scholarly journals Treatment of Textile Dye Wastewater using Cynobacteria Spirulina Sp

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
Hetarth B. Patel ◽  
Hiteshkumar A. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Toxicity Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions

Along with toxic dyes textile dye wastewater contains various xenobiotic compounds therefore their treatment is necessary before discharging into the environment. Bioremediation was considered as one of the eco-friendly and self-sustainable treatment systems and amongst them cyanobacteria was considered as one of the best resources for the bioremediation of organic pollutants. Thus, in this present study, Spirulina sp. was evaluated for the treatment of real textile dye wastewater (RTDW) along with the removal of metal ions and other organic pollutants. The metabolic activities to Spirulina sp. leads to complete more than 98% decolorization of Reactive Brown GR11, Reactive Magenta HBB 26, Reactive Red Bs11 and Reactive Yellow 160 dye. However, to enhance the treatment efficiency of Spirulina sp. carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized. In the presence of 1% glucose and yeast extract Spirulina sp. showed 86% American Dye Manufacturers’ Institute (ADMI) removal and 83 % chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from the undiluted non-sterilize RTDW. The maximum treatment efficiency of Spirulina sp. was observed at pH-7 and 30 °C under optimized co-substrates. Degradation of RTDW and representative four azo dyes were further confirmed by using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Additionally, toxicity analysis was considered as the best method to evaluate the efficiency of treatment process. Phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity assay clearly show that Spirulina sp. treatment significantly reduces the toxic characteristics of RTDW.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES IN TEXTILE WASTEWATER AND CURRENT PALLIATIVE METHODS: AN OVERVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Adebayo Bello
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Textile Industries

Effluents from dye and textile industries are highly contaminated and toxic to the environment. High concentration of non-biodegradable compounds contributes to increased biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater bodies.  Dyes found in wastewater from textile industries are carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic. Biological processes involving certain bacteria, fungi, activated carbon and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising methods for treating the waste water. These methods are either inefficient or ineffective.  These complexities necessitates search for new approaches that will offset all the shortcomings of the present solutions to the challenges faced with textile wastewater management. This article reviews the past and recent methods used in the treatment of the textile dye wastewater and the future opportunities for efficient treatment of textiles wastewaters.

scholarly journals PHOTODEGRADATION OF NON-BIODEGRADABLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN LANDFILL LEACHATE BY Mn-TiO2-BENTONITE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4C) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Tran Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powders ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
X Ray

The photocatalytic process helps to enhance biodegradability of landfill leachate. TiO2-bentonite nanocrystalline powders with various Mn-doping levels were synthesized by the sol–gel process using TiCl4 and manganese nitrate as precursors. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The experimental results indicated that the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), total organic carbon (TOC) and color by 2%Mn-TiO2-bentonite photocatalyst could be reached more than 81%, 83%, 65% and 96%, respectively. Under optimal conditions, the BOD5/COD ratio was elevated from 0.08 to 0.40. The organic compounds in landfill leachate before and after treatment using Mn-TiO2-bentonite photocatalyst were analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis result of HPLC diagrams revealed phenol, p-nitrophenol, p-crezol and some kinds of organic pollutants in the landfill leachate were totally decomposed after 12 h of treatment. Moreover, the re-usability of Mn-TiO2-bentonite catalysts was also studied with good efficiency. It was concluded that the Mn-TiO2-bentonite photocatalyst could be a cost-effective method for the pre-treatment of non-biodegradable organic pollutants in the landfill leachate.

Dioxazine pigments

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Christie ◽  
Adrian Abel
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Organic Pigments ◽  
Tyrian Purple ◽  
Violet Color ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the structural and synthetic chemistry, and the industrial applications, of dioxazine pigments, a small group of high performance organic pigments. The color violet (or purple) has frequently assumed a prominent position in history, on account of its rarity and cost. The natural colorant Tyrian purple and the first synthetic textile dye, Mauveine, are prime examples of this unique historical feature. CI Pigment Violet 23, also referred to as Dioxazine Violet or Carbazole Violet, is one of the most universally used organic pigments, by far the most important industrial pigment in the violet shade area. Dioxazine Violet is also unique as the dominant industrial violet pigment providing a brilliant, intense violet color and an excellent all-round set of fastness properties. The pigment has a polycyclic molecular structure, originally described wrongly as a linear arrangement, and later shown to adopt an S-shaped arrangement on the basis of X-ray structural analysis. Two other dioxazine pigments are of rather lesser importance. The synthesis and manufacturing route to CI Pigment Violet 23 is described in the review. Finally, a survey of the principal current applications of the individual dioxazine pigments is presented.

scholarly journals The Use of Sodium Carbonate—Hydrogen Peroxide (2/3) in the Modified Fenton Reaction to Degradation PAHs in Coke Wastewater

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Kozak ◽  
Włodarczyk-Makuła
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Coke Wastewater ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
Modified Fenton

The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of removing micro-organic pollutants, including PAHs, using the modified Fenton method. The tested material was pretreated coke wastewater, in which the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) value and initial polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration were determined. The samples were then subjected to an oxidation procedure. Before the process, the pH was adjusted to 3.5–3.8. Next, the following doses of sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3): 1.2 g/L, 1.5 g/L and 2 g/L, and a constant dose of iron sulphate were added. The next step was exposing the samples to UV light for 6 min and separating the organic matrix from the samples of wastewater. After the tests, the final value of the COD and the final PAHs concentration were determined. The average content of organic pollutants in pretreated coke wastewater determined by the COD index was 538 mg/L, and after the oxidation process, the COD index decreased in the range from 9 to 29%. The efficiency of the degradation of the sum of 16 PAHs was varied and was in the range of 94–97.6%. The research results show that sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3) can be used for the degradation of organic pollutants, such as PAHs, in the modified Fenton process.

scholarly journals Fabrication of TiO2/Fe2O3/CdS systems: effects of Fe2O3 and CdS content on superior photocatalytic activity

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 10300-10308
Author(s):  
Hui Feng ◽  
Siqi Feng ◽  
Niu Tang ◽  
Songbai Zhang ◽  
Xiangyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost

New idea for the low cost synthesis of high performance photocatalysts for the photodegradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution.

A constructed wetland model for synthetic reactive dye wastewater treatment by narrow-leaved cattails (Typha angustifolia Linn.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1565-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nilratnisakorn ◽  
P. Thiravetyan ◽  
W. Nakbanpote
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Term Operation

Textile wastewater is contaminated by reactive dye causing unattractive levels of wastewater color, high pH and high salt content when discharged into public water systems. Decolorization of textile wastewater by plant, phytoremediation, is an alternative, sustainable method which is suitable for long term operation. Narrow-leaved cattails are one species of wetland plant with efficiency for decolorizing and remediating textile wastewater. In addition, chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be lowered and dye residue can be removed. The plant also showed a good salt tolerance even after being exposed to a salt solution for 15 days. The narrow-leaved cattails were set up in a constructed wetland model with a vertical flow system operating from bottom to top for synthetic reactive dye wastewater (SRDW) removal. Narrow-leaved cattails could achieve the removal of SRDW at approximately 0.8 gSRDW m−2 day−1. Decolorization of SRDW by this plant was approximately 60%. The advantage of this method is that it is suitable for textile wastewater management and improvement of wetland. These plants could lower COD, remove dye, sodium and total dissolved solids (TDS) whereas other biological and chemical methods could not remove TDS and dye in the same time. These results suggested that the spongy cell structure of this plant has the ability to absorb large amounts of water and nutrients. Physico-chemical analysis revealed increasing amounts of sulfur, silicon, iron and calcium in the plant leafs and roots after exposure to wastewater. Proteins or amide groups in the plant might help in textile dye removal. Regarding decolorization, this plant accumulates dye in the intercellular space and still grows in this SRDW condition. Hence, it can be noted here that narrow-leaved cattails are efficient for textile dye wastewater treatment.

Fenton degradation of Cartap hydrochloride: identification of the main intermediates and the degradation pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaixun Tian ◽  
Cuixiang Ming ◽  
Youzhi Dai ◽  
Kouassi Marius Honore Ake
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Fenton System ◽  
Long Chain

The advanced oxidation of Cartap hydrochloride (Cartap) promoted by the Fenton system in an aqueous medium was investigated. Based on total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand and high-performance liquid chromatography, the oxidation of Cartap is quite efficient by the Fenton system. Its long chain is easily destroyed, but the reaction does not proceed to complete mineralization. Ion chromatography detection indicated the formation of acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, nitrous acid and sulfuric acid in the reaction mixtures. Further evidence of nitrogen monoxide and sulfur dioxide formation was obtained by using a flue gas analyzer. Monitoring by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer demonstrated the formation of oxalic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide, and l-alanine ethylamide. Based on these experimental results, plausible degradation pathways for Cartap mineralization in an aqueous medium by the Fenton system are proposed.

scholarly journals Optimization and kinetic studies on treatment of textile dye wastewater using Pleurotus floridanus

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sathian ◽  
G. Radha ◽  
V. Shanmugapriya ◽  
M. Rajasimman ◽  
C. Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Pleurotus Floridanus

Electrochemical Treatment of Simulated Dye Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 555-558
Author(s):  
Feng Tao Chen ◽  
San Chuan Yu ◽  
Xing Qiong Mu ◽  
Shi Shen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Electrochemical Degradation ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Method ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Effects Of Ph

The Ti/SnO2-Sb2O3/PbO2 electrodes were prepared by thermal decomposition method and its application in the electrochemical degradation of a heteropolyaromatic dye, Methylene blue (MB), contained in simulated dye wastewater were investigated under mild conditions. The effects of pH, current density and electrolysis time on de-colorization efficiency were also studied. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) was selected as another parameter to evaluate the efficiency of this degradation method on treatment of MB wastewater. The results revealed that when initial pH was 6.0, current density was 50 mA·cm2, electrolysis time was 60 min, Na2SO4 as electrolyte and its concentration was 3.0 g·dm3, the de-colorization and COD removal efficiency can reach 89.9% and 71.7%, respectively.

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