scholarly journals On the issue of penitentiary institutions classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kozhokaru
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Execution Plan ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rich Content ◽  
Concept Type

The penitentiary system of the Republic of Moldova has entered a stage of reform since it was transferred from the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the Ministry of Justice. For about 20 years under the auspices of the Ministry of Justice, similar to the European penitentiary systems, the national system has been experiencing the same difficulties: a high rate of recidivism, overcrowding in places of detention, an increase in cases of detection of prohibited items and substances in penitentiary institutions, lack of staff and insufficient financial resources. The situation at the national level differs from the general European practice in terms of separate detention of persons sentenced to imprisonment. The penalty of imprisonment is executed in penitentiary institutions of the following types: open, semi-closed, for juveniles (in which conditions correspond to semi-closed penitentiary institutions) and for women, in which the regime of detention corresponds to the regime established for open, semi-closed or closed type of penitentiary institutions, depending on the category of penitentiary institutions assigned by the sentence. The rigidity of the established system is determined by the clear definition in the law of the categories of prisoners and types of penitentiary institutions for serving sentences. It is not allowed to change the type of penitentiary institution. Such a system of imprisonment execution, established by mandatory norms of criminal law, not only creates a problem for the effective implementation of criminal justice (individualization of punishment), but also determines the need to organize three modes of detention in each type of penitentiary institution. Consequently, most penitentiary institutions should have at least 12 separate detention sectors, corresponding to each type of penitentiary and detention regime. At the same time, the problem of choosing the categories of sectors that should be present in a penitentiary institution becomes very relevant. This is due to the fact that the regime of a sentence execution in the form of imprisonment in a penitentiary institution does not consist in simple isolation, but in a regime with a rich content consisting of various aspects of life and activities of convicts during execution of sentences. Based on the results of the study, the author suggests revising the content of the concept “type of penitentiary institution”. This concept should include not only the level of accessibility within the penitentiary institution, but also the restrictions necessary for the detention of persons deprived of their liberty, depending on the assessment of their psychological profile, behavior and individual execution plan.

OBJECTIVES OF DEVELOPING ANALYTICAL ACTIVITY IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CORRUPTION CRIMES

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Francisco Talmaci ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
The Republic

This article sets out the objectives of developing analytical work in investigating criminal offenses, with particular reference to preventing and combating corruption offenses in the Republic of Moldova. Also, were analyzed the changes in legislation, which had a positive impact on the analytical activity carried out by the National Anticorruption Center, and it proposes new measures for the development of this activity in terms of science, education and institutions. The results of the research outline the need to develop guidelines for the training of future intelligence analysts, the approval of a model of criminal analysis at the national level and the introduction of a new discipline of study in police faculties - criminal analysis.

scholarly journals Rabies eradication measures in wildlife in the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Maxim SIRBU ◽  
Nicolae STARCIUC
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
National Program ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Factor

Introduction. Rabies is one of the most dangerous zoonoses in the world with a lethality rate around 100% of infected animals. The main factor in rabies’ control is the prophylactic immunization of domestic and wild carnivores. Material and methods. As a research material for this manuscript, a number of rabies cases in wildlife over the last 5 years was studied, as well as some data from the national program regarding the vaccination of wildlife animals in the Republic of Moldova. Results. The anual incidence of rabies in wildlife was determined to range between 12 to 25% of the total number of rabies cases at national level. Due to vaccination by combining some methods (aerial and manual), the incidence of positive cases of rabies in wildlife has decreased by 48% in the last 5 years. Conclusions. The use of the mixed vaccination method of wildlife animals (manual and the distribution of baits by plane) contributed significantly to reducing the incidence of rabies in wildlife.

scholarly journals Implementing a package of noncommunicable disease interventions in the Republic of Moldova: two-year follow-up data

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Collins ◽  
Laura Inglin ◽  
Tiina Laatikainen ◽  
Angela Ciobanu ◽  
Ghenadie Curocichin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Risk Factor Control ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Republic

SUMMARY Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing challenge in the Republic of Moldova. A previously reported pilot cluster randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the feasibility of implementing and evaluating essential interventions for NCDs (e.g. cardiovascular risk scoring, hypertension management, statin treatment, etc.) in primary health care in the Republic of Moldova, with a view toward national scale up. One-year follow-up data (previously published) demonstrated modest improvements in NCD risk factor identification and management could be achieved. Herein, we report the second-year follow-up data and conclude that sustainable improvements in NCD risk factor control (e.g. hypertension control) can be achieved in primary health care in low resource settings by adapting existing resources (e.g. WHO PEN) and conducting focused clinical training and support. If scaled to a national level, these improvements in risk factor control could significantly translate to reductions in premature mortality from NCDs.

scholarly journals Internationalization of universities of the Republic of Moldova in the context of globalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Valentin Railean ◽  
Corina Railean
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
National Level ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Current Stage ◽  
Education Process

Abstract Higher education in the Republic of Moldova faces many challenges: the reduction of the student body, low levels of financing, as well as the requirement of alignment to the European standards of higher education. The internationalization of the education process can lead to the settlement of these issues and it is also an important tool in academic development, fulfilling the needs of the medium and allowing the adjustment to the existing quality standards on an institutional and national level. This paper aims at analyzing the current stage reached by institutions in the internationalization process, describing the actualities and outlining the prospects

scholarly journals International experience on risk management and the possibility of its use in the Republic of Moldova

Economica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Natalia Bancila ◽  
◽  
Nadejda Botnari ◽  
Vasile Leorda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
National Level ◽  
International Level ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
The Republic

Research of the aspects related to risk management presumes multiple complex tools, policies and measures which are a result of management decisions, the quality of which impacts the effectiveness of risk management and subsequently the activity of economic operators, fact that reflects the topicality and the importance of the investigated subject. Thus, it is opportune to research and analyse the most effective risk management methods and techniques applied both on the national, and international level, that would contribute to the decrease, avoidance or risk limitation and would strengthen the economic-financial performance of business. The aim of the research implies achieving such objectives like: identify strengths of risk management methods and practices on the international level; describe the main peculiarities that distinguish the national and international practice in terms of risk management, argue on the need of transposing best practices in terms of effective risk management applied by economic operators on the national level.

Note privind ariile naturale protejate în Republica Moldova

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru Cocirta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Present State ◽  
National Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Surface Changes

In the paper are described the results of the study on the state and development of the natural protected areas in the Republic of Moldova. The paper presents the analysis of some factological data on the past and present state of protected areas at global, European and national level, as wel as the caracteristics of their surface changes in the last decades and some visions of their perspectives. In the final part of the paper are presented some conclusions and proposals on the development of the natural protected areas in the Republic of Moldova in accordance with European and international requirements.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of clinical-paraclinical manifestations of rotavirus infection versus genotypical variety in infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Ala DONOS ◽  
Tatiana ALSALIEM ◽  
Constantin SPINU ◽  
Ninel REVENCO ◽  
Valentin TUREA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
National Immunization Program ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. RVI (rotavirus infection) is the most common cause of dehydration in infants and young children. The implementation of the sentinel surveillance of RVI in infants from 2008 in the Republic of Moldova demonstrated the high rate of this infection (40.0%), being an argument in recommending the antirotaviral immunization in children within the National Immunization Program. Material and methods. The study enrolled 193 children with acute diarrheal disease, included in the sentinel supervision (2012-2016) and treated in the Unit for Acute Diarrheal Diseases at Children’s Clinical Hospital no. 1. The biological material was examined by serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and genotyping, revealed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. The rotavirus infection was confirmed in 193 infants, of which 121 children were not vaccinated against RVI, and 72 were immunized. Depending on the genotypes encountered before and after vaccination, it was found that G9P [8], G3P[8], G4P[8] were detected before vaccination, although postvaccine prevailed G2P[4], G4P[8]. In addition, the incidence of RVI is decreasing and the disease evolution is much better. Conclusions. This article reflects the evolution of the genotypic properties of rotaviruses and the clinical-paraclinical particularities of RVI in infants, highlighting the importance of the implementation of antiretroviral immunization in children within the National Immunization Program in the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the Republic of Moldova: achievements and remaining challenges in prevention and control

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1162-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Guriev ◽  
Constantin Spinu ◽  
Octavian Sajen ◽  
Maria Isac ◽  
Igor Spinu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

Viral hepatitis, especially those with parenteral and sexual transmission, still remain a major problem of public health, both globally and for the Republic of Moldova, due to wide spreading, endemicity, increased morbidity and mortality and high rate of invalidity following the chronization of infection, but usually neglected by population and public health authorities. This paper describes the epidemiology and preventive and control measures of hepatitis C in Moldova. Epidemiological analysis of the surveillance data on hepatitis C incidence in the Republic of Moldova was conducted. The data were obtained from the national reporting system of infectious diseases and serosurvey studies. Epidemiological particularities of acute and chronic hepatitis C in general Moldovan population and specific risk groups were evaluated. National hepatitis policies for prevention and control were analyzed. Only consolidation of all the actions stipulated in the national and international normative documents on the prevention and control of hepatitis, will help to reduce the morbidity of viral hepatitis C and probably to eliminate the new cases of disease in some regions.

scholarly journals THE WELL-BEING OF THE OLDER PEOPLE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA: DETERMINANTS AND CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Republic

It is attested at the national level that three-quarters of human capital aged 55 and over in Moldova represent an untapped potential for active aging, which means limited opportunities to get old in good health, to be active economically, to have a safe and secure social life. Meanwhile, more older people are in a group risk with high socio-economic vulnerability. According to national demographic prognoses, by the year 2035, every third person would be over 60. At the regional level, Moldova has the lowest indicators on the quality of life of the older people, on the human capital in older age and on the opportunities to empower this category of the population. The paper focuses to calculate and evaluate some indicators of well-being and social inclusion of the older people in the Republic of Moldova. The challenges which the older people population is facing (poor living conditions, financial and material deprivation, limited access, and quality of health services, restricted physical security, etc.) are highlighted. The analysis is based on the latest available national statistics and empirical data. To emphasize determinants of material wellbeing of the older people the binary logistic regression model had been developed based on primary data of the “Discrimination, abuse and violence against older people in Moldova” (2014, CDR, HelpAge) sociological survey of persons aged 60 and over. The factors, which have a significant impact on the material welfare of the older people, are residence area and age, labour market position, the migrant experience, educational attendance, self-perceived health, age-friendly community perception.

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