scholarly journals FORMING OF FALSE ANNUAL RINGS ON SCALES OF JUVENILE COHO SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH IN THE UPPER REACHES, FLOODPLAIN OLD WATER BODIES AND LAKES IN THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE KAMCHATKA RIVER

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 64-82
Author(s):  
V. F. Bugaev ◽  
G. V. Bazarkin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Kamchatka River ◽  
Floodplain Water Bodies

Structure of scales is investigated for coho salmon juveniles from several sites of their feeding in the Kamchatka River basin, from Pushchino (685 km from the river mouth) to Lake Nerpichye (at the mouth). The underyearlings begin their migrations over the river basin to individual plots soon after their emerging from nests, only part of them feed and winter at the spawning grounds (between Pushchino — Milkovo). A number of coho juveniles stay for feeding and wintering in the tributaries of the Kamchatka River, some of them migrate during spring–summer floods (mid May–June) to the old water bodies in its upper and middle reaches (near Milkovo, Dolinovka, Taezhny, Dedova Yurta, Lake Kulpik) and to the floodplain and lagoon–estuary lakes (Lake Kurazhechnoye, Lake Kursin, and others), having or yet having no scales. Aboriginal coho salmon never spawn in these floodplain water bodies, but the juveniles are observed there all the year round. After wintering, seasonal growth and forming a zone of closely-spaced sclerites of scale (ZCS) — annual ring start in early May or middle May (till early June for some individuals), both for coho yearlings and older juveniles. An additional ZCS (1st type) can be formed earlier on the coho scale in some lakes because of the feeding change. Besides, another additional ZSC (2nd type) can be formed on the scale of coho yearlings (1+) in the old water bodies at Dolinovka, Taezhny, Dedova Yurta, in the lakes Kulpik, Kurazhechnoye, Kursin, and Azabachye and in the Azabachya Channel (at the Dyakonovsky Brook) in late July — August because of seasonal changes in the feeding.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF «FALSE ANNUAL RINGS» ON SCALES OF JUVENILE COHO SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH IN LAKE KURAZHECHNOYE (KAMAKOVSKAYA LOWLAND — KAMCHATKA RIVER BASIN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 77-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Bugaev ◽  
G. V. Bazarkin ◽  
D. P. Pogorelova
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Pungitius Pungitius ◽  
Ninespine Stickleback ◽  
Kamchatka River ◽  
Summer Flood ◽  
Annual Zone

During spring-summer flood (in mid May — July), transit underyearlings of coho salmon, having or having no scales, migrate to Lake Kurazhechnoye at the lower Kamchatka River, where resident coho salmon never spawn. In this case, additional zones of closely–spaced sclerites (ZCS) can be formed on their scales because of feeding change (additional ZCS of the 1st type). Seasonal growth restarts and annual zone of close sclerites (annual ring) forms in May (or in early June for a part of juveniles) on scales of yearlings and elder coho salmon wintered in Lake Kurazhechnoye. In late July — August or sometimes later, other additional ZCS could form on the scale of juvenile coho salmon (ages 1+ and 2+) in the lake (additional ZCS of the 2nd type) because of their switching to feeding by fish (ninespine stickleback Pungitius pungitius, threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeateus, and smelt Hipomesus olidus). Rate of the sclerites forming was examined for the coho juveniles of age 1+ in Lake Kurazhechnoye in 2001 and evaluated as 8.52 days/sclerite, on average (one sclerite was formed in 9.18 days between June 13 — July 5 but in 7.86 days between July 5–23). 

scholarly journals FORMATION OF «FALSE ANNUAL RINGS» ON SCALE OF JUVENILE COHO SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH IN LAKE KURSIN (LOWER KAMCHATKA RIVER)

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Bugaev ◽  
D. P. Pogorelova
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Repeated Observations ◽  
Ring Form ◽  
Kamchatka River ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Summer Flood ◽  
June July

During spring-summer flood (in June-July). transit underyearling of coho salmon, having or having no scales, migrate to Lake Kursin at the lower Kamchatka River, where resident coho salmon never spawn. In this case, additional zones of closely-spaced sclerites (ZCS) can be formed on their scale because of feeding change (additional ZCS of the 1st type). Seasonal growth restarts and annual zones of close sclerites (annual ring) form in middle May — early June on scales of yearlings and elder coho salmon wintered in Lake Kursin. These results contradict to the earlier conclusion of G.V. Bazarkin (2003) that the coho yearlings have no additional ZCSs in Lake Kursin, though the same collection of scale was analyzed. In late July — August, other additional ZCS can be formed on the scale of coho yearlings in the lake (additional ZCS of the 2nd type) that is next after the well-differentiated first annual ring. Possibly, the additional ZCSs were omitted by G.V. Bazarkin because of the scale measuring with high magnification — 113 times, without preliminary evaluation with lower magnification — 35–50 times, when the boundaries of certain or uncertain ZCSs are visible better. Rate of the sclerites forming was examined for coho juveniles of age 1+ by repeated observations in Lake Kursin in 2001 and evaluated as 15.60 days/sclerite between June 9 — July 1, 7.52 days/sclerite between July 1–21, and 7.94 days/sclerite between July 21 — August 30; on average one sclerite was formed in 10.35 days. The results demonstrate longer time of sclerites forming than reported earlier by G.V. Bazarkin (2003).

Identification of sibling species in the genus Eucyclops from water-bodies of Ukraine and Russia using crossbreeding studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Monchenko ◽  
L. P. Gaponova ◽  
V. R. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Baltic Sea Basin

Crossbreeding experiments were used to estimate cryptic species in water bodies of Ukraine and Russia because the most useful criterion in species independence is reproductive isolation. The problem of cryptic species in the genus Eucyclops was examined using interpopulation crosses of populations collected from Baltic Sea basin (pond of Strelka river basin) and Black Sea basin (water-reservoires of Dnieper, Dniester and Danube rivers basins). The results of reciprocal crosses in Eucyclops serrulatus-group are shown that E. serrulatus from different populations but from water bodies belonging to the same river basin crossed each others successfully. The interpopulation crosses of E. serrulatus populations collected from different river basins (Dnipro, Danube and Dniester river basins) were sterile. In this group of experiments we assigned evidence of sterility to four categories: 1) incomplete copulation or absence of copulation; 2) nonviable eggs; 3) absence of egg membranes or egg sacs 4) empty egg membranes. These crossbreeding studies suggest the presence of cryptic species in the E. serrulatus inhabiting ecologically different populations in many parts of its range. The same crossbreeding experiments were carries out between Eucyclops serrulatus and morphological similar species – Eucyclops macruroides from Baltic and Black Sea basins. The reciprocal crossings between these two species were sterile. Thus taxonomic heterogeneity among species of genus Eucyclops lower in E. macruroides than in E. serrulatus. The interpopulation crosses of E. macruroides populations collected from distant part of range were fertile. These crossbreeding studies suggest that E. macruroides species complex was evaluated as more stable than E. serrulatus species complex.

Development of Dialog System Model for Eutrophication Control between Discharging River Basin and Receiving Water Body – Case Study of Lake Sagami (Japan)

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1821-1824
Author(s):  
M. Suzuki ◽  
K. Chihara ◽  
M. Okada ◽  
H. Kawashima ◽  
S. Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Expert System ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Receiving Water

A computer program based on expert system software was developed and proposed as a prototype model for water management to control eutrophication problems in receiving water bodies (Suzuki etal., 1988). The system has several expert functions: 1. data input and estimation of pollution load generated and discharged in the river watershed; 2. estimation of pollution load run-off entering rivers; 3. estimation of water quality of receiving water bodies, such as lakes; and 4. assisting man-machine dialog operation. The program can be used with MS-DOS BASIC and assembler in a 16 bit personal computer. Five spread sheets are utilized in calculation and summation of the pollutant load, using multi-windows. Partial differential equations for an ecological model for simulation of self-purification in shallow rivers and simulation of seasonal variations of water quality in a lake were converted to computer programs and included in the expert system. The simulated results of water quality are shown on the monitor graphically. In this study, the expert system thus developed was used to estimate the present state of one typical polluted river basin. The river was the Katsura, which flows into Lake Sagami, a lake dammed for water supply. Data which had been actually measured were compared with the simulated water quality data, and good agreement was found. This type of expert system is expected to be useful for water management of a closed water body.

scholarly journals Improved Hough Transform and Total Variation Algorithms for Features Extraction of Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Weiwei Du ◽  
Yarui Xi ◽  
Kiichi Harada ◽  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Keiko Nagashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Hough Transform ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Combining

Research shows that the intensity impact factors of wood, such as late timber ratio, volume density and the intensity of itself, correlate with the width of wood annual rings. Therefore, extracting wood annual ring information from wood images is helpful for evaluating wood quality. During the past few years, many researchers have conducted defect detection by studying the information of wood images. However, there are few in-depth studies on the statistics and calculation of wood annual ring information. This study proposes a new model combining the Total Variation (TV) algorithm and the improved Hough transform to accurately measure the wood annual ring information. The TV algorithm is used to suppress image noise, and the Hough transform is for detecting the center of the wood image. Moreover, the edges of wood annual rings are extracted, and the statistical ring information is calculated. The experimental results show that the new model has good denoising capability, clearly extract the edges of wood annual rings and calculate the related parameters from the indoor wood images of the processed logs and the unprocessed low-noise logs.

Seasonal Variation in Traumatic Resin Canal Formation in Chamaecyparis Obtusa Phloem

IAWA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Resin Canal ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Resinous Stem Canker ◽  
Traumatic Resin Canals ◽  
Resin Canals ◽  
Artificial Wounding

Trunks of Chamaecyparis obtusa were injured to examine seasonal differences in traumatic resin canal formation in secondary phloem. Even after wounding during winter, differentiation of axial parenchyma into epithelium was initiated, and vertical resin canals formed. After winter wounding, resin canal development was slower and the tangential extent of resin canals was narrower than after spring wounding, and it took one to two months until resin secretion began. After spring wounding, the sites of resin canal formation were the 1- and 2-year-old annual rings of phloem. In August, the location of resin canal formation shifted into the current and 1-year-old annual ring. Resin canals never formed in secondary phloem areas that were 3 or more years old. In C. obtusa trunks that are affected by the resinous stem canker, numerous tangentiallines of resin canals are found throughout the phloem, not just recent and 1- to 2-year-old phloem. The present research indicates that these many lines of resin canals were not formed at one time, and that the stimuli that induce traumatic resin canals must occur repeatedly over many years. The data on artificial wounding effects are useful for understanding resinous stem canker.

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