scholarly journals Nutritional Status And Its Impact On The Occurance Of Complications In Children With Acute Lymbhoblastic Leukemia During 1Stinduction Chemotherapy: The Experience At Bp Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Sushila Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Health Organization

Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients. It has been recognized as an important component to influence on tolerance to treatment, increased morbidity, poor prognosis, decreased quality of life and increased health care costs. Acute leukemia is the most common malignancy in children of which acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for majority of the cases (75%). Chemotherapy is the main treatment modality for acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL). Under nutrition can contribute to the incidence and severity of treatment side effects and increases the risk of infection, thereby reducing the chances of survival. Objectives: To evaluate pretreatment nutritional status (BMI) in children with ALL and its effects during first induction chemotherapy. Methodology: This observational study included sixty-two consecutive children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, admitted in Haemato-Oncology Ward of BPKMCH over a period of 27 months (15thy May, 2015 to 15th July, 2017) were measured for height and weight to calculate BMI for assessing nutritional status at presentation. Children were grouped into 2 group: normal weight and underweight usingCDC BMI percentile chart by World Health Organization(WHO). Day to day observation and documentation were maintained to identify any side effects and complications over a period of first induction chemotherapy. Findings of the study: Among 62 cases, majority were male (66%). Three forth of the cases were B-cell ALL. More than 34 percent of the cases (27) had under- weight (BMI< 5thpercentile). Effects like very severe neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, infections, musculoskeletal problems, severe pancytopenia, G/I problems were noted mostly in children with underweight. Conclusion: Baseline nutritional status negatively influences in the occurrence of complications during induction chemotherapy in children with ALL. The nutritional support has to be personalized according to the nutritional status of the single patient.

scholarly journals BCR-ABL1–like B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Jain ◽  
Anu Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Context.— In the 2016 update of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic neoplasms, BCR-ABL1–like B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL) is added as a new provisional entity that lacks the BCR-ABL1 translocation but shows a pattern of gene expression very similar to that seen in B-ALL with BCR-ABL1. Objective.— To review the kinase-activating alterations and the diagnostic approach for BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL. Data Sources.— We provide a comprehensive review of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL based on recent literature and the 2016 update of the World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic neoplasms. Conclusions.— Several types of kinase-activating alterations (fusions or mutations) are identified in BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL. The main categories are alterations in the ABL class family of genes, encompassing ABL1, ABL2, PDGFRB, PDGFRA (rare), and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) fusions, or the JAK2 class family of genes, encompassing alterations in JAK2, CRLF2, EPOR, and other genes in this pathway. These alterations determine the sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As a wide variety of genomic alterations are included in this category, the diagnosis of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL is extremely complex. Stepwise algorithms and comprehensive unbiased testing are the 2 ways to approach the diagnosis of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL.

scholarly journals Thyroid-Like Follicular Carcinoma of the Kidney in a Young Patient with History of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
William W. Wu ◽  
Julia T. Chu ◽  
Ali Nael ◽  
Sherif A. Rezk ◽  
Stephen G. Romansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Histological Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney (TLFCK) is a rare histological variant of renal cell carcinoma not currently included in the World Health Organization classification of renal tumors. Only 24 previous cases of TLFCK have been reported to date. We report a case of TLFCK in a 19-year-old woman with history of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This patient is the youngest with TLFCK to be reported to date and the first with history of lymphoblastic leukemia. The development of TLFCK in a young patient with history of lymphoblastic leukemia is interesting and suggests that genes involved in leukemogenesis may also be important for TLFCK pathogenesis. Recognition of TLFCK is important to distinguish it from other conditions that show thyroid-like features, as a misdiagnosis can result in adverse patient care.

scholarly journals The estimate of agreement between the three different classification systems for determining students nutritional status

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Pajkić ◽  
Radenko Dobraš ◽  
Duško Lepir
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Organization

The aim of this paper is to determine the agreement in assessing the nutritional status of adolescents using the classification systems of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Non-experimental observation was performed on a sample of 213 first grade high school students from Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, with an average age of 15.67 years, of which 89 (41.8%) were male and 124 female (58.2%). Each of the subjects was categorized according to a unique scale, as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese, using IOTF, CDC and WHO reference values. The Cohen kappa coefficient (k) was used to estimate the agreement of the three classification systems in determining nutritional status. The prevalence of underweight was found to be highest according to IOTF standards in both sexes, while the prevalence of overweight was highest according to WHO references. The differences between analyzed three systems are not large for the obese category, especially in girls. In boys, CDC references show a slightly higher percentage of obese compared to the other two systems. The agreement between the classification systems ranges from 0.83 to 0.86 on the total sample of respondents based on all nutritional status categories, which can be considered a reliable parameter for further monitoring, comparison and prescribing of measures.

scholarly journals Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Classification, Clinical features and Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Fatimah Kadhim Ibrahim AL- Mahdawi ◽  
◽  
Mazin Razooqi Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Leukemias are classified as lymphoid or myeloid, dependent on the type of stem cell that is affected. In addition, leukemia is classified as chronic or acute. Acute leukemia is a production of bone marrow-derived immature cells (blasts), include solid organs or peripheral blood. The FAB Cooperative Group original classification scheme proposed to divide1 ALL into three subtypes (L1 - L3). Currently, the world health organization (WHO), modify FAB classification depending on immunophenotype. Symptoms presence of anemia, splenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia, and those are naturally present at diagnosis, indicating the degree to which leukemic lymphoblasts have replaced the bone marrow and the first mark to an ALL diagnosis is typically an abnormal complete blood count result. Objective: To introduce causes of acute lymphocytic leukemia, recent classification methods, diagnosis, and symptoms and diagnosis. Conclusion: Acute lymphocytic leukemia occurs due to a defect in the bone marrow and is classified into several types. The most important classification by the World Health Organization is depending on immunophenotype. The main symptoms are the increase in white blood cells with anemia and thrombocytopenia. Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Blood

scholarly journals Correlation between Nutritional States with Hematological Toxicity in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Eka Puspita ◽  
Henny Suzana Mediani ◽  
Ikeu Nurhidayah
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Correlational Research

ABSTRAKStatus gizi pada anak dengan acute lymphoblastic acute (ALL) diketahui dapat mempengaruhi efek samping yang mungkin timbul setelah dilakukan kemoterapi. Salah satu efek samping yang sering terjadi pada anak dengan ALL pasca kemoterapi adalah hematological toxicity. Hematological toxicity adalah efek toksik yang ditimbulkan dari obat kemoterapi yang menyebabkan gangguan pada sel darah yang bila tidak diatasi dengan baik dapat menimbulkan kematian. Hematological toxicity sering terjadi pada anak ALL pasca kemoterapi namun belum menjadi perhatian tenaga kesehatan terutama perawat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pada anak ALL yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Desember 2016 dengan metode penelitian korelasi dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 198 responden yang diambil dari catatan rekam medis bulan Januari-Juli 2016 dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji Korelasi Spearman Rank (Rho). Hasil penelitian didapatkan 13 dari 17 responden berstatus gizi sangat kurus mengalami hematological toxicity dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pada anak ALL (p=0,015) dengan korelasi yang sangat lemah (r=-0,172). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pasca kemoterapi pada anak LLA yang menjalani kemoterapi. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya pengkajian status gizi dan monitoring tanda-tanda hematological toxicity untuk mencegah terjadinya efek buruk akibat dari pengobatan kemoterapi pada anak dengan ALL. ABSTRACTAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children and one of the leading causes of death in children. Many factors affect the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one of which is the nutritional status. Nutrition status in children with acute lymphoblastic acute is known to affect side effects that arise after chemotherapy. One of the side effects which often occur in children with ALL post chemotherapy was hematological toxicity. Hematological toxicity was one of the side effect chemotherapy if not treated properly can caused death. The aimed of this research was to analyze the correlation of nutritional status with hematological toxicity on children with ALL in chemotherapy. This study was done in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung in December 2016 with correlational research was performed with retrospective approach. 198 respondents were selected using purposive sampling taken from medical records during January-July in 2016. Data was analyzed using Spearman Rank Correlation Test (Rho). The study showed that 17 children with ALL were categorized in very thin (86,7%) suffered from hematological toxicity thus discovered significant correlation between nutritional status pre chemotherapy and hematological toxicity post chemotherapy in children with ALL (p=0,015) for a very weak correlation (r=-0,172). The conclusion in this study researched was that nutritional stated chemotherapy was correlated with hematological toxicity after chemotherapy in children with ALL. Therefore, assessment of nutritional status in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be done especially when chemotherapy treatment is being taken to minimize the occurrence of hematological toxicity 

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Bacterial Infections during Induction Chemotherapy in Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Analysis of the Graall-2005 Study

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 2777-2777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fressia Honeyman ◽  
Emmanuelle Tavernier ◽  
Valentine Richez ◽  
Thibaut Leguay ◽  
Fabien Tinquaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Background : Bacterial infections (BI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients treated for hematological malignancies, especially those with acute myeloblastic leukemia or receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite severe neutropenia and prolonged treatment with corticosteroids, there are little published data on BI during induction chemotherapy in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Between 2006 and 2014, 787 adult patients were included in the GRAALL-2005 study, a prospective, randomized and multicenter phase III trial for patients newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative B-cell precursor (BCP) or T-cell ALL. We retrospectively reviewed the occurrence of BI during induction treatment in these patients. Patients and Methods: The GRAALL-2005 study evaluated the value of hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide in the whole study population and of rituximab in patients with CD20+ BCP-ALL. All patients received a 5-drug induction therapy with corticosteroids (prednisone) for 21 days, associated with vincristine, daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide and L-asparaginase. A broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment effective on Gram-negative and positive germs was recommended when the neutrophil count was less than 0.5 G/L. Pneumocystis prophylaxis was made by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine. Results: During induction chemotherapy, 270 of the 787 patients (34.3%) experienced a total of 376 BI episodes (1.4 BI episodes per patient). The BI incidence rate was higher in the subgroup of patients combining hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide and rituximab as compared to those who received standard-dose cyclophosphamide and no rituximab (40.7% versus 29.5%; p=0.098). The median time from the first day of induction therapy to BI diagnosis was 10 days (range, 7-14). The infection was considered as serious in 58 patients, with a diagnosis of septic shocks in 57. Forty-one patients were transferred in intensive care unit. At 50 days after induction initiation, 22 patients had died from BI: 8.1% of patients with BI and 2.8% of all patients. Bloodstream was the most common site (82.7%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (6.5%) and lungs (6.5%). In less than 2% of cases, skin and soft tissues, central venous catheter, or urinary tract was concerned. Infections with Gram-positive cocci predominated as the etiology of microbiologically documented infections (46.9%), more specifically coagulase-negative Staphylococci. E. coli and Pseudomonas species were the most common Gram-negative organisms (40.5%). The patients received a median number of 3 antibiotics. The first-line was a monotherapy in 57% of cases, with the predominant use of betalactam. In one-third of the cases, it was betalactam in combination with aminoglycoside or glycopeptide. More than 2 antibiotics were prescribed in 12% of cases. Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy in adults with ALL is associated with a high incidence of bacterial infections and a significant related mortality. To our knowledge, this report is the only large adult ALL study dealing with bacterial infectious complications during induction chemotherapy. Despite an intensely myelosuppressive chemotherapy regimen, the infection-related mortality seems to be lower than that reported during induction in acute myeloid leukemia. Predictive risk factors for bacterial infections have to be analyzed, as well as prophylactic/empirical antibiotic strategies in order to improve care for this subset of patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document