scholarly journals Ultra-Processed Food Is Positively Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among United States Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Zheng ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Yu ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Patient Health

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are popular in the United States. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the health impact of UPF. This study is conducted to assess the association between UPF consumption and depressive symptoms among United States adults. Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2016. Dietary data were obtained through 24-h dietary recall interviews. Depressive symptoms were detected by a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire; participants with more than 10 points were diagnosed with depressive symptoms. Results of logistic regression revealed a positive association between UPF consumption and depressive symptoms. The study suggests that UPF may increase the risk of depressive symptoms, particularly in people with less exercise.

Nutritional Marketing of Plant-Based Meat-Analogue Products: an exploratory study of front-of-pack and website claims in the USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lacy-Nichols ◽  
Libby Hattersley ◽  
Gyorgy Scrinis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Objective: To explore how some of the largest food companies involved in producing alternative proteins use health and nutrition claims to market their products. Design: We identified the largest food manufacturers, meat processors, and alternative protein companies selling plant-based alternative protein products in the United States. Using publicly available data, we analysed the voluntary health and nutrition claims made on front-of-pack labels and company webpages. We also analysed company websites for further nutrition and health-related statements about their products or alternative proteins more generally. Claim classification was guided by the INFORMAS (International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring, and Action Support) taxonomy for health-related food labelling. Setting: United States. Results: 1394 health and nutrition-related front-of-pack label (FOPL) claims were identified on 216 products, including 685 nutrition claims and 709 ´other health-related´ claims. No FOPL health claims were identified. Most nutrient claims were for nutrients associated with meat, with 94% of products carrying a protein claim and 30% carrying a cholesterol claim. 74% of products carried a GMO-free claim and 63% carried a plant-based claim. On their websites, some companies expanded on these claims or discussed the health benefits of specific ingredients. Conclusions: Companies involved in this category appear to be using nutritional marketing primarily to position their products in relation to meat. There is a focus on nutrient and ingredient claims, with discussion of processing largely avoided. The findings highlight the challenges companies face in positioning AP products as healthy against the backdrop of debates about ultra-processed foods.

scholarly journals Association between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Norton Holschuh ◽  
Anne Hermetet Agler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

This study examined differences in dietary intake between ready-to-eat cereal eaters and non-eaters in adults from the United States. Participants (n = 5163) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included. One-day dietary recall was used to define ready-to-eat cereal consumption status and estimate dietary intake in eaters and non-eaters. Data from Food Patterns Equivalent Database 2015–2016 were used to compare intakes of food groups by consumption status. Diet quality was assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015. Nineteen percent of US adults were ready-to-eat cereal eaters; they had a similar level of energy intake as non-eaters, but they had significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, and several vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. They were also more likely to meet nutrient recommendations. Compared to non-eaters, ready-to-eat cereal eaters had the same level of added sugar intake but they had significantly higher intake of whole grains, total fruits, and dairy products. The diet quality of ready-to-eat cereal eaters was significantly higher than that of non-eaters. The study supports that ready-to-eat cereal eaters have better dietary intake with a healthier dietary pattern than non-eaters in the United States.

scholarly journals Effects of Perceived Discrimination on Depressive Symptoms Among Black Men Residing in the United States: A Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelitta M. Britt-Spells ◽  
Maribeth Slebodnik ◽  
Laura P. Sands ◽  
David Rollock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Relationship Of

Research reports that perceived discrimination is positively associated with depressive symptoms. The literature is limited when examining this relationship among Black men. This meta-analysis systematically examines the current literature and investigates the relationship of perceived discrimination on depressive symptoms among Black men residing in the United States. Using a random-effects model, study findings indicate a positive association between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms among Black men ( r = .29). Several potential moderators were also examined in this study; however, there were no significant moderation effects detected. Recommendations and implications for future research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Trends in Vitamin C Consumption in the United States: 1999–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Mary Brauchla ◽  
Mark J. Dekker ◽  
Colin D. Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Low intakes of fruits and vegetables have resulted in suboptimal intakes of several micronutrients, including vitamin C. This cross-sectional study used data from 84,902 children/adults (≥1 y) who completed a 24-h dietary recall as part of the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018). Mean vitamin C intakes from foods/beverages were calculated as were trends in major food/beverage sources of vitamin C. Percentages below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) were estimated. Overall, mean vitamin C consumption declined by 23% (97–75 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). 100% fruit juice was the leading source of vitamin C (25.6% of total or 21.7mg/d), but this declined by 48% (25–13 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001). Whole fruit increased among children/adolescents (+75.8%;10–17 mg/d; p-value for trend < 0.001), but not adults, while the vegetable contribution was generally unchanged. The proportion of the population below the EAR increased by 23.8% on a relative scale or 9 percentage points on an absolute scale (38.3–47.4%). Declines in vitamin C intake is driven largely by decreases in fruit juice coupled with modest increases in whole fruit. Due to associations between vitamin C intake and numerous health outcomes these trends warrant careful monitoring moving forward.

scholarly journals Consumption of Ready-to-Eat Cereal and Its Associations With Nutrient Intake and Nutrition Adequacy in the United States, NHANES 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1115-1115
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
James Normington ◽  
Jean-Michel Michno ◽  
Nort Holschuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Abstract Objectives Ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) has been associated with improved intake of under-consumed nutrients. This study was conducted to examine consumption of RTEC and its association with nutrient intake and nutrition adequacy in the United States using the most recent nationally representative data. Methods Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018 was used. Participants were classified as RTEC eaters or non-eaters depending on whether RETC was reported in their day-1 dietary recall. Total daily nutrient intake was compared by RTEC consumption status using ANOVA for survey data. Percentages below Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for selected vitamins and minerals that are usually fortified in RTEC products were calculated using the National Cancer Institute method as estimate of usual intake. Data were analyzed in children (2–17 y, N = 2135), adults 18–64 y (N = 3675), and older adults (65 y or older, N = 1221) separately. Results Among children, 34% reported RTEC consumption. The percentage of RTEC consumers was 14% in adults 18–64y and 22% in adults 65y or older. Consumption of RTEC was associated with significantly higher intake of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D (all P &lt; 0.05), but not with intake of protein, saturated fat, and vitamin E, in all three groups examined. Children who consumed RTEC also had a significantly lower intake of sodium (2735 mg vs 2929 mg, P = 0.02) and total fat (70 g vs 76 g, P = 0.005) than non-eaters, whereas energy intake was significantly higher in RTEC eaters than non-eaters in adults 18–64y (2390 kcal vs 2171 kcal, P = 0.03) and older adults (2081 kcal vs 1921 kcal, P = 0.03). Percentages below EAR for vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, zinc, iron were lower in RTEC eaters than non-eaters in all age groups examined. Conclusions We found that consumption of RTEC was associated with higher intake of nutrients to encourage and RTEC consumers were more likely to meet nutrient recommendations compared to RTEC non-consumers. Funding Sources The study was supported by Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc.

scholarly journals Changes in Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Among Adults in the United States From 2005 to 2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 107839032090619
Author(s):  
Kelley Kauffman ◽  
Christine Horvat Davey ◽  
Jacqueline Dolata ◽  
Maria Figueroa ◽  
Douglas Gunzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Individual Item ◽  
Item Score ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
National Trends

BACKGROUND: This study examined interview data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2016. OBJECTIVE: To determine national trends in self-reported depressive symptoms. METHOD: Depressive symptoms were assessed using self-reported data on the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with a total score ≥10 and an individual item score of 2 or 3, indicating greater severity. RESULTS: A total of 31,191 individuals contributed PHQ-9 data from 2005 to 2016. The absolute proportion of individuals with total PHQ-9 score ≥10 increased from 6.2% to 8.1%. After adjustment for participant demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions, the odds ratio for high PHQ-9 score at the end versus the beginning of the study interval was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI: 1.07, 1.50]). Anhedonia, guilt/worthlessness, appetite, and hypoactivity/hyperactivity had the largest increases in individual item risk after adjusting for demographic and comorbid characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: There were sizeable increases in the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms in the United States over an 11-year period. Further work is needed to understand the reasons for and implications of this increase. However, the results suggest greater efforts should be made by health care providers to screen for depressive symptoms that may warrant further assessment, treatment, or referral to mental health services as needed.

scholarly journals Monitoring the World Health Organization Global Target 2025 for Exclusive Breastfeeding: Experience From the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 578-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya M. Gupta ◽  
Cria G. Perrine ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Laurie D. Elam-Evans ◽  
Rafael Flores-Ayala
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months, calculated from a single 24-hour recall among mothers of children 0 to 5 months of age, is a World Health Organization (WHO) indicator used to monitor progress on the 2025 global breastfeeding target. Many upper-middle-income and high-income countries, including the United States, do not have estimates for this indicator. Research aim: To describe the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months in the United States. Methods: We used a single 24-hour dietary recall from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2012 to calculate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months. We discuss our results in the context of routine breastfeeding surveillance, which is reported from a national survey with different methodology. Results: Among children younger than 6 months, 24.4%, 95% confidence interval [17.6, 31.1], were exclusively breastfed the previous day. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first estimate of the WHO indicator of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months for the United States. This study supports the global surveillance and data strategy for reporting to the WHO on the 2025 target for exclusive breastfeeding.

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