scholarly journals The Interaction Between Genetic Variant ZNF804A rs1344706 and Alcohol Withdrawal on Impulsivity: Evidence for the Diathesis-Stress Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xie Zhang ◽  
Huankun Sun ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Michelle Niculescu ◽  
Guanghui Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Alcohol Problem ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Problem Severity ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

Objective: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder, which may relate to increased impulsivity. A more detailed understanding of the potential moderating factor on association between AUD and impulsivity is likely to have far-reaching effects. This study aims to examine whether the interaction between a genetic variant ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol use is related to impulsivity in Chinese Han adult males diagnosed with AUD.Methods: A total of 455 Chinese Han adult males diagnosed with AUD were included in this study. Impulsivity was assessed using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Alcohol dependence was measured by Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of participants and genotyped.Results: Hierarchical multiple regression yielded a significant interaction between ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol use (β = 0.20, p = 0.0237). Then, A region of significance (RoS) test was performed to interpret the interaction effect. Re-parameterized regression models revealed that the interaction between ZNF804A rs1344706 and alcohol problem severity fit to the weak diathesis-stress model (R2 = 0.15, p < 0.0010), indicating that the T allele carriers are more susceptible to alcohol problem severity, jointly contributing to impulsivity.Conclusions: This study, which analyzed a specific gene-environment interaction, demonstrated that carriers of the T allele of ZNF804A rs1344706 may be more susceptible to alcohol problem severity, correlated with higher levels of impulsivity during withdrawal.

scholarly journals Differential susceptibility to environmental influences: Interactions between child temperament and parenting in adolescent alcohol use

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Rioux ◽  
Natalie Castellanos-Ryan ◽  
Sophie Parent ◽  
Frank Vitaro ◽  
Richard E. Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Parental Practices ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent Alcohol ◽  
Susceptibility Model ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

AbstractTemperament and parental practices (PP) are important predictors of adolescent alcohol use (AU); however, less is known about how they combine to increase or decrease risk of AU. This study examined whether age 6 temperament (i.e., impulsivity and inhibitory control) interacted with age 6 coercive PP and/or age 14 parental monitoring to predict AU at 15 years among 209 adolescents. Results showed that low parental monitoring was associated with more frequent AU and that coercive PP interacted with impulsivity to predict AU. This interaction was examined as a function of two models that were not studied before in the prediction of AU: the diathesis–stress model (i.e., impulsive children are more “vulnerable” to adverse PP than those with an easy temperament); and the differential susceptibility model (i.e., impulsive children are also more likely to benefit from good PP). Results supported the differential susceptibility model by showing that impulsive children were not only at higher risk for AU when combined with high coercive PP but also benefit from the absence of coercive PP. This supports the suggestion that the conception of certain temperament characteristics, or in this case impulsivity, as a “vulnerability” for adolescent AU, may need revision because it misrepresents the malleability it may imply.

scholarly journals Correlates and Treatment Outcome of Risky Sexual Behaviour in Young Males with ADHD and Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder: A Prospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Shankar Kumar ◽  
Yamini Devendran ◽  
Madhumitha N. S. ◽  
Javagal Amith Thejas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB). Alcohol use and high perceived stress in young adulthood contributes to this association. Previous studies have not found methylphenidate to reduce RSB in ADHD, as the population had comorbidities such as mood disorders and antisocial personality disorder. We aimed to study (a) the association of RSB with ADHD and severity of alcohol use among adolescents and young adult males with ADHD who had comorbid alcohol use disorder and (b) the effect of treatment of ADHD using methylphenidate on RSB in this population at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Methodology: The study had 31 participants who were selected by screening for RSBs using the sexual behavior section of the HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale (HRBS) manual among a cohort of individuals with ADHD and early onset alcohol use. These individuals were also administered WHO ADHD self-report scale (ASRS), alcohol-use disorders identification test (AUDIT), perceived stress scale (PSS), and HRBS-sexual behavior section. They were then treated with methylphenidate and these assessments were repeated at 3 and 6 months. Results: Those having ADHD with RSB had higher total ADHD score ( P = .007) and inattention score ( p = .0001) than those without RSB. There was a significant correlation between the ADHD total score with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.47), with RSB ( r = 0.34), and ADHD hyperactivity scores with alcohol-use severity ( r = 0.49) and with RSB ( r = 0.34). There was also a significant reduction of ADHD total, inattention and hyperactivity scores, alcohol-use severity scores, RSB and perceived stress scores with use of methylphenidate at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Multiple logistic regression predicted reduction in ADHD total scores to reduce RSB (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, P = .01). Conclusion: RSB was associated with severity of ADHD and alcohol use. Methylphenidate not only reduced ADHD severity but also alcohol-use severity and RSB, whose reduction was predicted by reduction in ADHD severity.

Rethinking the Alcohol Problem: A Natural Processes Model

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Mulford
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Problem ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Traditional Notion ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Single Set

A multivariate natural processes model for thinking about alcohol use and abuse is offered as an alternative to the traditional static-entity, single-cause way of thinking that historically generated a series of formal institutional attacks on different supposed causes of alcohol abuse, but which failed to solve the alcohol problem. The work seeks a model that better fits what is known about the alcohol problem, and one that leads to more effective informal constraints on alcohol abuse. Alcoholics are viewed as being at some stage of an alcoholic process, a rehabilitation process, a labeling process, a clinicalization process and a dissocialization process. This way of thinking challenges the traditional notion that alcoholics are all-of-a-kind entities and that there is a single cause, or even a single set of causes, that account for the drinking of all alcoholics, or that explains the drinking of the same person at different times. Rather, it directs us to consider the dynamics of the changing combinations of interacting social, psychological and physiological forces influencing a person's drinking behavior as he progresses in the several processes.

scholarly journals Haplotype analysis on correlation between transcription factor 7-like 2 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Xiaojuan Men ◽  
Yongxue Gu ◽  
Huidong Wang ◽  
Zhicai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Haplotype Analysis ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Locus Model ◽  
Gene Environment

Abstract Background Up to now, limited researches focused on the association between transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TF7L2) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and breast cancer (BC) risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between TF7L2 and BC risk in Chinese Han population. Methods Logistic regression model was used to test the correlation between polymorphisms and BC risk. Strength of association was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was applied to analyze the SNP-SNP and gene-environment interaction. Results Logistic regression analysis indicated that the BC risk was obviously higher in carriers of rs1225404 polymorphism C allele than that in TT genotype carriers (TC or CC versus TT), adjusted OR (95%CI) =1.40 (1.09–1.72). Additionally, we also discovered that people with rs7903146- T allele had an obviously higher risk of BC than people with CC allele (CT or TT versus CC), adjusted OR (95%CI) =1.44 (1.09–1.82). GMDR model was used to research the effect of interaction among 4 SNPs and environmental factors on BC risk. We discovered an important two-locus model (p = 0.0100) including rs1225404 and abdominal obesity, suggesting a potential gene–environment correlation between rs1225404 and abdominal obesity. In general, the cross-validation consistency of two-locus model was 10 of 10, and the testing accuracy was 0.632. Compared with subjects with normal waist circumference (WC) value and rs1225404 TT genotype, abdominal obese subjects with rs1225404 TC or CC genotype had the highest BC risk. After covariate adjustment, OR (95%CI) was 2.23 (1.62–2.89). Haplotype analysis indicated that haplotype containing rs1225404-T and rs7903146-C alleles were associated with higher BC risk. Conclusions C allele of rs1225404 and T allele of rs7903146, interaction between rs1225404 and abdominal obesity, rs1225404-T and rs7903146-C haplotype were all related to increased BC risk.

scholarly journals Gene–gene and gene-environment interactions on cord blood total IgE in Chinese Han children

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hua ◽  
Quanhua Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xianbo Zuo ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment

Abstract Background IL13, IL4, IL4RA, FCER1B and ADRB2 are susceptible genes of asthma and atopy. Our previous study has found gene–gene interactions on asthma between these genes in Chinese Han children. Whether the interactions begin in fetal stage, and whether these genes interact with prenatal environment to enhance cord blood IgE (CBIgE) levels and then cause subsequent allergic diseases have yet to be determined. This study aimed to determine whether there are gene–gene and gene-environment interactions on CBIgE elevation among the aforementioned five genes and prenatal environmental factors in Chinese Han population. Methods 989 cord blood samples from a Chinese birth cohort were genotyped for nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the five genes, and measured for CBIgE levels. Prenatal environmental factors were collected using a questionnaire. Gene–gene and gene-environment interactions were analyzed with generalized multifactor dimensionality methods. Results A four-way gene–gene interaction model (IL13 rs20541, IL13 rs1800925, IL4 rs2243250 and ADRB2 rs1042713) was regarded as the optimal one for CBIgE elevation (testing balanced accuracy = 0.5805, P = 9.03 × 10–4). Among the four SNPs, only IL13 rs20541 was identified to have an independent effect on elevated CBIgE (odds ratio (OR) = 1.36, P = 3.57 × 10–3), while the other three had small but synergistic effects. Carriers of IL13 rs20541 TT, IL13 rs1800925 CT/TT, IL4 rs2243250 TT and ADRB2 rs1042713 AA were estimated to be at more than fourfold higher risk for CBIgE elevation (OR = 4.14, P = 2.69 × 10–2). Gene-environment interaction on elevated CBIgE was found between IL4 rs2243250 and maternal atopy (OR = 1.41, P = 2.65 × 10–2). Conclusions Gene–gene interaction between IL13 rs20541, IL13 rs1800925, IL4 rs2243250 and ADRB2 rs1042713, and gene-environment interaction between IL4 rs2243250 and maternal atopy begin in prenatal stage to augment IgE production in Chinese Han children.

Perfectionism, perceived weight status, and bulimic symptoms: Two studies testing a diathesis-stress model.

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Todd F. Heatherton ◽  
M. David Rudd ◽  
Norman B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Bulimic Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

Schizophrenia: A neural diathesis-stress model.

1997 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine F. Walker ◽  
Donald Diforio
Keyword(s):  
Stress Model ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

Burnout: modeling, measuring, and managing

2021 ◽  
pp. 103985622110373
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker ◽  
Gabriela Tavella
Keyword(s):  
Management Model ◽  
Psychiatric Education ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Personality Style ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Symptom Pattern ◽  
Diathesis Stress Model

Objective: As burnout has been neglected in medical and psychiatric education, we seek to provide a summary overview. Methods: We extract salient findings from the published literature and offer some challenges. Results: We critique the current principal model of burnout, argue for broadening the symptom constructs and for a diathesis-stress model where a perfectionistic personality style is a key predisposing factor, and observe that burnout is not limited by those in formal work. We argue that burnout is not synonymous with depression, overview biological underpinnings, and summarise a three-fold management model. Conclusion: As many burnout patients are referred to psychiatrists, awareness of its symptom pattern and management nuances is of key importance.

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