Sense of coherence and resilience for coping with stress in the group of juveniles referred to probation centres by family courts

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-159
Author(s):  
Karol Konaszewski ◽  
Łukasz Kwadrans
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Family Courts ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Motivational Aspect

The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the sense of coherence and resilience and the styles of stress coping and to determine which of the studied variables (comprehensibility; manageability; meaningfulness; optimistic attitude and energy; perseverance and determination in action; sense of humour and openness to new experiences; personal competences and tolerance of negative affect) was more important in predicting coping styles with stressful situations in the group of juveniles who had been referred to probation centres. Participants in this study were 210 juveniles from probation centres. The following research tools were used in the research: A. Antonovsky’s Orientation to Life Questionnaire, Resilience Scale by N. Ogińska-Bulik and Z. Juczyński, and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations by N. S. Enlder and J. D. A. Parker. The research results show that sense of coherence and resilience play a predictive function for the style which focuses on the task, emotions, avoidance and strategy related to engaging in substitute activities and seeking contact with people. Building (by probation officers) the sense of coherence and resilience among juveniles involves better understanding of the surrounding world and the stimuli which come from it, understanding internal signals and increasing the sense of manageability and comprehensibility, enhancing the ability to use the own and the environmental resources as well as working on the sense of meaningfulness, i.e. the motivational aspect of functioning. Supporting components of resilience (optimistic attitude and energy; perseverance and determination in action; sense of humour and openness to new experiences; personal competences and tolerance of negative affect) through psychoeducational activities (in probation centres) enables better understanding of the own self and, consequently, using stress management strategies aimed at finding a positive solution to a particular situation.

scholarly journals Burnout among Probation Officers in Poland and the Role of Preferred Styles of Coping with Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wirkus ◽  
Anna Babicka-Wirkus ◽  
Robert Opora ◽  
Krzysztof Stasiak
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
The Relationship

The current article examined the relationship between preferred styles of coping with stress and occupational burnout among probation officers in Poland. The probation system in Poland is unique in comparison to similar organizations in Europe and the world. It is characterized by two separate specializations in the area of performed tasks: probation officers for adults and for family and juvenile clients. The main purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between occupational burnout levels among probation officers (n = 390) and their preferred styles of coping with stress. Two psychological tools were used in the study: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). A linear regression analysis was carried out to explain the variance in occupational burnout. Occupational burnout was the dependent variable and the CISS scales were the predictors. In order to test the moderating role of the sociodemographic factors of gender, work experience, age, and probation specialization in the relationship between coping styles and occupational burnout, a range of moderation analyses using Hayes’ PROCESS macro on SPSS was carried out.

Cognitive Consistency Theory in Social Psychology: A Paradigm Reconsidered

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie W. Kruglanski ◽  
Katarzyna Jasko ◽  
Maxim Milyavsky ◽  
Marina Chernikova ◽  
David Webber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Cognitive Consistency ◽  
Consistency Theory ◽  
Motivational Aspect ◽  
Human Need ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Epistemic Aspect

From the 1950s onward, psychologists have generally assumed that people possess a general need for cognitive consistency whose frustration by an inconsistency elicits negative affect. We offer a novel perspective on this issue by introducing the distinction between epistemic and motivational impact of consistent and inconsistent cognitions. The epistemic aspect is represented by the updated expectancy of the outcome addressed in such cognitions. The motivational aspect stems from value (desirability) of that outcome. We show that neither the outcome’s value nor its updated expectancy are systematically related to cognitive consistency or inconsistency. Consequently, we question consistency’s role in the driving of affective responses, and the related presumption of a universal human need for cognitive consistency.

scholarly journals Angioedema Coexisting Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Negatively Influences Patients’ Sense of Coherence, What Results in Susceptibility to Anxiety Symptoms Occurrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2852
Author(s):  
Karina Badura-Brzoza ◽  
Zenon Brzoza
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Urticaria Activity Score ◽  
T Values ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Background: Angioedema coexisting chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is proved to result in patient anxiety occurrence, but the mechanisms and susceptibility patterns are unknown. Sense of coherence (SOC) is one of methods of coping with stress and is defined as a person’s general orientation toward life. We decided to assess SOC disturbances in CSU patients in the context of possible angioedema association. Methods: The study comprised 71 CSU subjects. To analyze disease activity, the Urticaria Activity Score seven-day assessment questionnaire (UAS7) was used. For anxiety assessment, the STAI questionnaire was used. The SOC-29 questionnaire, consisting of questions related to comprehensibility (SOC-C), manageability (SOC-M), and meaningfulness (SOC-Mf), was used to analyze SOC parameters (SOC-T). Results: In patients with coexisting angioedema, we observed statistically significantly lower values of SOC-Mf and SOC-T in comparison to the wheals only group. In the angioedema group, we noticed significant negative correlations between SOC-M and SOC-Mf, as well as SOC-T values and anxiety. In the wheals only group, we proved statistically significant correlations between SOC-Mf and SOC-T and anxiety assessed as a state. Conclusions: It is necessary to identify CSU patients manifesting angioedema as they are more likely to have impaired SOC. Lower SOC in this specific group of patients can be related to anxiety symptoms occurrence and should probably be an indication for psychological support.

scholarly journals The genetic background of the associations between sense of coherence and mental health, self-esteem and personality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karri Silventoinen ◽  
Eero Vuoksimaa ◽  
Salla-Maarit Volanen ◽  
Teemu Palviainen ◽  
Richard J. Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Polygenic Scores

Abstract Purpose Sense of coherence (SOC) represents coping and can be considered an essential component of mental health. SOC correlates with mental health and personality, but the background of these associations is poorly understood. We analyzed the role of genetic factors behind the associations of SOC with mental health, self-esteem and personality using genetic twin modeling and polygenic scores (PGS). Methods Information on SOC (13-item Orientation of Life Questionnaire), four mental health indicators, self-esteem and personality (NEO Five Factor Inventory Questionnaire) was collected from 1295 Finnish twins at 20–27 years of age. Results In men and women, SOC correlated negatively with depression, alexithymia, schizotypal personality and overall mental health problems and positively with self-esteem. For personality factors, neuroticism was associated with weaker SOC and extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness with stronger SOC. All these psychological traits were influenced by genetic factors with heritability estimates ranging from 19 to 66%. Genetic and environmental factors explained these associations, but the genetic correlations were generally stronger. The PGS of major depressive disorder was associated with weaker, and the PGS of general risk tolerance with stronger SOC in men, whereas in women the PGS of subjective well-being was associated with stronger SOC and the PGSs of depression and neuroticism with weaker SOC. Conclusion Our results indicate that a substantial proportion of genetic variation in SOC is shared with mental health, self-esteem and personality indicators. This suggests that the correlations between these traits reflect a common neurobiological background rather than merely the influence of external stressors.

The orientation to life questionnaire: Assessing older adults’ sense of coherence

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s289-s289
Author(s):  
S. von Humboldt ◽  
I. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Distributional Properties ◽  
Cross National

IntroductionGrowing literature suggests that the sense of coherence (SOC) positively influences well-being in later life.ObjectivesThis study reports the assessment the following psychometric properties: distributional properties, construct, criterion and external-related validities, and reliability, of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OtLQ) in an cross-national population of older adults.MethodsWe recruited 1291 community-dwelling older adults aged between 75–102 years (M = 83.9; SD = 6.68). Convenience sampling was used to gather questionnaire data. The construct validity was asserted by confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity. Moreover, criterion and external-related validities, as well as distributional properties and reliability were also tested.ResultsData gathered with the 29-items OtLQ scale showed overall good psychometric properties, in terms of distributional properties, construct, criterion and external-related validities, as well as reliability. Three factors were validated for the OtLQ scale: (a) comprehensibility; (b) manageability; and (c) meaningfulness.ConclusionWe validated the 3-factor OtLQ scale, which produced valid and reliable data for a cross-national sample with older adults. Hence, it is an adequate instrument for assessing sense of coherence among older people in health care practice and program development contexts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Job insecurity, sense of coherence and the general health of employees at a higher education institution in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-670
Author(s):  
Sam T Setati ◽  
Marius Stander ◽  
Wilfred Isioma Ukpere
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
General Health ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Higher Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study investigated the relationship between job insecurity, sense of coherence and general health of employees in a higher education institution in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A random sample (n = 229) was taken from academic and non-academic staff members of the institution. The Job Insecurity Inventory, General Health Questionnaire and Orientation to Life Questionnaire were administered. The results showed that a negative relationship exists between job insecurity and general health, while a positive relationship exists between sense of coherence and general health. High job insecurity and a weak sense of coherence predicted ill health. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that higher education institutions should attend to job insecurity by communicating effectively with employees, in order to clarify expectations, and ensure support from supervisors. Developing the employees’ sense of coherence can positively impact on their wellness. Owing to the cross-sectional design of the study, no conclusions regarding causality was drawn.

scholarly journals Correlation between Mindfulness, Coherence and Wisdom in Sample of Different Age Groups in Adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Guna Svence
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Analysis Of Narratives

<p><em>There are two different researches has been explain in this article. There is common idea of those two researches (Svence, Mihailova, Bebre, 2014)- does age as correlate statistical significant differ scores of mindfulness, wisdom and coherence.</em></p><p><em>The aim of the first research (Svence, Mihailova, 2014) is to make theoretical and practical analysis of correllations between sense of coherence, mindfulness and wellbeing among 25-45 year old women, as also make qualitative analysis in order to explore one of the sense of coherence categories – meaningfulness. Reserach has shown that there exists positive correlation between wellbeing and sense of coherence and between wellbeing and mindfulness, as aslo it has been shown that higher scores of sense of meaning in life is related to higher scores of wellbeing, yet there are nearly no research where the correlations between mindfulness and sense of coherece and/or meaningfulness would be explored. Yet there are enough research where the realaton of these concepts with other concepts such as self-efficacy, anxiety, stressreactivity is confirmed. Considering the above mentioned it is valuable to explore relations between sense of coherence, mindfulness and wellbeing. </em></p><p><em>Principal question of the research was to investigate if there is an association between sense of coherence, mindfulness and wellbeing, as also to make qualitative and quantitative analysis and acquire the broader understanding of this association. There were 36 participants in the research who were asked to fill three questionnaires via internet and to particiapate in the interview. Quantative methods were used in the research (Fife Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Orientation to Life Questionnaire to measure sense of coherence, Scales of Psychological Well-Being), as well as statistical methods (Pearson correlation) and qualitative method (content analysis of narratives). </em></p><p><em>Quantitative analysis confirmed the question of the research, since there were significant positive correlations discovered between all three concepts – sense of coherence, mindfulness and wellbeing. Content analysis of narratives was made and several typical content units were discovered whish are related to age appropriate meaningful life tasks, and to the processes of sense of coherence. Therefore the associatio between meaningfulness and other sense of coherence components was confirmed. </em></p><p><em>There is other research (Svence, Bebre,2014) about wisdom and meaningfulness scores- how they  correlates and differes in different age subgroups in adulthood.</em></p><p><em>There are some results show- scores of wisdom and meaningfulness are not significant differ in different age groups- early adulthood (20-35), middle age (40-55)  mathematical statistical significant, but differences has been finded about wisdom in early adulthood and middle age – according scores – wisdom is more higher in middle age as in early adulthood.</em></p><p> </p>

The sense of occupational burnout and the styles of coping with stress among workers in the helping professions

2021 ◽  
Vol 597 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Anna Kanios
Keyword(s):  
Coping Styles ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Helping Professions ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
And Coping

Workers of the helping professions are particularly susceptible to the occupational burnout syndrome. This stems from the very nature of helping other people who experience several social problems in their everyday life. Working in the helping and caregiving professions relies on direct contact with another human being and involves intensive stress. The burnout syndrome is a consequence of functioning under long-term stress resulting, for example, from overwork. The study objective was to diagnose the occupational burnout among workers in the helping professions and to determine the correlation between burnout and stress-coping styles. In the study, we used Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) by C. Maslach (to assess an individual’s experience of burnout) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) by S. Norman, S. Endler, J.D.A. Parker (adapted by P. Szczepaniak, J. Strelau, K. Wrześniewski) (to assess styles of coping with stress). The empirical analyses indicated the existence of a correlation between the sense of occupational burnout among the workers studied and their styles of coping with stress.

scholarly journals Sense of coherence, coping and burnout of pharmacists

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Basson ◽  
S. Rothmann
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Reinterpretation

People in almost any occupation could develop burnout. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between sense of coherence, coping and burnout in a corporate pharmacy group. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The study population consisted of 67 pharmacists. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, Orientation to Life Questionnaire and COPE were administered. The results showed that sense of coherence is significantly related to emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. Regarding coping strategies, mental disengagement was positively related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, while positive reinterpretation and restraint coping were positively related to personal accomplishment. Sense of coherence and coping strategies explained 44 per cent, 35 per cent and 41 per cent of the variance in emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment respectively.

scholarly journals The relationship between levels of resilience and coping styles in chiropractic students and perceived levels of stress and well-being

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley I. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Coping Style ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The University ◽  
Chiropractic Students ◽  
The Relationship

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between chiropractic students' coping styles and levels of resilience with their physical injuries, perceived levels of stress, and well-being. Methods A questionnaire was distributed to the entire student body of the chiropractic program at Murdoch University, and gathered demographic variables and responses to the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Perceived Levels of Stress Scale, Everyday Feelings Questionnaire, and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations. Linear regression analysis was used to calculate for significant relationships. Results Of 244 students, 194 (81%) completed the surveys. Being female and not having recovered from an injury within 12 months was significantly associated with lower levels of well-being and higher levels of stress. Being female, possessing an increased use of an emotional-based coping style, and having lower levels of well-being were associated with higher levels of stress (R2 = 0.65, F(6,164) = 50.47, p &lt; .001). Lower levels of well-being were associated with being female, higher perceived levels of stress, lower levels of resilience, and an increased use emotional coping styles (R2 = 0.64, F[6,164] = 49.5, p &lt; .001). Conclusion It is possible to identify chiropractic students at the university who are at risk of experiencing low levels of well-being and high levels of stress. These students may benefit from interventions aimed at enhancing their coping style choices and increasing their resilience levels. Future studies are recommended to see if these findings are consistent across chiropractic programs nationally and internationally.

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