scholarly journals Social reality as the object of scientific knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
R. A. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Pluralism

The concept of social reality and the problems associated with its scientific knowledge are considered. Author considers three aspects of the meaning and significance of this concept to explicate it. The article analyzes the objective and subjective reasons that determine the theoretical and methodological conservatism of social and humanitarian sciences which is expressed in the ontologization of knowledge and the rejection of theoretical pluralism of scientific research. The article substantiates the basic principles of studying social reality in modern socio-humanitarian science which open up new perspectives of knowledge and transformation of the social world.

Constructivist Moral Realism

1998 ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
J. K. Swindler
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Moral Realism ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social World ◽  
Moral Law ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Realm

We are social animals in the sense that we spontaneously invent and continuously re-invent the social realm. But, not unlike other artifacts, once real, social relations, practices, institutions, etc., obey prior laws, some of which are moral laws. Hence, with regard to social reality, we ought to be ontological constructivists and moral realists. This is the view sketched here, taking as points of departure Searle's recent work on social ontology and May's on group morality. Moral and social selves are distinguished to acknowledge that social reality is constructed but social morality is not. It is shown how and why moral law requiring respect for the dignity and well being of agents governs a social world comprising roles that are real only because of their occupants' social intentions.

scholarly journals Historical Materialism

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Blackledge
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
The Real ◽  
Georg Lukacs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Theory Of History

Marx’s theory of history is often misrepresented as a mechanically deterministic and fatalistic theory of change in which the complexity of the real world is reduced to simple, unconvincing abstractions. Nothing could be further from the truth. Though Stalin attempted to transform Marxism into something akin to this caricature to justify Russia’s state-capitalist industrialization after 1928, neither Marx nor his most perceptive followers understood historical materialism in this way. This chapter shows that Marx’s theory of history, once unpicked from its misrepresentations, allows us to comprehend social reality as a non-reductive, synthetic, and historical totality. This approach is alive to the complexity of the social world without succumbing to the descriptive eclecticism characteristic of non-Marxist historiography. And by escaping the limits of merely descriptive history, Marxism offers the possibility of a scientific approach to revolutionary practice as the flipside to comprehending the present, as Georg Lukács put it, as a historical problem.

From paradise to brand

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-135
Author(s):  
Rainer Hülsse
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Image ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Considerable Body

Metaphors construct social reality, including the actors which populate the social world. A considerable body of research has explored this reality-constituting role of metaphors, yet little attention has been paid to the attempts of social actors to influence the metaphorical structure by which they are constituted. The present article conceptualises the relationship between actor and metaphorical structure as one of mutual constitution. Empirically, it analyses how until the late 1990s Liechtenstein was constructed as an attractive financial centre by metaphors such as haven and paradise, how then a metaphorical shift constituted the country more negatively, before Liechtenstein finally fought back: with the help of the new brand-metaphor and also a professional image campaign the country tried to repair its international image.

Scientific research principles of state financial policy modernization in the globalization conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Romanchukevych
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Initial Research

The article deals with the problems of scientific research of the modernization of the public financial policy in the context of globalization. The author identifies the main difficulties and problems of development and implementation of public financial policy and the principles of scientific knowledge in this field. Principles of construction and implementation of public financial policy are divided into 2 logical groups: basic principles, as well as special principles that take into account the peculiarities of financial policy implementation in a particular country. The author considers that adherence to the above principles will make it possible to build a truly qualitative financial policy of the state. Therefore, it is important to pay considerable attention to the observance of these principles and the observance of the basic principles (rules) of scientific research in the study of public financial policy. The author presents his own logic of scientific research of modernization of public financial policy in the conditions of globalization on the basis of interpretation of the content of fundamental principles of scientific knowledge, in particular also in accordance with the principle of unity of logical and historical. By adhering to the principle of objectivity, research can avoid or significantly reduce the risk of bias. This principle can be ensured, including by means of a clear justification of the initial research data, which should include a comprehensive disclosure of the positions of the previous financial policy studies of the state. The existence of an adequate information base for the study of the state’s financial policy makes it possible to take into account a set of factors that influence its formation and implementation.

scholarly journals Construcción disciplinar del conocimiento científico -Disciplinary construction of scientific knowledge

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (22) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Edgar Serna-Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social

En este artículo se presenta un análisis a la construcción disciplinar del conocimiento desde una perspectiva de la multidimensionalidad y la complejidad. Se hace un estudio de las dimensiones sociales que abarcan los efectos de la investigación científica sobre la vida humana y las relaciones sociales y culturales. En el desarrollo se cubren los aspectos socio-culturales de confianza, verdad y disciplinariedad, y del orden y la racionalidad del conocimiento científico, desde la perspectiva de una ciencia democrática y socio-responsable.ABSTRACTThis article presents an analysis of the disciplinary construction of knowledge from a perspective of multidimensionality and complexity. A study is made of the social dimensions that encompass the effects of scientific research on human life and social and cultural relations. The socio-cultural aspects of trust, truth and disciplinarity, and the order and rationality of scientific knowledge are covered in the development, from the perspective of a democratic and socio-responsible science.

Two faces of social-psychological realism

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Hoover Wilson ◽  
Julie Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Scientific Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Realism ◽  
Scientific Paradigms ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis commentary places Jussim (2012) in dialogue with sociological perspectives on social reality and the political-academic nature of scientific paradigms. Specifically, we highlight how institutions, observers, and what is being observed intersect, and discuss the implications of this intersection on measurement within the social world. We then identify similarities between Jussim's specific narrative regarding social perception research, with noted patterns of scientific change.

Knowing the Place for the First Time

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Erikson
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Time ◽  
As If ◽  
The Way

This chapter considers a third approach to the sociological perspective, which has to do with viewing a wholly familiar social reality in the way a newcomer, a stranger, might. It may be assumed that sociologists know more about the lay of their land than most others do. After all, they spend a significant amount of time investigating various corners of the social world, and to that extent they can be thought of as seasoned, knowing, and experienced about human life. At the same time, however, sociologists can be viewed as strangers to the lands they study, for it is one of their tasks to look at the social world almost as if they were seeing it for the first time. The chapter explains how sociologists may be newcomers to the locations they study and discusses the ways that they deal with deviant behavior.

scholarly journals Reasoning in Life: Values and Normativity in Georges Canguilhem

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1031
Author(s):  
Gabriele Vissio
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Social World ◽  
Human Reason ◽  
General Attitude ◽  
Georges Canguilhem ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Ontological Theory

AbstractThis paper aims at giving an account of the philosophy of norms of Georges Canguilhem in the framework of his philosophical vitalism. According to Canguilhem, vitalism is not a metaphysical or ontological theory, but rather a general attitude or a perspective about life and living beings, both understood employing the axiological concept of ‘normativity’. This notion allows Canguilhem to enlarge the concept of life beyond the field of biological phenomena, encompassing also phenomena of the social world, included technique and scientific knowledge and rationality. Canguilhem’s perspective relocates human activities within a vitalistic conception of life, which redefines the meaning of human reason by putting it in relation to values and norms.

ORDINATION RITES AND PATRONAGE SYSTEMS IN THIRD-CENTURY AFRICA

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Alistair Stewart-Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Third Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Church

AbstractThe principal purpose of this paper is to describe the ordination rites of third century Africa. Beside describing these rites, we shall seek to understand their historical growth through observing the manner in which their social context both represents a wider social reality and constructs a new social world within the church. This social world may be described as "contra-cultural", in that it depends on the norms of the wider society for its existence, whilst inverting the values of that society. The social world of the African church has already been recognized as discrete and separate, and church order has already been understood within contra-cultural categories. This article explores one facet of this phenomenon within the society of the African church, namely the manner in which patronage both supplies a social norm and is inverted within the church, and explores the manner in which ritual may contribute to the construction of this society.

Testy rzeczywistości. Narracje o zbrodniach w powieściach Jane Austen

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2 (465)) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Karlińska
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Jane Austen ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Reality Testing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

The aim of the article is the consideration of the way in which Jane Austen asks in her novels about the status of reality. The subject of the interest are the narrations about “crime” understood as the events breaching the normal social experience and revealing how fragile the reality is. The significant context of the consideration is the classical detective literature. The author proves that the work of Jane Austen can be characterized by the similar reflection on societies in which the project of social reality is entangled. Referring to the conception of Luc Boltanski, she shows that, in the novels of the British writer, crime is a form of “reality testing”. Austen casts in doubt the frames of reality and reveals the conventional dimension of the social life. Her purpose, however, is not to disclose the social world – she sees the possibility of its integration.

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