scholarly journals Sweden, South Africa and the business of partnership in the 1990s

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-65
Author(s):  
Nikolas Glover
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Era ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Partnership ◽  
High Level ◽  
Political Solidarity ◽  
Pedagogical Function

This article examines the background and ambitions of the large-scale Swedish-South Africa Partnership Week that was rolled out across South Africa in November 1999. The Swedish delegation was spearheaded by Prime Minister Göran Persson and consisted of 800 Swedes; high-level ministers, diplomats, civil society representatives and business leaders. The analysis places particular emphasis on the involvement of Swedish multinationals and the central role played by the public relations agency Rikta Kommunikation. Its focus lies on the broader pedagogical function that the Week was intended to have, primarily from a Swedish point of view. I argue that the stated aim to forge an economic partnership between Sweden and South Africa as the logical extension of decades of historical political solidarity was a means of ensuring that citizens learned to understand the pressures and demands of the new era of globalisation. The foreseeable end of Swedish aid to South Africa was to be the dawn of self-sustaining economic relations; “business interests” – for so long derided by the anti-apartheid activists – were henceforth to lead the way. In light of this, I conclude by arguing that the official launch and marketing of a bilateral partnership in 1999 can be seen as part of a government-funded effort to adapt Swedish internationalism to a new era.

scholarly journals Public Danger of Corruption Crimes in the Sphere of Housing and Communal Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-484
Author(s):  
S. I. Kel'm
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Group ◽  
Natural Monopoly ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Control ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Administrative Functions ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
High Level

Currently, housing and communal services as a specific form of socio-economic relations are most susceptible to criminal influence. The Author of the article examines corruption crimes in the field of housing and communal services (HCS) from the point of view of public danger. Corruption as a social and legal phenomenon continues to be a dangerous factor in the development of the housing and utilities sector. The article draws attention to the systemic nature of corruption crimes in the housing sector. It is noted that the majority of crimes in the housing and communal sector are stable corruption and are committed by officials, as well as by persons performing organizational, administrative and administrative functions at the enterprises of housing and communal services. The criminals have adapted to the new system of functioning of the housing and communal services and forms of control over its activities. They began to more often involve enterprise accountants, relatives and other close persons in their criminal schemes, thereby forming a stable criminal group in which all roles are carefully distributed and thought out. The Author analyzes judicial practice in corruption-related cases in the field of housing and communal services. The most typical ways of committing crimes in this area are shown. Attention is paid to violations related to the resettlement of citizens from hazardous housing. The issue of the organization of natural monopoly in our country, which reduce the effectiveness of the existing measures of state control and which directly affect the growth of corruption crimes, is investigated. Attention is focused on the deliberate obfuscation of the property rights of resource-supplying organizations and the withdrawal of income to offshore zones. The factors that contribute to the growth of corruption crimes in this industry are noted. On the basis of the study, the author concludes that the social danger of corruption crimes in the sphere of housing and communal services is conditioned by a high level of organization, selfish involvement of officials in the redistribution of funds in their favor, as well as the intricacy of schemes and methods of withdrawing funds from enterprises of housing and communal services.

scholarly journals Crisis in Bilateral Economic Cooperation between Russia and Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-208
Author(s):  
K. A. Nikulin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Economic Partnership ◽  
Trade And Investment

The article examines the dynamics and features of the trade and economic partnership between Spain and Russia from 2014 to the present, considering the latest challenges. The once promising trajectory of the development of bilateral trade and mutual investment has undergone significant tests: in addition to the sanctions pressure of the collective West countries, the situation has been complicated by the global crisis in the world economy, significant changes in world markets for goods and services, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In these conditions, the study of indicators of Russian-Spanish trade and economic interaction is of interest both from the point of view of forming a forecast for the development of bilateral economic relations and highlighting those industries towards which the emphasis in trade and investment is gradually shifting. The question arises: is it possible to return to the indicators of bilateral trade and investment inherent in Russian-Spanish economic relations before the imposition of sanctions? The data on the bilateral trade presented by the Russian and Spanish national statistics differ insignificantly in terms of the total trade turnover but have severe differences at the level of the trade balance. Based on both countries’ statistical databases, the author of the article presents the possible reasons for such discrepancies and considers the general dynamics of the state of foreign trade between Russia and Spain. In addition to stating the negative trends in foreign trade, there are problems in investment cooperation, which until recently was considered one of the “strongholds” of bilateral cooperation under the pressure of sanctions.

IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FOOD SITUATION IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 960-971
Author(s):  
N.N. Shurakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food System ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Global Challenge

The article examines such a new global challenge as the coronavirus pandemic. The features of this large-scale, unprecedented shock and the economic crisis agent are analyzed. It was noted that among the affected sectors of the world economy, there is the global agri-food system: a demand shock is superimposed on the supply shock, world trade is paralyzed, logistics flows are disrupted, supply chains are disrupted, and agricultural production is likely to decline. The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a fall in the Russian economy. It is concluded that currently nothing threatens food security from the point of view of physical accessibility. However, the economic availability of food may not be ensured due to income loss and rising prices. In addition, COVID-19 may negatively affect the country’s export-oriented food course, foreign economic relations in the agro-industrial sector and the current import substitution policy. Despite the fact that the country is currently provided with food, there are still problems connected with the dependence on the import of technologies and components, machinery and equipment, breeding products and seeds. It has been substantiated that in order to prevent food crisis in the foreseeable future, the restructuring and stabilization of food systems at the national and global levels is required, which could ensure their sustainability and smooth operation in terms of creating backup channels and reserves to prevent disruptions and blockages in supply chains that are observed in period of COVID-19.

scholarly journals TAX ON FREE TIME

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Justyna Konsek-Ciechońska
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Tools

Tax constitutes one of economic tools of the policy of the state that makes it possible to affect the form of socio-economic relations between the state and the taxpayers. According to many scientists, proper functioning of the entire state and its institutions depends on effective collection of incomes, vast majority of which, approx. 80-90% is constituted by tax incomes48. Demand of the state for financial resources, especially within last decades has been constantly growing. Meanwhile, 100 years ago, J. Schumpeter already stated that high level of fiscalism adversely affects the growth of economy, and exceeding the boundaries of fiscal capabilities of the state may lead to a deep crisis49.However, from the point of view of achieving the fiscal and non-fiscal goals efficiently, the most important issue of the tax policy should be to burden the citizens with public tributes in an even and moderate manner. There is no doubt that it is difficult to determine the most optimal form of tax system, both in fiscal and non-fiscal aspect. It is not an easy task to balance, in the tax system, the goal of efficiency and justice of taxation, in simultaneous consideration of its social and economic size. Each system that would efficiently and rationally affect the economy and society of particular state must be based on particular principles in order to properly fulfill its functions, including social functions.Free time constitutes specific goods, as on one hand it is a substitute with respect to other goods when the individual makes a decision related to dividing the budget between free time and work. More free time is less time dedicated to work, which leads to less income and consumption. On the other side, when the decision related to structure of free time and work is made, free time becomes complementary with respect to goods that are consumed, since it is difficult to consume anything without free time. What would happen if the state imposed lump sum, income and consumption tax on free time as well?The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of taxation of free time and to present the manner in which lump sum, income and consumption tax affect the social welfare. The research method that was used in the paper is literature studies and sources of the tax law in force.

SPECIFICITY OF MANAGING THE CROSS-BORDER MOVEMENT OF SPECIAL GOODS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF TRANSPLANTATION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (181) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Glaz ◽  
◽  
T.G. Martseva ◽  
E.V. Harahodi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Donor Organs

Modern economic relations are the private sector of public relations. The rapid development of markets, the complication of commodity-money relations, the development of service, scientific and technological progress, new means and methods of business have covered the key spheres of life: health care, education, social security, etc. The article reveals the economic and legal aspect of the regulation of relations in the field of transplantology. The authors noted that the sphere of transplantation in the socio-economic development of countries and the world community as a whole is an integral part of the medical sphere, contributing to the solution of the issue of life and death, can be attributed to the key interests of national security. This determines the relevance of the topic. Donor bodies are a particularly significant category of goods, considered by specialists not only from the point of view of bioethical norms, but also from the point of view of legality, pricing and methods of government regulation. The imperfection of the mechanism of state regulation, the specifics of registration and transportation, the lack of effective logistics are noted by the authors as a complex of problems requiring solution. The novelty of the research is predetermined by the analysis of the key norms of international law that predetermine the mechanism of the transboundary movement of donor organs. The direction of the vector of policy of individual states and the international community in the development of the market for donor organs is in direct proportion. This, in turn, requires the development of solutions both in the field of legal support for the legality of operations for the receipt, distribution and use of donor organs, as well as the development of a unified policy of coordinated interaction.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN–JAPANESE TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS: IS THERE A NEW FULCRUM?

2016 ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
D. V. Streltsov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Economic Partnership

Against the background of political chilling between Russia and Japan trade and economic cooperation objectively form a basis for a positive development of bilateral relations in the foreseeable future. The structure of mutual trade has not changed significantly for a number of years. Russia plays the role as a pivotal supplier of certain raw materials for the Japanese market, namely energy resources, non-ferrous metals, seafood and timber. From Japan Russia imports mainly passenger cars and a certain amount of industrial equipment. With regard to investment relations between Russia and Japan, there exists a serious structural problem - the two economies are interdependent from the point of view of the technological division of labor. Russia, particularly its Eastern regions, not possessing sufficient infrastructure and logistics capabilities, as well as cheap labor resources, does not have any competitive advantages for Japanese investment compared to other countries like China. The potential of Russia is mostly viewed in Japan just as an energy donor. Thus the largest prospects of investment cooperation lie in the energy sphere. One can talk of the possibility for raising Russia's share in the Japanese oil and LNG markets. This perspective is supported by the instability of the political situation in the Middle East, which is Japan's main partner for energy supplies. In this connection, large-scale investment projects in the energy field, like the construction of gas pipeline "Sakhalin - Japan" or a power bridge "Sakhalin - Hokkaido", retain their perceptiveness. However, given the political, juridical, organizational, technical and other problems, these projects are difficult for implementation at the present stage. In this situation, the allocation of a certain share for Japan in the strategic energy deposits of Siberia and the Far East and the admission of Japanese capital to the exploration and development of these deposits seem to be a realistic choice for Russian strategic planning towards Japan, as such a cooperation would not be a subject of Western sanctions against Russia. For Russia it is important to build with Japan relationship on a more long-term and lasting basis. One of the possible ways here is to conclude a bilateral economic partnership agreement.

Computer Analyses in Preventive Health Research

1967 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Collen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
New Era ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Normal Test ◽  
Computer Analyses

The utilization of an automated multitest laboratory as a data acquisition center and of a computer for trie data processing and analysis permits large scale preventive medical research previously not feasible. Normal test values are easily generated for the particular population studied. Long-term epidemiological research on large numbers of persons becomes practical. It is our belief that the advent of automation and computers has introduced a new era of preventive medicine.

Birlikte Yaşama Kültürü Çerçevesinde Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye Politikaları: Suriyelilere Yönelik Tutumun Sultanbeyli Örneği Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Pelin Sönmez ◽  
Abulfaz Süleymanov
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Turkish People

Türkiye, Cumhuriyet tarihinin en yoğun zorunlu göç dalgasını 2011 yılından bu yana süren Suriye Savaşı ile yaşamaktadır. Suriye vatandaşlarının geçici koruma statüsü altında Türkiye toplumuna her açıdan entegrasyonları günümüzün ve geleceğin politika öncelikleri arasında düşünülmelidir. Öte yandan ülkeye kabul edilen sığınmacıların kendi kültürel kimliğini kaybetmeden içinde yaşadığı ev sahibi topluma uyumu, ortak yaşam kültürünün gelişmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede, "misafir" olarak kabul edilen Suriyeli vatandaşların Türk toplumunca kabul edilmeleri ve dışlanma risklerinin azaltılmasına yönelik devlet politikaları ortaya konularak, üye ve aday ülkelere göçmenlerin dışlanmasını önlemek için Avrupa Birliği (AB) tarafından sunulan hukuki yapı ve kamu hizmeti inisiyatifleri incelenmekte, birlikte yaşam kültürü çerçevesinde Suriyeli vatandaşlara yönelik  toplumsal kabul düzeyleri ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır: göçmen ve sığınmacılara karşı toplumsal dışlanmayı engellemek için benimsenen yasa ve uygulamaların etkisi ve İstanbul-Sultanbeyli bölgesinde Suriyeli sığınmacılarla ilgili toplumsal algı çalışmasının sonuçları. Bölgede ikamet eden Suriyelilere yönelik toplumsal kabul düzeyinin yüksek olduğu görülürken, halkın Suriyelileri kendilerine  kültürel ve dini olarak yakın hissetmesi toplumsal kabul düzeyini olumlu etkilemektedir. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHAn evaluation of the European Union and Turkish policies regarding the culture of living togetherThis article aims to determine the level of social acceptance towards Syrians within the context of cohabitation culture by evaluating EU’s legal structure and public service initiatives in order to prevent Syrian refugees from being excluded in member and candidate countries and by revealing government policies on acceptance of Syrians as “guest” by Turkish society and minimizing the exclusion risks of them. This article consists of two main parts, one of which is based on the effects of law and practices preventing refugees and asylum seekers from social exclusion, and the other is on the results of social perception on Syrians in Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul. At the end of 5-years taking in Syrian War, it is obvious that most of more than 3 million Syrian with unregistered ones in Turkey are “here to stay”. From this point of view, the primary scope of policies should be specified in order to remove side effects of refugee phenomenon seen as weighty matter by bottoming out the exclusion towards those people. To avoid possible large-scale conflicts or civil wars in the future, the struggle with exclusion phenomenon plays a crucial role regarding Turkey’s sociological situation and developing policies. In the meaning of forming a model for Turkey, a subtitle in this article is about public services for European-wide legal acquis and practices carried out since 1970s in order to prevent any exclusion from the society. On the other hand, other subtitles are about legal infrastructure and practices like Common European Asylum and Immigration Policies presented in 2005, and Law on Foreigners and International Protection introduced in 2013. In the last part of the article, the results of a field survey carried out in a district of Istanbul were used to analyze the exclusion towards refugees in Turkey. A face-to-face survey was randomly conducted with 200 settled refugees in Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul, and their perceptions towards Syrian people under temporary protection were evaluated. According to the results, the level of acceptance for Syrians living in this district seems relatively high. The fact that Turkish people living in the same district feel close to Syrian refugees culturally and religiously affect their perception in a positive way: however, it is strikingly seen and understood that local residents cop an attitude on the refugees’ becoming Turkish citizens.

Methods of Network Planning and Management when Implementing Territory Planning Projects

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Network Planning ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Planning Project ◽  
Complex Process

The success of the Program of housing stock renovation in Moscow depends on the efficiency of resource management. One of the main urban planning documents that determine the nature of the reorganization of residential areas included in the Program of renovation is the territory planning project. The implementation of the planning project is a complex process that has a time point of its beginning and end, and also includes a set of interdependent parallel-sequential activities. From an organizational point of view, it is convenient to use network planning and management methods for project implementation. These methods are based on the construction of network models, including its varieties – a Gantt chart. A special application has been developed to simulate the implementation of planning projects. The article describes the basic principles and elements of modeling. The list of the main implementation parameters of the Program of renovation obtained with the help of the developed software for modeling is presented. The variants of using the results obtained for a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of large-scale urban projects are proposed.

Social inequality in the evolution of human societies

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Georgi Derluguian
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Transition To Agriculture ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Political Economic

The author develops ideas about the origin of social inequality during the evolution of human societies and reflects on the possibilities of its overcoming. What makes human beings different from other primates is a high level of egalitarianism and altruism, which contributed to more successful adaptability of human collectives at early stages of the development of society. The transition to agriculture, coupled with substantially increasing population density, was marked by the emergence and institutionalisation of social inequality based on the inequality of tangible assets and symbolic wealth. Then, new institutions of warfare came into existence, and they were aimed at conquering and enslaving the neighbours engaged in productive labour. While exercising control over nature, people also established and strengthened their power over other people. Chiefdom as a new type of polity came into being. Elementary forms of power (political, economic and ideological) served as a basis for the formation of early states. The societies in those states were characterised by social inequality and cruelties, including slavery, mass violence and numerous victims. Nowadays, the old elementary forms of power that are inherent in personalistic chiefdom are still functioning along with modern institutions of public and private bureaucracy. This constitutes the key contradiction of our time, which is the juxtaposition of individual despotic power and public infrastructural one. However, society is evolving towards an ever more efficient combination of social initiatives with the sustainability and viability of large-scale organisations.

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