In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of the Methanol and Ethanol Extracts of Pistacia atlantica Desf from Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-333
Author(s):  
Z. Khiya ◽  
Y. Oualcadi ◽  
A. Gamar ◽  
S. Amalich ◽  
F. Berrekhis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Reducing Ability

The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the extracts of Pistacia atlantica collected in the Khenifra region (Morocco) in 2016. Different methods were used to study these extract: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, the phosphomolybdate method for determining the total antioxidant capacity, and the electrochemical method for cyclic voltammetry were employed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Phytochemical screening helped us to highlight the presence of secondary metabolites. The extraction of the phenolic compounds was carried out by the Soxhlet method in the presence of different mixtures solvents (ethanol/water and methanol/water); the fractions of the different extracts were affected using ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The dosage results showed that the ethanolic extract was rich in total phenols (260.4 mg GAE/g of the extract) and in total flavonoids (129.15 mg QE/g of the extract), while the butanolic fraction was rich in condensed tannin (50.96 mg CE/g of the extract). The qualitative analysis was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The main compounds that were identified in the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Pistacia atlantica Desf were ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, rutin, and quercetin. The results of the antioxidant activity revealed that the butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions exhibit a good iron reduction capacity (concentration that gave half maximal response, EC50 = 0.02 mg/ml and 0.03 mg/ml, respectively) and a very interesting antiradical activity with an IC50 (concentration of inhibitor where the response is reduced by half) = 0.08 mg/ml and 0.04 mg/ml, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry presented a single oxidation peak between 400 and 500 mV. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts were recorded from the oxidation currents values of 15.75 and 10.41 i/μA cm.2 respectively at the concentration 0.1 mg/ml. Hence, it is clear that the leaves of Pistacia atlantica Desf, which are currently often considered as potential antioxidants, contain antioxidants that can usefully be extracted and added to foods.

scholarly journals Phenolics and Carotenoids Contribute to Antioxidant Activity in Navel Orange

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1000A-1000
Author(s):  
G.K. Jayaprakasha ◽  
Clark Wilson ◽  
Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with reduced risk of disease, such as neurodegenerative disorders and certain forms of cancer, and aging. Antioxidants prevent the damage to macromolecules and cells by interfering with the free radicals. Several natural compounds that posses antioxidant activity have been reported from plant sources and are commercially promoted as nutraceuticals. Citrus fruits contain certain bioactive compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, limonoids, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid. In this context, navel oranges were freeze-dried and extracted with five different solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, and 8 methanol: 2 water. The extracts were dried under vacuum and screened for their radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method at 250, 500, and 1000 ppm. The methanol: water and methanol extracts of navel orange were found to be maximum (92.9%) and minimum (63.89%) radical scavenging activity at 1000 ppm. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of all extracts was assayed through the phosphomolybdenum method and expressed as equivalent to ascorbic acid (μmol/g of the extract). The order of antioxidant capacity for navel orange extracts was found to be ethyl acetate > acetone > methanol: water > methanol > hexane. It seems that the antioxidant capacity of the extracts is in accordance with the amount of phenolics/lycopene present in each fraction and may provide a good source of antioxidants. This project is based upon work supported by the USDA–CSREES under Agreement USDA IFAFS #2001-52102-02294 and USDA #2005-34402-14401 “Designing Foods for Health” through the Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of `Rio Red', `Marsh White', and Commercial Juice In Vitro Model Systems

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135B-1135
Author(s):  
Basavaraj Girennavar ◽  
Bhimanagouda Patil ◽  
Guddadarangavvanahally Jayaprakasha
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Dpph Method

Antioxidant activity is widely used as a parameter to characterize different plant materials for potential health benefits. This activity is related with compounds capable of protecting a biological system against the harmful effect of reactions that can cause excessive oxidation, involving reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). There has been growing interest in the beneficial health effects of consuming fruits and vegetables. Mainly, the presence of lycopene, ascorbic acid, and phenolic antioxidants is believed to have the protective mechanism. The free radical-scavenging activities of grapefruit extract of `Rio Red', `Marsh White', and commercial juice were extracted with different solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. The dried extracts were screened for their radical scavenging activity using the α,α -diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The ethyl acetate extracts of commercial juice and `Marsh White' were found to possess more radical scavenging activity compared with the other two extracts. However, chloroform extracts of `Rio Red' grapefruit were the most active, which may be ascribed to the presence of more lycopene. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of `Rio Red' and `Marsh White' extracts was assayed through the phosphomolybdenum method and expressed as equivalent to ascorbic acid (μmol·g-1 of the extract). The order of antioxidant capacity for `Rio Red' extracts was found to be hexane > chloroform > ethyl acetate, while the order for `Marsh White' was chloroform > hexane > ethyl acetate. The results indicate that the extent of antioxidant activity of the extract is in accordance with the amount of lycopene/phenolics present in that extract; commercial juice and `Rio Red' may provide a good source of antioxidants.

Evaluation of antioxidant and Anthelmintic activity of methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Vijaya Jyothi M ◽  
Bhargav E ◽  
Pavan Kumar K ◽  
Praneeth Gowd K ◽  
Ram Pavan S
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

Nyctanthes arbour-tristis is a shrub belongs to the family Oleaceae. The flowers of this plant are fragrant since the presence of flavonol glycosides. It has also been reported for the presence of β-sitosterol, iridoid glycosides, tannins etc., and known to have immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, antiviral and antifungal activities. In the present study an attempt is made to identify antioxidant capacity and anthelminthic potential of methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbour-tristis. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by total phenolic content assay, total flavonoids content assay, free radical scavenging activity and reducing ability methods. Anthelmintic activity was evaluated on Perithima posthuma using Piperazine citrate as standard drug. The results obtained for the above activities reveals that Nyctanthes arbour-tristis shows considerable antioxidant activity for all the methods and anthelminthic potential at 300 mg/ml. Keywords: arbour-tristis; antioxidant activity; anthelminthic activity; Perithima posthuma; Piperazine citrate.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity in Rheum emodi Wall (Himalayan Rhubarb)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Sang Koo Park ◽  
Yoon Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Ic50 Values

Using natural products as antioxidant agents has been beneficial to replace synthetic products. Efforts have been made to profile the antioxidant capacities of natural resources, such as medicinal plants. The polyphenol content of Himalayan rhubarb, Rheum emodi wall, was measured and the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and ABTS+ assay, and the oxidative stress was assessed using SOD enzymatic assay. Five different solvent fractions, n-hexane, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and water, were used for screening the antioxidant capacity in effort to determine the optimum extraction solvent. The total phenolic contents for R. emodi fractions ranged from 27.76 to 209.21 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dry weight. DPPH and ABTS+ assay results are presented into IC50 values, ranged from 21.52 to 2448.79 μg/mL and 90.25 to 1718.05 μg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant activity among other fractions. Also, n-butanol and water fractions showed significantly lower IC50 values than the positive control in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The IC50 values of SOD assay of fractions ranged from 2.31 to 64.78 μg/mL. A similar result was observed with ethyl acetate fraction showing the highest SOD radical scavenging activity. The study suggests that the ethyl acetate fraction of R. emodi possess the strongest antioxidant activity, thus the most efficient in extracting antioxidant contents. Moreover, a highly significant correlation was shown between total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity screening assays. The compounds related to the antioxidant activity of R. emodi were identified to myricitrin, myricetin 3-galloyl rhamnoside, and myricetin, which have not been reported in studies about R. emodi before.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Wampee (Clausena lansium(Lour.) Skeels) Peel

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nagendra Prasad ◽  
Jing Hao ◽  
Chun Yi ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Shengxiang Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Anticancer Activities

Antioxidant activities of wampee peel extracts using five different solvents (ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were determined by using in-vitro antioxidant models including total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions, even higher than synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). In addition, the EAF exhibited strong anticancer activities against human gastric carcinoma (SGC-7901), human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG-2) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A-549) cancer cell lines, higher than cisplatin, a conventional anticancer drug. The total phenolic content of wampee fraction was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. This is the first report on the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the wampee peel extract. Thus, wampee peel can be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and a possible pharmaceutical supplement.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF PIPER UMBELLATUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Sethupandian Geetha ◽  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

Objective: This study was designed to determine the Total phenol, flavonoid content, antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of different solvent extracts of Piper umbellatum.  Methods: Different solvent extracts evaluated with DPPH radical scavenging activity and Reducing power activity.Results: The presence of phenol and flavonoid showed highly in the methanol extracts than ethyl acetate and acetone extracts. All the extracts have various level of antioxidant activity. Methanol solvent extract have good extraction and show significant antioxidant activity. The effect of reducing power of methanol extract revealed good antioxidant activity compare with other tested extracts.Conclusion: On the basis of the above results we concluded that methanol extract of Piper umbellatum whole plant extracts shows significant antioxidant activity than ethyl acetate and acetone extracts.Keywords: Piper umbellatum, Antioxidant, DPPH, FRAP assay, Polar, Non polar solvents

scholarly journals Sour cherry as a functional food

2014 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Judit Homoki ◽  
Andrea Nemes ◽  
Judit Remenyik
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Differential Spectrophotometry ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Tart Cherries ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Soft Fruits

The antioxidant capacity of ’Debreceni bőtermő’, ’Újfehértói fürtös’ and ’Érdi bőtermő’ cultivars were determined by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity) and photochemiluminescence method. In sour cherry, the most antioxidant effects of natural bioactive compounds are anthocyanins. Our results show that the photochemiluminescence method out of applied assays is ratheris suitable to determine the antioxidant capacity of red soft fruits and tart cherries. The correlation is good between the determined anthocyanin concent by this technic and pH-differential spectrophotometry. However, both FRAP and DPPH assays are inaccurate. The anthocyanin composition of ’Debreceni bőtermő’, ’Újfehértói fürtös’ and ’Érdi bőtermő’ ’Csengődi csokros’ sour cherry varieties were analised. There are big differences between the accumulation of anthocyanan compounds of cultivars. ’Csengődi csokros’ produce melatonin in large quantity. On the evidence of the results, we can say that the hungarian sour cherry cultivars are suitable for functional food development.

scholarly journals The radical scavenging activity of 2-2’ diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazil (DPPH) on the methanol extracts and Ethyl acetate fractions of red dragon fruit peel  (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Britton dan Rose)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Sri Wahdaningsih ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono ◽  
Sugeng Riyanto ◽  
Retno Murwanti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Dragon Fruit

<p> </p><p>Red dragon fruit (<em>H. Polyrhizus</em>) is one of the the plants that has a great potential as natural antioxidant. This study tested the activity of radical scavenging of 2-2' diphenyl -1- pikril hidrazil (DPPH) in the methanol extract, as well as in the soluble and insoluble fractions of ethyl acetate of red dragon fruit peel. This research is carried out through various stages, such as: extraction and fractionation to obtain both insoluble fraction and soluble fractions of ethyl acetate. Antioxidant activity test is conducted by the method of thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry.<strong> </strong>Antioxidant activity test, IC<sub>50 </sub>values of methanol extract, ethyl acetate soluble fraction, and insoluble fraction of ethyl acetate had been obtained consecutively as much as 241.19 µg /mL, 8.34  µg/mL, 46.84 µg/mL. The soluble fraction of ethyl acetate had greater antioxidant activity compared to the methanol extract and the insoluble fractions of ethyl acetate.</p>

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Slender Amaranth Weed

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. AKBAR ◽  
I.N. SHERAZI ◽  
M.S. IQBAL ◽  
T. KHALIL ◽  
H.M. WAQAS
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Root Extract

ABSTRACT: In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity] activities of a weed, slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis L.) were investigated. Extracts of different plant parts were prepared in n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was measured by using 100 mg mL-1 concentration extracts against 4 deadly phytopathogenic bacterial species viz. Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, Ralstonia solanacearum Smith, Erwinia carotovora (Jones), Holland and Xanthomonas axonopodis Hasse. In antioxidants assays, 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 extracts were used keeping DPPH as control. In these bioassays, ethyl acetate fraction of A. viridis leaf exhibited the best antibacterial and antioxidants activity. Ethyl acetate leaf fraction showed the highest inhibition zone diameter (IZD) where it caused 21 mm IZD against P. syringae and 19 mm IZD against E. carotovora. This extract also showed 22, 52 and 84% antioxidant activity at 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 concentrations, respectively. Previously there is no report available that describes antibacterial activity of root extract of A. viridis against P. syringae. Moreover, antioxidant activity of stem and root extracts in n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate was investigated first time in the world. It was concluded that the biological activities observed during the present investigation may be due to the presence of bioactive constituents that can be harnessed as natural antibacterials and antioxidants.

scholarly journals POLYPHENOL CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil. et al.) Hieron. ex Niederl. AND Cupania vernalis Cambess. (SAPINDACEAE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Michel Sobottka ◽  
Elisandra Tessaro ◽  
Suelen Maier da Silva ◽  
Marina Pedron ◽  
Lara Tortini Seffrin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Degraded Ecosystems

ABSTRACT Allophylus edulis and Cupania vernalis (Sapindaceae) are Brazilian native trees used as medicinal plants for the treatment of respiratory, digestive, circulatory, and skin diseases. Ubiquitously distributed in the Brazilian territory, these species are indicated for mixed plantations aimed at the recovery of degraded ecosystems. In this study, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions obtained from A. edulis and C. vernalis leaves were assessed. The TPC and TFC was determined spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through radical scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The extracts were obtained by two methods: maceration (method 1) and Soxhlet (method 2). Solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) were used to obtained the fractions. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction from A. edulis, obtained from the maceration method, had the highest TPC (442.0 ± 18.2 mg GAE g-1) and TFC (58.1 ± 0.4 mg RUE g-1), and antioxidant activity (EC50 = 43.6 ± 2.6 µg mL-1). By C. vernalis, superior results were obtained with the n-butanol fraction (TPC = 126.1 ± 5.8 mg GAE g-1, TFC = 37.7 ± 0.6 mg RUE g-1). The highest antioxidant potential was found in the crude hydroalcoholic extract (EC50 = 816.1 ± 50.9 µg mL-1) and butanol fraction (1,156.4 ± 3.8 µg mL-1). The results of this study show that the fractions obtained by maceration and liquid-liquid partition with more polar solvents (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) are the richest in TPC and TFC, and presented the greater antioxidant activity. Comparing the two plants, A. edulis showed the best results, with a high content of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant potential, and therefore may be used to treat diseases related to oxidative stress.

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