Concentration of some Heavy Elements in Water , Sediment and Plants in Al-Gharraf River in Thi-Qar Province –South of Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
South Of Iraq ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The present study was included to estimate the Concentration and distribution of selected Heavy elements Cadmium, Lead, Nickel and Zinc from water, sediment and two species of plant ( Phragmites australis and Ceratophyllim demersum). Also same physical characteristic of this river in water , samples were collected of three stations in Al-Gharraf River in order to investigates the possibility of pollution in this area with these elements .three station (Al-Fajr districts , Qal'at Sukkar districts and Al-Rifa'I districts) were chosen to execute this study during the period from May 2018 until February 2019. And the high temperature was recorded (13 ٥C in winter to 30 ٥C in summer), pH (7.44 to 7.8) and Turbidity (2.41 to 10.2)NTU. and salinity (0.01 to 0.069) ppt. Also all the heavy metals recorded a significant increase in water and Ceratophyllin demersum plant samples in the winter higher than summer and in the sediments and Phragmites australis plant the rise in the winter was only in the elements nickel and zinc, but in cadmium and lead were concentration low or do not make a big difference in the winter compared to the summer , Where the highest percentage of nickel and zinc in the sediments in the second and third stations respectively reached 86.2 mg / kg dry weight . The lowest concentration of cadmium concentration in water samples at the first station for the summer was 0.0021 mg / L . Where there is a positive relationship between the increase in concentrations of heavy metals in the samples studied and increase in the amount of rain , speed of runoff and the rise in water level in the river in winter due to the volume of rising smoke as a result of pollution which descends during the rainfall and erosion of the edges of the river and lack of control over the domestic sewage that has been brought into the river . As well as probable cause to exist Al-Gharraf oil field that newly established and located north of Fajr city, was considered a control station and opposite to the Qal'at Sukkar city and south of Al-Rifai city we can be observed through the results which show a gradual rise in the second and third stations and third station was higher than stations 1 and 2.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Cadmium and Lead from Groundwater Obtained from Mining Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Water is a vital requirement for life and it is also an effective vehicle for the transmission of diseases if contaminated. Pollution caused by heavy metals is one of the major environmental problems that are imperative to be solved. Mining of solid minerals has been identified as an entry point of heavy metals into the environment consequently polluting various components of the environment such as soil and water. Bioremediation offers a promising means to reclaim such contaminated environment in an economical and eco friendly way. The focus of this study is to evaluate the bio sorption efficiency of cadmium and lead-resistant yeast from well water samples collected from Angwan Magiro, one of the lead-contaminated villages of Niger State, North Central Nigeria. Microbial enumeration of the water samples were carried out using pours plate technique, while physicochemical parameters were done by standard methods. Tolerance ability of the yeast isolates to the heavy metals was determined by cultivating on yeast broth supplemented with synthetic solutions of 1.50 mg/L cadmium concentration and 5.50 mg/L lead concentration. Based on the result of heavy metal tolerance assay, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was then selected to determine its efficiency in bio sorption of cadmium and lead in a rotary shaker incubated at an ambient temperature for a period of 28 days. Yeast cells were separated from solutions by centrifugation and the supernatants were analyzed for residual metals in solution using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Bio sorption experiment was carried out as function of solution pH. The results of this investigation reveal that Saccharomyces cerevisiae was efficient in the removal of lead with 99.54% and cadmium with 88.24% at pH 8.20. These findings suggest that Saccharomyces cerevisiae present in heavy metalcontaminated water could be an effective measure for remediation of the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Distribution Of Some Heavy Metals In Water,Sediment & Fish Cyprinus carpio in Euphrates River Near Al- Nassiriya City Center South Iraq .

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-560
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Particulate Phase ◽  
City Center ◽  
Euphrates River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
South Of Iraq

The heavy metals Cd, Cu, Fe, pb, and Zn were determined in dissolved and particulate phases of the water,in addition to exchangeable and residual phases of the sediment and in the selected organs of the fish Cyprinus carpio collected from the Euphrates River near Al-Nassiriya city center south of Iraq during the summer period / 2009 .Also sediment texture and total organic carbon(TOC) were measured. Analysis emploing a flam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers . The mean regional concentrations of the heavy metals in dissolved (µg/l) and particulate phases (µg/gm) dry weight were Cd (0.15,16.13) ,Cu (0.59,24.48) ,Fe (726,909.4) ,Pb (0.20, 49.95) and Zn (2.5,35.62) respectively,and those for exchangeable and residual phases of the Sediment were Cd (0.2,0.1) ,Cu (13.75,16.65) ,Fe (683 , 1351 ) ,Pb (10.1,1.07) and Zn (7.3,16.75)µg/gm dry weight respectively. The heavy metals concentrations in C. carpio organs followed the trend gill > liver > kidney> muscles . The mean concentration in the muscles were Cd (ND) , Cu (0.07) , Fe (4.7) , pb (0.06) and Zn (6.4) (µg/gm) dry weight . The statistical analysis proved a significant correlation between metal concentration in the sediment and total organic carbon, also a positive correlation was proved between its concentrations in the liver organ and the water (particulate phase) . In conclusion the trace metals concentration in particulate phase were higher than its concentration in the dissolved phase . The fish organs showed variations in the metals concentration and the muscle organs showed less concentration than the other organs .

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed ◽  
Suman Mandal ◽  
Didarul Alam Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Rayhan M Tareq ◽  
M Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Fish Organs ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion

The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre (Sperata aor Hamilton, 1822) collected from Rajfulbaria (23°48?56.36? N and 90°14?54.04? E) of  Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were   determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid  digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were  also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of  that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels  in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd:  0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm.The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and  water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other  related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12904 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012

scholarly journals Levels of Heavy Metals in Popular Cigarette Brands and Exposure to These Metals via Smoking

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqar Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Average Quantity ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The levels of selected heavy metals in popular cigarette brands sold and/or produced in Saudi Arabia were determined by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Average concentrations of Cadmium and Lead in different cigarette brands were 1.81 and 2.46 μg g−1(dry weight), respectively. The results obtained in this study estimate the average quantity of Cd inhaled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes to be in the range of 0.22–0.78 μg. Results suggest that the quantity of Pb inhaled of smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes is estimated to be 0.97–2.64 μg. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in cigarettes were significantly different between cigarette brands tested. The results of the present study were compared with those of other regional and international studies.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Phragmites australis of Shatt AL-Arab River. South of Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafid Ahmed Taha Al-Zabad ◽  
Ayad H. Al-Khafaji ◽  
Hamid T.AL-Saad
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
South Of Iraq ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Mass Type

ABSTRACT The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined from Autumn season 2019 to summer season 2020 at six sites they are: ( Al-Qurna, Al-Deer, Al-Qarma, Al-Ashar, Abu-Al-khasib, Al-Fao )  in Shatt Al-Arab river, Basrah city, south of Iraq. water samples were taken at each site and were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MASS) type of Agilent 7890A for PCBs levels. The results indicate that PCBs are detected in all Phragmites australis  samples and its concentrations range from 1.45 ng/g to 4.11 ng/g , 5.34 ng/g to 7.99 ng/g, 2.19 ng/g to 3.59 ng/g and 0.45 ng/g to 8.09 ng/g in Autumn, Winter, Spring and Summer seasons, respectively. The Al-Qurna and Al-Ashar sites were found to have the lowest and highest mean levels of PCBs concentrations 0.035 ng/g and 0.622 ng/g, respectively. Total congeners PCBs (PCB 18, 29, 31, 28, 44, 52, 101, 141, 149, 138,153, 189, and 194) concentrations at the Phragmite australis  samples for all sites ranged from 0.45 ng/g in Al-Qurna station during summer season to 8.09 ng/g in Al-Ashar station during summer season. Σhexa-PCBs and Σtri-PCBs were dominating in comparison with others PCBs congeners. This study is a first of its kind in the region and could have available information and could be used as a baseline study in the future.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LOCAL HONEY PRODUCTION AREAS ON ITS CONTENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
رأفت احمد أبو المعالي ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Incineration Plant ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Atomic Absorption Technique ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Lead Nickel

This study was conducted to estimate some heavy metals cadmium, lead, nickel and iron in 15 samples of Iraqi honey with 3 replicates for each sample which were collected from apiaries near potential contamination areas in five Iraqi governorates, including Baghdad, Karbala, Babylon, Diyala and Salah al-Din. The atomic absorption technique was used to estimate the concentrations of heavy metals, the results showed that there were significant differences at (P≤0.05) between the concentrations of these elements in the honey samples, the highest concentrations of cadmium 0.123 mg/kg were recorded in Baghdad, near the petrochemical production complex, lead 4.657 mg/kg and nickel 0.023 mg/kg in Babylon near the power plant, iron was 1.863 mg/kg in Karbala near the waste collection and incineration plant, and all the concentrations of cadmium and lead in the studied honey samples were higher than the acceptable limits set by the European Commission Regulation.

scholarly journals Presencia de metales pesados Cadmio y Plomo en el estuario del río Chone Manabí, Ecuador.// Presence of cadmium and lead heavy metals in the estuary of Chone River - Manabí, Ecuador

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Francisco Pozo Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Del Rio

El presente estudio busca determinar la presencia de metales pesados, Cadmio y Plomo, en el estuario del Río Chone, Ecuador, durante Junio a Septiembre de 2014; se obtuvieron seis muestras de agua y cinco de suelo en seis sitios, con dos réplicas por sitios, dando el total de 66 muestras. El análisis se realizó según el protocolo del Kit para Cadmio y Plomo de Merck-Millipore. En el agua las concentraciones de Cadmio fueron mayores en el sitio P4 (0,129 mg/L). En el sedimento, el nivel de Cadmio en el sitio P2 presentó mayor acumulación (0,0033 mg/g), para Plomo, los sitios con mayor nivel fueron P5 y P6 (0,18 – 0,21 mg/L respectivamente), lugares con mayor flujo de agua del estuario del Río Chone (8 UPS: Unidades Prácticas de Salinidad) y menor influencia con las corrientes del agua del Mar (30 UPS). Los resultados comparados con la legislación Ecuatoriana evidencian concentraciones  altas de Cadmio en el ecosistema del estuario en estudio, que podría afectar la salud de organismos que viven a nivel de la columna de agua, tales como peces, al igual que actividades de recreación de los bañistas locales, de los cantones Sucre y San Vicente Manabí.ABSTRACTThe present study aims to determine the presence of cadmium and lead heavy metals in the Chone River estuary; Ecuador, during June to September 2014, six water samples and five soil samples were obtained at six sites, with two replications per site giving a total of 66 samples. The analysis was performed according to the protocol of Merck-Millipore Kit for cadmium and lead. Cadmium concentrations in the water were higher at the P4 site (0.129 mg/L). The level of cadmium in the sediment showed greater accumulation (0.0033 mg/g) in the P2 site. The sites with higher level of lead were P5 and P6 (0.18 y 0.21 mg/L respectively), these were places with greater flow of water of the Chone River estuary (8 UPS: Practical Units of Salinity) and less influence of the sea water currents (30 UPS).The results compared with Ecuadorian legislation show high concentrations of cadmium in the ecosystem of Chone River estuary, which could affect the health of organisms living at the water column level, such as fish, as well as recreational activities for local bathers from Sucre and San Vicente cantons from Manabí province.

scholarly journals Evaluate the Distribution of Heavy Elements that Dissolved in Ground Water Using IDW in AL-Wafa City, Al-Ramadi,Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (51) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Hala A Rasheed ◽  
Auday H. Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Spatial Maps

Groundwater can be assessed by studying water wells. This study was conducted in Al-Wafa District, Anbar Governorate, Iraq. The water samples were collected from 24 different wells in the study area, in January 2021. A laboratory examination of the samples was conducted. Geographical information systems technique was relied on to determine the values of polluting elements in the wells. The chemical elements that were measured were [cadmium, lead, cobalt and chromium]. The output of this research were planned to be spatial maps that show the distribution of the elements with respect to their concentrations. The results show a variation in the heavy elements concentrations at the studied area groundwater. The samples show different values of concentrations; for Cadmium (0.218-1.624) ppm, Lead (0.217-1.157) ppm, Cobalt (0.014-0156) ppm, and for Chromium (0.045-0263) ppm. The distribution of the materials concentrations differs for each element which is refer to the sources of pollution are not relate to industry, but it could be relate to fertilization.

Accumulation of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb) in mullets Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) and Ellochelon vaigiensis(Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) from Damb Harbor, Balochistan, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Quratulan Ahmed ◽  
Semra Benzer ◽  
Qadeer M. Ali ◽  
A. Buksh Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Pb Accumulation ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

AbstractIn this study, muscle samples collected from Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) and Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) caught on the Balochistan coast (Damb Harbor) between January and December 2015 (during the northeast monsoon, post-monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons, and the southwest monsoon) were analyzed to determine concentrations of heavy metals: iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium and lead by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, expressed per unit of dry weight of each sample. The average measured level of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb for P. subviridis was 26.70 ± 11.49 μg g−1, 13.82 ± 4.56 μg g−1, 1.66 ± 0.84 μg g−1, 0.24 ± 0.10 μg g−1, 0.06 ± 0.07 μg g−1 and 0.17 ± 0.14 μg g−1, respectively. The average level of the same metals for E. vaigiensis was 29.26 ± 10.18 μg g−1, 18.85 ± 6.28 μg g−1, 2.18 ± 1.01 μg g−1, 0.32 ± 0.14 μg g−1, 0.25 ± 0.11 μg g−1 and 0.30 ± 0.12 μg g−1, respectively. The highest Pb accumulation (0.56 μg g−1 and 0.61 μg g−1) detected in P. subviridis and E. vaigiensis is above the limit value (0.50 μg g−1) reported by FAO, hence the accumulation of Pb in these two fish species should be monitored in the future.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES AND HEAVY METALS (CR, CD AND PB) COMPOSITION IN SEDIMENTS ALONG PAHANG RIVER, MALAYSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Huzaimi Mohd Amin ◽  
Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Yunus ◽  
Noor Faizul Hadry Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
North East ◽  
Colony Number ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Bacterial communities show complex and sensitive response towards the environmental stimulation. Pahang River is one of the important inland aquatic biodiversity resources that provide food and excellent habitat for many organisms including microorganisms. Higher bacterial diversity is assumed to increase ecosystem capacity to resist and recover from perturbation. Hence, it is important to assess the impacts of heavy metals composition towards distribution of bacteria in sediments along Pahang River. A study on heavy metals composition such as chromium, cadmium and lead was carried out along the Pahang River using Teflon Bomb digestion processes and were analyzed using ICP-MS. Overall 19 sampling areas along Pahang River with frequency of 20-30 km for each site were chosen as our sampling stations. Sampling was conducted during pre and post of North-East monsoon season. The average dry weight concentration for chromium (Cr) was found between 3.250 and 21.950 µg/g, cadmium (Cd) ranged from 0.019 to 0.403 µg/g and lead (Pb) 8.024 to 20.660 µg/g. The bacterial community in sediments along Pahang River was determined using culture-based method. The bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) range was found between 1013.33 CFU/g and 28826.67 CFU/g. This study demonstrated that the concentration of heavy metals and bacterial colony number different at each station during pre and post-monsoon. Apart from that, the heavy metals composition can influence the changes of bacterial colony number. However this changes also influence by other factors such as physicochemical parameters, sediments size, nutrient contents in the river and also sediments and water run-off. The condition of Pahang River is still conducive and activities that causing pollution should be stopped.

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