the magnetosphere, ionosphere and solar-terrestrial physics community. Conference tracks ranged from discussion of the molecular universe to cosmic chronometers, and from spectroscopic cosmology to industrial applications of astrophysics and astronomy.

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