scholarly journals Plebiscites in Europe after the First World War

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2021) (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Osojnik ◽  
Aleš Maver
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
World War ◽  
Popular Vote ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

The article discusses plebiscites held in years after the First World War, specifically in 1920 and 1921. They were conducted for the purpose of redrawing borders in areas where this was difficult due to their multinational structure, as well as economic, geographical, and historical factors. Thus, the great powers, who were on a winning side in the First World War, in some cases decided for an instrument of popular vote, which was not a novelty in history, but was then used for the first time to a greater extend. In the article, the authors present the similarities and differences between the discussed plebiscites.

From the history of the military past of composer and conductor Boris Galaev

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Felix S. Kireev
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Musical Activity ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

Boris Alexandrovich Galaev is known as an outstanding composer, folklorist, conductor, educator, musical and public figure. He has a great merit in the development of musical culture in South Ossetia. All the musical activity of B.A. Galaev is studied and analyzed in detail. In most of the biographies of B.A. Galaev about his participation in the First World War, there is only one proposal that he served in the army and was a bandmaster. For the first time in historiography the participation of B.A. Galaev is analyzed, and it is found out what positions he held, what awards he received, in which battles he participated. Based on the identified documentary sources, for the first time in historiography, it occured that B.A. Galaev was an active participant in the First World War on the Caucasian Front. He went on attacks, both on foot and horse formation, was in reconnaissance, maintained communication between units, received military awards. During this period, he did not have time to study his favorite music, since, according to the documents, he was constantly at the front, in the battle formations of the advanced units. He had to forget all this heroic past and tried not to mention it ever after. Therefore, this period of his life was not studied by the researchers of his biography. For writing this work, the author uses the Highest Orders on the Ranks of the Military and the materials of the Russian State Military Historical Archive (RSMHA).

Rescued from the Brink: the Collapse and Resurgence of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
Andrew Atherstone
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
First World War ◽  
Conservative Estimate ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World ◽  
The Church

The twenty-five theological colleges of the Church of England entered the 1960s in buoyant mood. Rooms were full, finances were steadily improving, expansion seemed inevitable. For four years in succession, from 1961 to 1964, ordinations exceeded six hundred a year, for the first time since before the First World War, and the peak was expected to rise still higher. In a famously misleading report, the sociologist Leslie Paul predicted that at a ‘conservative estimate’ there would be more than eight hundred ordinations a year by the 1970s. In fact, the opposite occurred. The boom was followed by bust, and the early 1970s saw ordinations dip below four hundred. The dramatic plunge in the number of candidates offering themselves for Anglican ministry devastated the theological colleges. Many began running at a loss and faced imminent bankruptcy. In desperation the central Church authorities set about closing or merging colleges, but even their ruthless cutbacks could not keep pace with the fall in ordinands.

The Interim II: 1914–1922

Rilke ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 304-356
Author(s):  
Charlie Louth
Keyword(s):  
German Literature ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
The First World War ◽  
French Tradition ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

This chapter continues the examination of Rilke’s ‘interim’ work with a focus on his responses to German literature, which he began to read in a more systematic fashion at this time, moving away from the French tradition which he had virtually made himself part of in Paris. Although the First World War stifled Rilke’s writing, he remained committed to a poetics of experimentation. The chapter looks in detail at his relationship with the poetry of Hölderlin, which was edited fully for the first time in these years and, within the context of the war, goes on to deal with the ‘phallic’ ‘Sieben Gedichte’ and other poems including ‘Der Tod’, ‘An die Musik’ and ‘Laß dir, daß Kindheit war…’ ending with ‘Solang du Selbstgeworfnes fängst…’ as a prelude to the Duineser Elegien.

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