scholarly journals Conception and Clinical Efficacy of an Osmotic, Polymeric, Stable Nasal Filmogen Barrier for Preventive Treatment of Allergen and Pollution Induced Rhinitis and Respiratory Symptoms

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Ravi Shrivastava ◽  
Rémi Shrivastava ◽  
Nathalie Maneby ◽  
Gilles Giroir ◽  
Marjorie Georges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Test Product ◽  
Fel D 1 ◽  
Amb A 1

Background: Pollution induced allergic rhinitis and respiratory symptoms is becoming a major health problem in the world for which still there is no safe and preventive treatment. Objectives: Conceive and evaluate the allergen preventive properties and clinical efficacy of an osmotic, polymeric, stable filmogen spray, called PCNS. Materials and Methods: Amb A 1 (ragweed), Der P 1 and 2 (dust mite), Bet v 1 (birch), Alt a 1 (Alternaria, fungus), and Fel d 1 (cat dander) allergens were exposed at a concentration of 5µg/ml (20 µl per tube) on the polymeric test product film (120 and 240µl layer) and the allergens crossing the barrier were quantified in the agar gel beneath the film. 0.40% HPMC and PBS solutions, tested identically, served as controls. Clinical efficacy of PCNS nasal spray was evaluated in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and/or respiratory symptoms (29 in test product v/s 15 in saline controls) for 22 days. Nasal, ocular, respiratory symptoms and Rhino conjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) were measured. Statistical analyses: The normality of the populations was determined by the Shapiro-Wilk test, then statistical analysis was performed by two-tailed Student’s test for comparisons between two groups and the two-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Bonferroni’s test for comparisons of multiple groups. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The analyses were performed with the software GraphPad Prism (version 8.4.2, La Jolla, USA). NS indicates not significant. Results: PCNS polymeric spray blocked the diffusion of all the allergens while 0.40% HPMC was able to prevent diffusion of only Alt a 1 and Fel d 1 allergens. Mean reflective total nasal symptom scores (rTNSS), reflective total ocular symptom score (rTOSS), and respiratory symptoms including effect on wheezing, cough, dyspnea, and chest tightness were moderately improved in the control saline group, but the improvements were nearly twice better in the PCNS group. RQLQ was improved by 23% in saline spray v/s 46% PCNS group. 4/15 patients in saline group v/s 1/29 in PCNS group required rescue medication during the study. PCNS was highly effective in reducing allergen and pollution induced respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: a polymeric, osmotic, and stable nasal barrier against pollutants and allergens represents an innovative approach against pollution induced respiratory symptoms.

Galcanezumab for the prevention of migraine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M Frerichs ◽  
Deborah I Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

Migraine is a common and disabling disorder affecting approximately 1.02 billion people worldwide. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been identified as playing an important role in the pathophysiology of migraine and several migraine-specific therapies targeting the CGRP ligand or its receptor have been approved since 2018 for the acute and preventive treatment of migraine. This review focuses on the pharmacology, clinical efficacy and safety/tolerability of galcanezumab, an anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody approved for the prevention of migraine.

scholarly journals Intralymphatic immunotherapy with tyrosine-adsorbed allergens: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jung Park ◽  
Sae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Yoo Seob Shin ◽  
Chul Hwan Park ◽  
Eun-Suk Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Medication Score ◽  
Allergen Extracts

Abstract Background Most previous studies used aluminum hydroxide-absorbed allergen extracts in evaluating the potential therapeutic roles of intralymphatic allergen-specific immunotherapy (ILAIT). In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and safety of ILAIT with L-tyrosine-adsorbed allergen extracts of Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus, cat, dog, or mixtures thereof, in patients with allergic rhinitis induced by these allergens. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, study subjects received three intralymphatic injections of L-tyrosine-adsorbed allergen extracts (active group) or saline (placebo group) at 4-week intervals. Results Although ILAIT reduced daily medication use and skin reactivity to HDM and cat allergens at 4 months after treatment, overall symptom score on a visual analog scale (VAS), sinonasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20), rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ), daily symptom score (dSS), daily medication score (dMS), daily symptom medication score (dSMS), nasal reactivity to HDM allergen, and basophil activity to HDM, cat, and dog allergens at 4 months and 1 year after treatment were similar between the treatment and control groups. Intralymphatic injection was more painful than a venous puncture, and pain at the injection site was the most frequent local adverse event (12.8%); dyspnea and wheezing were the most common systemic adverse events (5.3%). Conclusions ILAIT with L-tyrosine-adsorbed allergen extracts does not exhibit profound therapeutic efficacy in allergic rhinitis and can provoke moderate-to-severe systemic reactions and cause pain at the injection site. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02665754; date of registration: 28 January 2016

Cough as the sole manifestation of airway hyperreactivity

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 680-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Frans ◽  
J Van Den Eeckhaut
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Bronchial Reactivity ◽  
Inhaled Steroids ◽  
Reactivity Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Predominantly Female

Abstract The authors report 18 patients who presented to the ENT department with isolated cough, which had begun one month to 14 years previously. As the ENT examination was negative, the patients were referred to the Department of General Medicine where a bronchial reactivity test with acetylcholine was found to be positive, leading to a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity. The group was predominantly female (15/18) and atopy was rare; indeed, only one patient, who had a history of allergic rhinitis, was found to be atopic. Bronchodilators and inhaled steroids cured or helped the cough in 16/18 patients. When a patient presents with chronic cough without other respiratory symptoms it is important to consider a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity and to confirm this with a challenge test of bronchoconstriction

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of Tomato Extract for Perennial Allergic Rhinitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mineka Yoshimura ◽  
Tadao Enomoto ◽  
Yoshihiro Dake ◽  
Yoshiaki Okuno ◽  
Hiroki Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Tomato Extract

scholarly journals High and low doses of clarithromycin treatment are associated with different clinical efficacies and immunomodulatory properties in chronic rhinosinusitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Fan ◽  
R Xu ◽  
H Hong ◽  
Q Luo ◽  
W Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Cytokine Levels

AbstractBackground:Low-dose clarithromycin has been recommended for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. However, it is uncertain whether a high dose of clarithromycin is more effective than a low dose.Methods:Forty-three chronic rhinosinusitis patients were randomised to low-dose or high-dose clarithromycin groups, and clinical efficacy was evaluated. Pre- and post-treatment measures included: nasal symptom assessment, endoscopic inspection (Lund–Kennedy system), a quality of life questionnaire (the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20) and examination of cytokine levels (interleukin-5 and -8) in nasal secretions.Results:The high dose of clarithromycin was significantly better in terms of clinical efficacy than the low dose for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (p < 0.025). Significant differences in nasal cytokine levels (interleukin-5 and -8) were also observed between the low-dose and high-dose groups after short-term clarithromycin treatment (p < 0.025).Conclusion:Short-term, high-dose clarithromycin appears to be more effective for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis than low-dose clarithromycin.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF RAGWEED POLLINOSIS IN THE SAMARA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-926
Author(s):  
N. N. Zhukova ◽  
M. V. Manzhos ◽  
L. R. Khabibulina ◽  
E. Yu. Syrtsova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ambrosia Trifida ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Amb A 1 ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Time Changes

Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are widespread respiratory allergic diseases. In some territories of the Russian Federation, the dominant cause of pollinosis is ragweed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of ASIT with the allergen Ambrosia artemisiifolia in patients sensitized to Ambrosia trifida in the Samara region. Patients with proven sensitization to Ambrosia trifida was held immunotherapy with Ambrosia artemisiifolia allergoid preseason. After treatment, patients had a decrease in the severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis according to VAS (p = 0.00001), a decrease in the need for medications (p = 0.0003), as well as the need for corticosteroids against the background of therapy from 34.6% to 0% (p = 0.00001). In 8% of cases, the result of treatment was good, in 69% satisfactory, in 23% unsatisfactory. In the control group, there were no changes in the severity of symptoms (p = 0.858). Also, in the control group, the need for medications remained unchanged and 14.3% of patients continued to use corticosteroids.After ASIT, there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 (p = 0.002), and a decrease in the ratio of IL-4/ IL-10 (p = 0.0063); at the same time, changes in the level of other cytokines (IL-10; IFNγ) were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Before treatment, the levels of IL-4/ IL-10 in both groups were comparable, and after treatment, the differences became statistically significant (p = 0.031). We did not get a statistically significant change in the level of IgG4 Amb a 1 or IgG4 Amb trifida. There was no correlation between the level of individual cytokines and the results of treatment. As a result of the conducted ASIT, positive clinical and immunological results were obtained. In most patients, the disease has acquired a controlled course. At the same time, the lack of excellent and low number of good results of ASIT is probably due to the intraspecific allergenic properties of ragweed. 

scholarly journals Efektivitas salin hipertonik terhadap waktu transpor mukosiliar dan skor gejala hidung penderita rinitis alergi

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Woro Safitri ◽  
Dwi Reno Pawarti ◽  
Titiek Hidayati Ahadiah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Total Nasal Symptom Score ◽  
The Mean

Latar belakang: Rinitis alergi (RA) adalah suatu penyakit inflamasi mukosa hidung yang diperantara oleh imunoglobulin E (IgE), setelah mukosa hidung terpapar alergen. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi efektivitas cuci hidung salin hipertonik terhadap waktu transpor mukosiliar dan skor gejala hidung total (SGHT) pada penderita RA. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli hingga Desember 2016 di Poli Telinga Hidung Tenggorok – Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Uji klinis acak terkontrol pada 2 kelompok dengan desain control group in clinical trial. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling. Uji korelasi yang digunakan adalah uji t berpasangan dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Didapatkan sampel 42 penderita, yaitu 21 penderita pada kelompok loratadin, serta 21 penderita pada kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik. Didapatkan rerata penurunan transpor mukosiliar kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik lebih bermakna daripada kelompok loratadin (p=0,001). Penurunan transpor mukosiliar kelompok loratadin didapatkan rerata -2,30 (SD=2,77), kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik didapatkan rerata -6,27 (SD=3,91). Penurunan SGHT kelompok loratadin didapatkan rerata -2,48 (SD=1,72), sedangkan kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik didapatkan rerata -4,3 (SD=1,20). Kesimpulan: Penambahan cuci hidung salin hipertonik pada terapi loratadin lebih efektif dibandingkan terapi tunggal loratadin dalam menurunkan transpor mukosiliar dan SGHT pada penderita RA. Kata kunci: Loratadin, cuci hidung salin hipertonik, transpor mukosiliar, skor gejala hidung total, rinitis alergi ABSTRACT Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a nasal mucous membrane inflamatory which mediated by Imunoglobulin E (IgE) after allergen exposure in nasal mucosa. Purpose: To identify the effectiveness of nasal hypertonic saline irrigation on reduction of mucociliary transport time (MCTT) and total nasal symptom score (TNSS) in AR patients. Methods: The was conducted from July until December 2016 in Oto Rhino Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The study was randomized controlled clinical trials on two groups, with the control group in clinical trial design. Paired t and Wilcoxon test was used as the correlation test. Results: There was 42 patients, 21 patients in loratadine group, and 21 patients in loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group. The average of mucociliary transport time decrease of loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group was more significant than loratadine group (p=0.001). The mean of decreasing mucociliary transport time in loratadine group was -2.30 (SD=2.77) and loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group was -6.27 (SD=3.91). The mean of decreasing TNSS in loratadin group was -2.48 (SD=1.72), and loratadin with hypertonic nasal saline group was -4.3 (SD=1.20). Conclusions: The addition of hypertonic nasal saline in loratadine was more effective, compared to monotherapy of loratadine in decreasing mucociliary transport time and TNSS in patient with AR. Keywords: Loratadine, hypertonic nasal saline, mucociliary transport, total nasal symptom score, allergic rhinitis

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