scholarly journals PALYNOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF WEEDY MELLIFEROUS (BEE VISITED) PLANTS USING LIGHT MICROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES FROM SOUTHERN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Fawad Khan ◽  
Khushdil Khan ◽  
Shabir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Pollen morphology of 10 different weedy bee foraged plants belong to 10 various families from Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were collected, identified and studied using light microscopy (LM). The plants were Asphodelus tenuifolius, Euphorbia helioscopia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Rhazya stricta, Datura innoxia, Eruca sativa, Convolvulus arvensis, Anagallis arvensis, Galium aparine, and Anethum graveolens. Slides for Light microscopic studies were prepared with the help of acetic acid, glycerin jelly and anthers of flowers. Pollen grain recorded ranged from monocolpate to hexacolporate and from psilate to echinate which were important systematic significance. Pollen size, shape, P/E ratio, exine thickness, number of colpi, number of pores, equatorial diameter, polar diameter, colpus width, colpus length, spines number, length and width of spines were examined with the help of light microscopy and all these values were analyzed statistically using software SPSS. This research provide a data to the optimal utilization of bee foraged weed plants by honeybees and identification of bee flora for the beekeeping business and honey production. Results revealed that weedy melliferous flora of study area is very helpful for botanical origin, geographical origin of bee species and adulterations found in honey.

Biogenesis of Catalase-Positive Rods in Excretory Duct Cells of Salivary Glands

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Dwight K. Romanovicz ◽  
Jacob S. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Excretory Duct ◽  
Exocrine Glands ◽  
Duct Cells ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Different Dimensions

The presence of catalase-positive rods (Fig. 1) of different dimensions, which frequently have a crystalline appearance by light microscopy, has been reported. They seem to be related to peroxisomes which were characterized morphologically and cytochemically in parotid and other exocrine glands of the rat by Hand in 1973. Our light microscopic studies of these spherical microbodies and rods of different sizes, stained by virtue of the peroxidatic activity of their catalase, indicate that they are almost entirely confined to the cells of the striated and execretory ducts of the submandibular gland in the mouse. The rods were usually noted only in the proximity of the ductal microbodies. The latter frequently showed a tendency to appear in linear close array, or even to be contiguous (Fig. 2). This suggested that the rods could be formed by the fusion of microbodies.

scholarly journals Možnosti zatiranja izbranih plevelnih vrst v Evropi z žuželkami

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Sergeja ADAMIČ ◽  
Stanislav TRDAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Ophraella Communa ◽  
Tyta Luctuosa

Weed control by insects is increasingly important, as chemical weed control (the use of herbicides) has an important impact on the environment and, consequently, on all organisms living there. The use of insects to control weeds thus represents an alternative to herbicides. The article presents the suppression of some widespread and persistent weeds in Europe with their natural enemies - insects. The following combinations presented below are: broad-leaved dock (<em>Rumex obtusifolius</em> L.) – <em>Gastrophysa viridula</em> (De Geer, 1775), curly dock (<em>Rumex crispus</em> L.) – <em>Apion violaceum</em> (Kirby, 1808), common ragweed (<em>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</em> L.) – <em>Ophraella communa</em> (LeSage, 1986) and <em>Zygogramma suturalis</em> (Fabricius, 1775), creeping thistle (<em>Cirsium arvense</em> (L.) Scop.) – <em>Cassida rubiginosa</em> (Müller, 1776), cleavers (<em>Galium aparine</em> L.) – <em>Halidamia affinis</em> (Fallen, 1807) and <em>Sermylassa halensis</em> (Linnaeus, 1767), common knotgrass (<em>Polygonum aviculare</em> L.) and black-bindweed (<em>Fallopia convolvulus</em> L.) – <em>Gastrophysa polygoni</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) and as the last one field bindweed (<em>Convolvulus arvensis</em> L.) – <em>Galeruca rufa</em>  (Germar, 1824) and <em>Tyta luctuosa</em> (Denis in Schiffmuller, 1775).

Candida – ‘the cancer of silastic’

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Ell
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Speaking Valve ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Microscopic Studies

AbstractCandida species have the propensity to colonize and erode into the surface of silastic causing a loss of function. Colonization of silastic tracheo-oesophageal speaking-valves is an important cause of valve failure post-laryngectomy: the exact nature of the colonization is unknown and light microscopic studies have not been reported previously.Microbiological examination of scrapings taken from the colonized oesophageal surface of failed speaking valves was arranged before sectioning for light microscopy. Conventional ultrathin sectioning of silastic was difficult, therefore 15 micrometre sections were cut after cooling the material to −30°C. These sections were then stained with toluidine blue; Candida species taking up the stain.Microbiological examination of the colonies confirmed the predominance of Candida species in the biofilm. Light microscopy of the 15 micrometer sections revealed that the Candida colonies had invaded the silastic.This work demonstrates that the colonization of the silastic valve prosthesis in the oesophageal area is due predominantly to Candida species which actively invade the structure of the silastic. This is an important cause of speaking-valve failure post-laryngectomy.

Quantitation of Human Platelet Transformation on Siliconized Glass: Comparison of “Normal” and “Abnormal” Platelets

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 521-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Rosenstein ◽  
L R Zacharski ◽  
R D Allen
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Human Platelet ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Large Platelet ◽  
Platelet Defects ◽  
Adhesion Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

SummaryA series of typical morphological stages, representing progression of transformation, may be defined following adhesion of platelets to a siliconized glass surface. Platelets are visualized by new light microscopic techniques that allow quantitative categorization of transformation of large platelet populations by morphological stage, and thus the detection and elucidation of platelet defects which influence transformation. Living platelets from each of five subjects with bleeding disorders, due to platelet defects, exhibited a pattern of morphologic transformation which differed from normal. In addition, the pattern observed with the platelets from a subject with Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia was sufficiently different from that observed with the platelets from four subjects with thrombopathy, so as to point to a qualitative difference in the activity of the platelets in the two disorders. These findings indicate that the analysis of platelet transformation in vitro through the use of light microscopy may allow for detection and further classification of platelet abnormalities.

scholarly journals Light Microscopy as a Tool to Evaluate the Functionality of Starch in Food

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Wioletta Błaszczak ◽  
Grażyna Lewandowicz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Supramolecular Structure ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Molecular Dispersion ◽  
Product Matrix ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
Microscopic Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Light microscopy (LM) is commonly used in the study of biological materials to determine the morphology of cells and tissues. The potential of this technique for studying the structure of food products is also recognized but less known. Especially rare are information regarding LM studies of the supramolecular structure of starch. The aim of the work was to fill this gap by providing data on the possibilities for application of LM in starch studies. It was shown that in spite of an enormous progress in the development of microscopic techniques, including both increase of resolution and improvement of image analysis methods, light microscopy still has a huge potential for starch studies. The advantage of LM over other microscopic techniques is the possibility of differentiating between amylose and amylopectin by iodine staining. That makes LM especially useful in the analysis of the process of gelatinization of starch, the extent of molecular dispersion of its macromolecules, and the changes in its structure caused by modification. Moreover, it can be particularly useful for studying the changes in the supramolecular structure of starch in a food product matrix, providing more information than scanning electron microscopy (SEM)–the most common technique used for these purposes.

SIGNIFICANCE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION IN ADDRESSING THE IMPACT DUE TO WEED INFESTATION ON MAJOR CROPS IN DISTRICT BAJAUR KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
Sana Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
The Impact

The current study investigated the impact of weeds on major seasonal crops in district Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The aim was to know the prevailing weed management system and encourage the farmers to integrate cultural practices with chemical control measures. A three stage stratified sampling technique was adopted to collect data from the selected respondents of through a well-designed interview schedule. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v 20) was used to analyze the primary cross-sectional data and the obtained findings were depicted in tables and figures. Descriptive statistics revealed that majority of the respondents i.e. 31.3% were of middle age with 63.9% illiteracy rate and 60.8% reported living in household size of 10 and above family members. Echinocloa crus-galli was the most invasive among Kharif weeds as reported by 26% respondents, while among Rabi weeds, Convolvulus arvensis was the most reported weed as mentioned by 21% respondents. The study established that maize and wheat are the main crops impacted by Kharif and Rabi weeds respectively, where mechanical weeding was the most applied control method adopted by 51.8% respondents, followed by chemical (42.2%) and manual weeding (6%) in the study area. Study observed a significant decrease in crops yield due to various weeds found in farmers’ fields. Effective extension services are needed to encourage farmers integrate cultural practices with chemical control management in order to get better crop yield and avoid environmental and human health hazards.

scholarly journals Arsenic in Soils Affected by Mining: Microscopic Studies vs. Sequential Chemical Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8426
Author(s):  
Jessica Álvarez-Quintana ◽  
Rodrigo Álvarez ◽  
Almudena Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
As Adsorption ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Soil samples from three inactive mines, corresponding to different Arsenic-bearing mineralization types, were collected and studied. The aim was to determine the influence of mine wastes mineralogy/geochemistry and texture in As mobility and to compare results from sequential chemical extraction and microscopic techniques (optical and electron) at a grain scale. Arsenic in soils is found mainly associated to the residual fraction, indicating that mechanical As dispersion is mainly responsible for As soil pollution. The use of objective microscopic techniques (i.e., Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy -SEM-EDS-, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy -HR-TEM) has pointed out that the selected sequential extraction method overestimates the role of Mn amorphous oxy-hydroxides and organic matter in As retention while underestimating the mechanism of As adsorption onto clay particle surfaces.

scholarly journals Low-fading immunofluorescence with propidium iodide contrast compared with immunogold light microscopy in whole cells and semi-thin cryosections.

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Jensen ◽  
N Broholm ◽  
B Norrild
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Simplex Virus

Conventional immunofluorescence produces excellent labeling but has drawbacks such as fading and the need for phase-contrast. Silver-enhanced colloidal gold probes allow counterstaining and permit permanent preparations with no fading if mounted correctly, but the most common limits of this technique are steric hindrance and the artifacts produced by silver enhancement. Our goal was to investigate Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) morphogenesis by immunogold cryosection electron microscopy. We therefore needed a sensitive and reproducible immunocytochemical light microscopic method to confirm the immunofluorescence results in whole cells and to screen the cryopreparations before the time-consuming electron microscopic studies. We report data showing that the use of p-phenylenediamine to retard fading and propidium iodide to provide counter-staining results in brilliant fluorescence and contrast, minimal autofluorescence, and invisible fading at least for 5 min exposures, even in preparations with weak antigen presentation. Storage at -20 degrees C provides stable fluorescence. This method is superior to silver-enhanced colloidal gold light microscopy in our investigations.

scholarly journals Efficacy Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Israelensis Against The Larvae Of Aedes Aegypti

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Murshida Begum ◽  
Homaira Akbar ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Humayun Reza Khan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Efficacy of aqueous suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelesis (Bti) was studiedagainst the laboratory reared 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Aedesaegypti. Mortality rates aswell as histological changes in the larval midgut due to toxic effect of Bti wereinvestigated. Several microscopic techniques were also used to identify the toxic effecton the mosquito larvae. The highest mortality rate (96.66%) was found in case of 3rdinstar larvae at 1.0μl/ml dose where LC50 value was 0.0097. Larval mortalities increasedsignificantly to A. aegypti as doses increased (p< 0.05). Histological study revealed thatcellular layers of the midgut epithelium were intact in control sample, but in case of theBti treated larvae none of these were found in the midgut, only bacterial spores wereseen. Results of the microscopic studies indicated that, among the six different coloniesfound in bacterial cultures, Bti spore, sporangium and vegetative cells were confirmedfrom one colony by phase transition and fluorescent microscopy. The Cry (crystals)endotoxins and Bti spore were confirmed by the SEM. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 33-44, June 2015

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