scholarly journals Happy Together? The Peer Effects of Dual Enrollment Students on Community College Student Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 000283122110084
Author(s):  
Vivian Liu ◽  
Di Xu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Community College ◽  
Dual Enrollment ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Community College Student ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
College System ◽  
College Student Outcomes

Nationally, 15% of first-time community college students were high school dual enrollment (DE) students, which raises concerns about how high school peers might influence college enrollees. Using administrative data from a large state community college system, we examine whether being exposed to a higher percentage of DE peers in entry-level (gateway) math and English courses influences non-DE enrollees’ performance. Using a two-way fixed effects model, our results indicate that college enrollees exposed to a higher proportion of DE peers had lower pass rates and grades in gateway courses, and higher course repetition rates. Supplemental student-level analysis suggests that greater exposure to DE peers during a student's initial semester in college reduces next-term college persistence.

scholarly journals Regional Effects of Perceived Risks of Harm on Cigarette Smoking among U.S. High School Seniors: Evidence from Monitoring the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9120
Author(s):  
Jorge Medina
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
High School Seniors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Monitoring The Future

Overall, there has been an increasing trend in the perceived risk of harm from smoking among U.S. high school seniors. However, these perceptions of risk have been falling in recent years. This study uses regional-level panel data from the Monitoring the Future survey and a fixed effects model to estimate the effect of perceived risk on three regional measurements of smoking behavior: consumption, lifetime prevalence, and daily smoking prevalence. Elasticity measurements at regional levels show that an increase in perceived risk decreases these regional measurements of smoking behavior. Moreover, the results show that, at regional levels, these measurements of smoking behavior are more responsive to changes in the perceived risk associated with smoking than to changes in the price of cigarettes.

scholarly journals School closures and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yamamura ◽  
Yoshiro Tsustsui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
School Closures ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractThe spread of the novel coronavirus disease caused schools in Japan to close to cope with the pandemic. In response to the school closures, parents of students were obliged to care for their children during the daytime, when children usually were at school. Did the increase in the burden of childcare influence parents’ mental health? Based on short panel data from mid-March to mid-April 2020, we explore how school closures influenced the mental health of parents with school-aged children. Using a fixed-effects model, we find that school closures led to mothers of students suffering from worse mental health compared to other females, while the fathers’ mental health did not differ from that of other males. This tendency is only observed for less-educated mothers who had children attending primary school, not for those with children attending junior high school nor for more-educated mothers. The contribution of this paper is showing that school closures increased the inequality of mental health between genders and parents with different educational backgrounds.

Does instructional video footage improve tackle technique?

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish A Kerr ◽  
Eric H Ledet ◽  
Ashar Ata ◽  
Jennifer L Newitt ◽  
Matthew Santa Barbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Instructional Video ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Video Instruction ◽  
Rugby Players

There is a high incidence of injury during rugby tackling. Tackle biomechanics are linked to this injury risk. The effectiveness of educational methods in teaching safe rugby tackling for players of various ages and experience levels has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that watching an educational video on rugby tackling technique would alter lower extremity kinematics and reduce cervical spine and head acceleration during tackling. Kinematics and kinetics of 50 collegiate and high school-aged rugby players were recorded while tackling an opponent in a laboratory setting. Movement of the lower extremity, upper body, and head were quantified with a motion analysis system. Participants were shown video instruction on tackling technique then performed another series of tackles. Data were compared pre- and post-educational intervention. A fixed effects model was used to compare the effect of repetition versus educational intervention. Skilled collegiate players tackled with significantly greater mean knee flexion angle post-educational intervention relative to pre-instruction, indicative of better technique. The fixed effects model indicated that video instruction decreased acceleration by a mean 51.8 m/s2 in collegiate players. However, the effect of repetition was shown to increase peak acceleration by a mean 11.2 m/s2. In contrast, the educational intervention resulted in an increased acceleration of 15.4 m/s2 for high school players, but the effect of repetition was shown to decrease acceleration by a mean of 5.2 m/s2. Experienced players respond as expected to video instructional intervention. Repetition may be more important for younger rugby players to learn effective tackling.

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis about the Effect of Bisphosphonates on the Risk of Skeletal-Related Event in Men with Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1604-1612
Author(s):  
Congcong Wu ◽  
Hua Jiang ◽  
Jianghua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Related Event ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Skeletal Related Event

Background: Although the adjuvant therapy of bisphosphonates in prostate cancer is effective in improving bone mineral density, it is still uncertain whether bisphosphonates could decrease the risk of Skeletal- Related Event (SRE) in patients with prostate cancer. We reviewed and analyzed the effect of different types of bisphosphonates on the risk of SRE, defined as pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, radiation therapy to the bone, surgery to bone, hypercalcemia, bone pain, or death as a result of prostate cancer. Methods: A systemic literature search was conducted on PubMed and related bibliographies. The emphasis during data extraction was laid on the Hazard Ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from every eligible Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). HR was pooled with the fixed effects model, and preplanned subgroup analyses were performed. Results: 5 RCTs (n = 4651) were included and analyzed finally after screening 51 articles. The meta-analysis of all participants showed no significant decrease in the risk of SRE when adding bisphosphonates to control group (HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679). There was no significant improvement on SRE neither in the subgroups with Metastases (M1) or Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (CSPC) (respectively HR = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.874 - 1.072, p = 0.536, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 4) p = 0.679; HR = 0.954, 95% CI = 0.837 - 1.088, p = 0.484, I2 = 0.0% (d.f. = 3) p = 0.534). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that bisphosphonates could not statistically significantly reduce the risk of SRE in patients with prostate cancer, neither in the subgroups with M1 or CSPC.

scholarly journals Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7150
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerisola ◽  
Elisa Panzera
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Holistic Conception ◽  
Panel Fixed Effects ◽  
The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

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