scholarly journals КОЛЛЕКТИВНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ЛИТВЫ ВО ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ С ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКОЙ

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
К.А. Зверев
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Memory Politics ◽  
Local Memory ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
The Republic

В статье рассматривается процесс складывания коллективной идентичности населения независимой Литвы в период 1990–2010-х гг. во взаимосвязи с местной политикой памяти. В момент обретения самостоятельности, в 1991 г., Литва являлась полиэтничным государством, где наряду с литовцами, составлявшими до 79% населения, проживали русскоязычные и поляки. В результате, местные власти столкнулись с необходимостью конструирования не только собственного политического механизма, вертикали власти, но и коллективной национальной идентичности, способной стать скрепляющим звеном нарождающейся государственности. Значительную роль в достижении данной цели сыграла литовская историческая политика, направленная не только на представителей титульного населения, но и на местные национальные меньшинства. В данной статье мы делаем попытку проследить особенности складывания коллективной идентичности, общественно-политического поведения литовцев, русскоязычных и поляков через исторические воззрения данных групп, а также степень восприимчивости населения Республики к государственной исторической парадигме. The article examines the collective identity of the population of independent Lithuania during the 1990s - 2010s in conjunction with local memory politics. At the time of gaining independence in 1991, Lithuania was a multinational state. Along with the Lithuanians, who constituted up to 79% of the population, it also had Russian-speaking and Polish residents. As a result, the local authorities faced the need to construct not only their own political mechanism but also a collective national identity capable of binding the emerging statehood. A significant role in achieving this goal was played by the Lithuanian historical policy, aimed not only at the ethnic Lithuanians but also at local ethnic minorities. In this article, we attempt to trace the formation of collective identity, the socio-political behavior of Lithuanians, Russian-speakers, and Poles through the historical views of these groups and the degree of susceptibility of the population of the Republic to the state historical paradigm.

scholarly journals Historical assessments in Estonian society: The identity of Estonians and Russian speakers in the context of local memory politics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Zverev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Memory Politics ◽  
Local Memory ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
Points Of View

The article examines the foundations of the historical paradigm of the modern Republic of Estonia and the degree of its perception by the local population. With the proclamation of independence, the local establishment decided to completely break with the Soviet past and had to construct not only its own political mechanism, the vertical of power, but also a new historical paradigm that could become a fastening link of the emerging statehood, as well as the Estonian society itself (its Estonian-speaking and Russian-speaking parts). The Estonian memory policy directly influenced the shaping of the collective identity of the local population – to a greater extent Estonians than Russian speakers. The state historical policy failed to become a fastening link for the multinational Republic and predictably defends (and even implants) the historical views of the titular population, without considering other points of view.

Bastions of Tradition: The Ethnic Factor and Political Machines in Russian Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-111
Author(s):  
Stanislav Shkel
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
The Republic

The regional machines created by the Russian governors in the mid-1990s turned out to be most effective in the ethnic republics. This phenomenon is supported by several facts, with the primary as follows: the density of the patronage networks among the rural ethnic minorities, and the economic heritage of the Soviet period and ethnical institutionalization. These factors allowed regional elites to integrate ethnic minorities into the clientelism structure to distribute symbolic and material benefits in exchange for their electoral support. However, at present, the federal authorities have considerably reduced the autonomy of the ethnic republics and deprived them of many ethnic preferences. Basing on the analysis of the electoral statistics from the Russian Presidential Election of 2018, this article researches the political consequences caused by the changed relationship between the center and the regions, as well as the changes in functioning of regional political machines in the circumstances where the governors’ institutional and resource autonomy has been reduced. The data analysis allowed for the discovery of the diversified electoral behavior of ethnic minorities in different republics. The reasons for the above diversification have been explained based on a comparative analysis of five case studies (the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Komi Republic, the Chuvash Republic, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)).

Integration of the Tatar communityto Azerbaijani society

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (08) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Эллада Амирага гызы Аббасова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Key Words ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

The development of international cooperation in the field of culture is extremely important, since it ensures wide and in-depth interaction between states and peoples, makes a real opportunity for dialogue, unites the cultures of the peoples of the world. Two fraternal countries have actively taken root in international cultural exchange; Azerbaijan and Tatarstan. Azerbaijan is a multicultural country that is home to many peoples and ethnic minorities. Representatives of the peoples inhabiting this region are full citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan, including the Tatars. The radical transformations that befell these countries at the end of the twentieth century influenced future events and their development. The Azerbaijani and Tatar peoples, whose relations have a long history, are linked by a common origin, similarity of language, culture and traditions. The relationship between the two peoples has strengthened even more during the years of independence. Key words: Tatars in Azerbaijan, activities of the Tatar community, cultural exchange, Tugan-Tel, Yashlek, Ak-Kalfak

Narratives of Irishness and the Problem of Abortion: The X Case 1992

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Smyth
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
The State ◽  
Rape Victim ◽  
Citizenship Status ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Abortion Politics ◽  
The Republic

This paper considers the ways in which discourses of abortion and discourses of national identity were constructed and reproduced through the events of the X case in the Republic of Ireland in 1992. This case involved a state injunction against a 14-year-old rape victim and her parents, to prevent them from obtaining an abortion in Britain. By examining the controversy the case gave rise to in the national press, I will argue that the terms of abortion politics in Ireland shifted from arguments based on rights to arguments centred on national identity, through the questions the X case raised about women's citizenship status, and women's position in relation to the nation and the state. Discourses of national identity and discourses of abortion shifted away from entrenched traditional positions, towards more liberal articulations.

‘Irishness’, the 1937 Constitution, and Citizenship: A Gender and Ethnicity View

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronit Lentin
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Central Factor ◽  
Irish Women ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of

This paper argues that ‘Irishness’ has not been sufficiently problematised in relation to gender and ethnicity in discussions of Irish national identity, nor has the term ‘Irish women’ been ethnically problematised. Sociological and feminist analyses of the access by women to citizenship of the Republic of Ireland have been similarly unproblematised. This paper interrogates some discourses of Irish national identity, including the 1937 Constitution, in which difference is constructed in religious, not ethnic terms, and in which women are constructed as ‘naturally’ domestic. Ireland's bourgeois nationalism privileged property owning and denigrated nomadism, thus excluding Irish Travellers from definitions of ‘Irishness’. The paper then seeks to problematise T.H. Marshall's definition of citizenship as ‘membership in a community’ from a gender and ethnicity viewpoint and argues that sociological and feminist studies of the gendered nature of citizenship in Ireland do not address access to citizenship by Traveller and other racialized women which this paper examines in brief. It does so in the context of the intersection between racism and nationalism, and argues that the racism implied in the narrow definition of ‘Irishness’ is a central factor in the limited access by minority Irish women to aspects of citizenship. It also argues that racism not only interfaces with other forms of exclusion such as class and gender, but also broadens our understanding of the very nature of Irish national identity.

scholarly journals «Люди ехали и верили: город будет!». К истории становления Элисты как города в 1928–1930 годах

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-777
Author(s):  
Altana M. Lidzhieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Early History ◽  
Local Memory ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. The article deals with the early history of Elista as a city, and makes a first attempt to anthropologically compare urban space at the initial stage of the city’s history to its current conditions. Goals. The paper examines the first and key stage in the formation and development of Elista as center of Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast. Materials. The bulk of analyzed sources are documents contained in the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. Results. The work concludes that the preservation of old buildings to date is a representation of the city’s local memory. As is shown, the preservation of historical architecture proved crucial to such a representation.

scholarly journals Communication Models of Local Self-Government as a Subject of Modern Russian Policy (Based on Local Self-Government Bodies of the Republic of Tatarstan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
Galina Morozova ◽  
◽  
Diana Fatikhova ◽  
Elmira Ziiatdinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Symmetrical Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of communication in the system of local self-government of the Republic of Tatarstan as a subject of the Russian Federation conducted by the authors in November – December 2019. The study included a survey of representatives of regional media and press services of local authorities of the Republic of Tatarstan in order to determine the model of communication in the local government system and the role of PR-activities in the regulation of social interaction in the region. Methods and materials. The main method of studying was the method of expert survey. The authors developed a questionnaire, which was used during an interview with experts. When choosing an expert – a media representative for the interview – the authors took into account three factors: the rating of the represented media, the experience of the respondent in the regional media (at least five years) and the authority to make a key decision on the publication of the material. In order to identify the experts who are representatives of local self-government bodies, the authors of the article determined the following criteria: implementation of information and analytical activities in the structure of local self-government bodies, at least 5 years of experience as a head of a structural unit (public relations / media relations department) of local self-government bodies. Analysis. The analysis showed that the development of social media accelerates the process of establishing a two-way model of communication between the government and the public. Social media have become a full-fledged source of information both for the journalistic community and for the press services of local governments. Moreover, with the help of the content posted in posts on official accounts on social networks, local governments can attract residents of the municipal territory to participate in solving local issues. Constant monitoring, responding to comments, tracking negative content on social media are becoming everyday practices in the work of press services. Results. The results of the study indicate that over the past decade in the Russian Federation the necessary prerequisites have been formed for the formation of a bilateral symmetrical model of communication between local authorities and the population. This model is aimed at providing effective feedback that allows the local government to quickly respond to the aspirations and needs of the population, monitor their dynamics, constantly monitor the attitude and assessments of citizens of decisions made on the development of the city or region.

scholarly journals National identity of secondary school students in the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1018-1054
Author(s):  
Dušan Ranđelović ◽  
Jelena Minić ◽  
Kristina Ranđelović
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Individual Characteristic ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
School Students ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Achievement Motive ◽  
The Republic

This paper was aimed at examining the structure and expression of national identity among secondary school students (N=568) in different towns in Serbia, its relation to self-esteem and achievement motive, as well as the differences regarding socio-demographic characteristics (sex and place of residence). The instruments used are the Scale of National Identity NAIT, the Global Self-Esteem Scale, and the Scale to Measure Achievement Motive MOP2002. The results have shown that the values of national identity are above the theoretical average and significantly higher than the values recorded among the adolescents in an earlier study. Among general characteristics of their own nation, secondary school students value culture more than history, character traits and state institutions (lowest-ranked in comparison to all other characteristics), finding that courage is the most pronounced individual characteristic, while the least pronounced one is hypocrisy. A positive correlation of national identity with self-esteem and achievement motive was obtained, whereas achievement motive is also a significant national identity predictor. Significant differences were found in the expression of national identity among secondary school students in relation to their place of residence (secondary school students from Belgrade have a higher level of national identity in comparison to their peers from Niš and Kosovska Mitrovica).

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