scholarly journals Integrated Network Pharmacology and GC-MS–Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Effect of Xiang-Su Volatile Oil Against Menopausal Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Xinyi Yang ◽  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Jinyong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Menopausal Depression

Menopausal depression perplexes a great number of women in later life. Xiangfu-Zisu (Xiang-Su), a traditional Chinese herbal pair composed of rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L. (Xiangfu) and leaves of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Zisu), is frequently reported with antidepressant-like effects. The volatile oil from Xiangfu and Zisu has shown good antidepressant action, but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Xiang-Su (XS) volatile oil against menopausal depression through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based network pharmacology and metabolomics. First, ADME screening was performed on actual detected components of XS volatile oil to obtain active constituents, and then duplicates of active constituent–related targets and menopausal depression–related targets were collected. These duplicates were considered as targets for XS volatile oil against menopausal depression, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. It showed that a total of 64 compounds were identified in XS volatile oil, and 38 active compounds were screened out. 42 overlapping genes between 144 compound-related genes and 780 menopausal depression–related genes were obtained. Results showed that targets of SLC6A4 and SLC6A3, regulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic synapses, were involved in the antidepressant mechanism of XS volatile oil. Next, antidepressant-like effect of XS volatile oil was validated in menopausal rats by ovariectomy (OVX) combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Behavioral tests, biochemical analysis, and GC-MS–based non-targeted plasma metabolomics were employed to validate the antidepressant effect of XS volatile oil. Experimental evidence demonstrated that XS volatile oil reversed behavioral parameters in the sucrose preference test (SPT), open-field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST), and serum estradiol levels in OVX rats. Furthermore, results of metabolomics indicated that XS volatile oil mainly acts on regulating metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism, which were corresponding with the above-predicted results. These data suggest that network pharmacology combined with metabolomics provides deep insight into the antidepressant effect of XS volatile oil, which includes regulating key targets like SLC6A4 and SLC6A3, and pathways of serotonergic and dopaminergic synapses.

scholarly journals The Combination of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and Aucklandia costus Falc. Volatile Oils Exerts Antidepressant Effects in a CUMS-Induced Rat Model by Regulating the HPA Axis and Levels of Neurotransmitters

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiting Li ◽  
Yuanhui Li ◽  
Xiaofei Zhang ◽  
Guilin Ren ◽  
Liangfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Aquilaria Sinensis ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Sucrose Preference Test

The Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (CX)–Aucklandia costus Falc. (MX) herbal pair is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for treating depression. The volatile oil from CX and MX has been shown to have good pharmacological activities on the central nervous system, but its curative effect and mechanism in the treatment of depression are unclear. Therefore, the antidepressant effect of the volatile oil from CX–MX (CMVO) was studied in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. The suppressive effects of CMVO (25, 50, 100 μL/kg) against CUMS-induced depression-like behavior were evaluated using the forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). The results showed that CMVO exhibited an antidepressant effect, reversed the decreased sugar preference in the SPT and prolongation of immobility time in the FST induced by CUMS, increased the average speed, time to enter the central area, total moving distance, and enhanced the willingness of rats to explore the environment in the OFT. Inhalational administration of CMVO decreased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone in serum and the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the hypothalamus, which indicated regulation of over-activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, CMVO restored levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine in the hippocampus. The RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry results showed that CMVO up-regulated the expression of 5-HT1A mRNA. This study demonstrated the antidepressant effect of CMVO in CUMS rats, which was possibly mediated via modulation of monoamine and cholinergic neurotransmitters and regulation of the HPA axis.

scholarly journals Asparagus cochinchinensis extract ameliorates menopausal depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Ryeong Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Ri-Na Lim ◽  
Dae Youn Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Antidepressant Imipramine ◽  
Asparagus Cochinchinensis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Menopausal Depression

Abstract Background Depression is a serious and common psychiatric disorder generally affecting more women than men. A woman’s risk of developing depression increases steadily with age, and higher incidence is associated with the onset of menopause. Here we evaluated the antidepressant properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) extract and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a rat menopausal depression model. Methods To model this menopausal depression, we induced a menopause-like state in rats via ovariectomy and exposed them to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks, which promotes the development of depression-like symptoms. During the final 4 weeks of CUMS, rats were treated with either AC extract (1000 or 2000 mg/kg, PO), which has been reported to provide antidepressant effects, or with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP). Results We report that CUMS promotes depression-like behavior and significantly increases serum corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also found that CUMS decreases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in OVX rats, and treatment with AC extract rescues both BDNF and TrkB expression levels. Conclusion These results suggest that AC extract exerts antidepressant effects, possibly via modulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway, in a rat model of menopausal depression.

scholarly journals Jianpi Jieyu Decoction, An Empirical Herbal Formula, Exerts Psychotropic Effects in Association With Modulation of Gut Microbial Diversity and GABA Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanying Liu ◽  
Zhilu Zou ◽  
Jiangwei Yang ◽  
Xiaoqi Li ◽  
Boran Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Microbial Distribution

Background: Recent studies suggest that gut microbiota was associated with the bidirectional gut-brain axis which could modulate neuropsychological functions of the central nervous system. Gut microbiota could produce gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) that could modulate the gut–brain axis response. Jianpi Jieyu (JPJY) decoction, a traditional Chinese formula, is mainly composed of Astragalus membranaxeus and Radix Pseudostellariae. Although the JPJY decoction has been used to treat the depression in China, the potential action of its antidepressant has not been well understood. Thus this study was aim to investigate the role of JPJY improve gut microbiota homeostasis in the chronic stress induced depressive mice.Methods: The antidepressant effect of JPJY on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice was evaluated by using sucrose preference test, tail suspension test and forced swim test. Fatigue-like behaviors were evaluated using degree of redness, grip strength test, and exhaustive swimming test. The new object recognition test was used to evaluate cognition performance. Fecal samples were collected and taxonomical analysis of intestinal microbial distribution was conducted with 16S rDNA. Serum level of GABA was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of GluR1 and p-Tau protein in the hippocampus was determined using Western blotting.Results: The dose of 9.2 g/kg JPJY produced antidepressant-like effects. JPJY and its major components also modulated gut microbiota diversity in the CUMS mice. Serum level of GABA and the expressions of hippocampal GluR1 and p-Tau were reversed after the administration of JPJY in CUMS mice.Conclusion: JPJY regulates gut microbiota to produce antidepressant-like effect and improve cognition deficit in depressive mice while its molecular mechanism possibly be enhanced NR1 and Tau expression in hippocampus and increased GABA in serum.

scholarly journals The Antidepressant Effect of Chlorella vulgaris on Female Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Gisella Intan Soetantyo ◽  
Mulyati Sarto
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Duration Of Treatment

Depression is a disabling mental disorder, predicted to become the world's number 2 disability by 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2018). Chronic stress is one of the triggers for depression, causing an imbalance in brain chemicals and antioxidants levels. Although antidepressant is a common treatment, discomforting side effects has compromised its efficacy, prompting the search for alternative medicines. Chlorella vulgaris is a microalgae famous for its excellent protein and antioxidant content. In this study, C. vulgaris (360 mg/kg p.o.) potency of antidepressant in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression in female rats was evaluated compared to amitriptyline (2,25 mg/kg p.o.) for 14 days. Two types of C. vulgaris namely cultivation sourced and commercially-sold, were used. Sucrose preference test, forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT) were used as depression-like behaviour test to validate C. vulgaris effect. Adrenal glands were observed to further understand its effect on the stress organ. The CUMS method produced rats with depressive-like behaviour evidently by reduced body weight, sucrose preference, exploring behaviour in OFT, and increased immobility duration in FST. Furthermore, an increase in adrenal weight, fasciculata zone, and reticularis zone was observed. Both C. vulgaris significantly (p<0,05) reversed depressive-like behaviour in rats subjected to CUMS, but not the size of adrenal glands. This finding indicated both types of C. vulgaris has the potential to be an alternative antidepressant but because of the short duration of treatment, it’s speculated that C. vulgaris may not have exhibited enough difference structurally yet. 

scholarly journals Antidepressant Effect and Recognition Memory Improvement of Two Novel Plant Extract Combinations - Antistress I and Anti-stress II on Rats Subjected to a Model of Mild Chronic Stress

Folia Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilin K. Kandilarov ◽  
Hristina I. Zlatanova ◽  
Maria T. Georgieva-Kotetarova ◽  
Ivanka I. Kostadinova ◽  
Mariana N. Katsarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Valeriana Officinalis ◽  
Serratula Coronata ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background: Chronic stress is one of the main factors which lead to depression – a psychiatric disorder affecting millions of people and predicted to be the second ranked cause of premature death in 2020. Depression is often associated with cognitive disturbances and memory deficit. Plant based therapy could be effective in the treatment of mild to moderate depression due to its low level of adverse reaction, its good tolerability and compliance. Materials and methods: 72 male Wistar rats, divided in 9 groups were given orally for 8 weeks two combinations of dry plant extracts – Antistress I and Antistress II and five individual dry extracts obtained from Serratula coronata, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana officinalis, Crataegus monogyna and Melissa officinalis. The animals were exposed to a chronic unpredictable mild stress for 8 weeks. The depression-like symptoms were evaluated with Forced swim test while the assessment of the memory deficit was performed with Novel object recognition test. Results: Antistress II demonstrates antidepressant effect while Antistress I doesn’t improve the depressive-like symptoms. The individual extracts of Hypericum perforatum and Valeriana officinalis also possess antidepressant properties. Antistress II improves the cognition as well as the individual extracts of Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana officinalis and especially Serratula coronata. Dry extract from Serratula tend to have the best effect regarding the recognition memory. The effect of Antistress I on memory deficit is negligible. Conclusions: Antistress II possesses antidepressant effect and improves the recognition memory while Antistress I doesn’t demonstrate any of the above-described effects.

Harmane suppresses microglial neuroinflammatory response and induce antidepressant-like effect in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S366-S366 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Aricioglu ◽  
G. Arkan ◽  
C. Kandemir ◽  
S. Sirvanci ◽  
C. Ozkartal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Imidazoline Receptors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

ObjectiveHarmane is a beta-carboline, which binds to imidazoline receptors and it has been previously shown that it may have an antidepressant effect when administered acutely. This study is planned to investigate the effect of harmane on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and microglial (Iba-1) immunoreactivity in the same model as markers of neuroinflammation.MethodsMale Wistar Albino rats (290–360 g) were divided into groups such as control (saline), CUMS, CUMS + Imipramine (20 mg/kg; i.p.), CUMS + Harmane5 (5 mg/kg; i.p.), CUMS + Harmane10 (10 mg/kg; i.p.) groups (n = 10–12 in each). In CUMS model, various stressors were applied for 40 days. On day 20, harmane administration was started for 20 days. At the end, sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were performed. Then, brains were removed with paraformaldehyde perfusion for Iba-1 immunohistochemical analysis in hippocampus. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe time of immobility in forced swim test was significantly reduced while sucrose preference was increased in Imipramine and CUMS + harmane10 groups. In immunohistochemical experiments, Iba-1 were overexpressed in CUMS group and Harmane significantly reduced the overexpression of Iba-1.ConclusionOur results suggest that chronic administration of harmane has an antidepressant-like activity in chronic stress model of depression. These results support the notion of imidazoline receptors involvement in depression by modulating neuroinflammation and at least a part of its antidepressant effect might be through modulating microglial activation as a reflection of neuroinflammation.This research was supported by Marmara University, Scientific Research Projects – SAG-C-YLP-110915-0415 and SAG-E-120613-0233.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Antidepressant effect of geranylgeranylacetone in a chronic mild stress model of depression and its possible mechanism

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING-MEI ZHONG ◽  
SHAO-YUAN WU ◽  
JIE BAI ◽  
QIANG GUO ◽  
JIAN TAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Stress Model

scholarly journals Characteristic Volatile Composition of Seven Seaweeds from the Yellow Sea of China

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Pengrui Wang ◽  
Jiapeng Chen ◽  
Lujing Chen ◽  
Li Shi ◽  
Hongbing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Yellow Sea Of China

Plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a relatively wide class of secondary metabolites. The VOC profiles of seven seaweeds (Grateloupia filicina, Polysiphonia senticulosa, Callithamnion corymbosum, Sargassum thunbergii, Dictyota dichotoma, Enteromorpha prolifera and Ulva lactuca) from the Yellow Sea of China were investigated using multifiber headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS), among them, the VOCs of three red algae Grateloupia filicina, Polysiphonia senticulosa, and Callithamnion corymbosum were first reported. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to disclose characteristic categories and molecules of VOCs and network pharmacology was performed to predict potential biomedical utilization of candidate seaweeds. Aldehyde was found to be the most abundant VOC category in the present study and (E)-β-ionone was the only compound found to exist in all seven seaweeds. The chemical diversity of aldehydes in E. prolifera suggest its potential application in chemotaxonomy and hinted that divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber is more suitable for aldehyde extraction. VOCs in D. dichotoma were characterized as sesquiterpenes and diterpenes and the most relevant pharmacological pathway was the neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction pathway, which suggests that D. dichotoma may have certain preventive and therapeutic values in cancer, especially in lung cancer, in addition to neuropsychiatric diseases.

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