scholarly journals The Effect of Acetic Acid Treatments on the Quality of Stored Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Hanna Dorna ◽  
Agnieszka Rosińska ◽  
Dorota Szopińska
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternaria Dauci ◽  
Acid Treatments

Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves et Skolko and A. radicina Meier, Drechsler et E.D. Eddy are important seed-transmitted pathogens of carrot. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acetic acid treatments on the quality of stored carrot seeds. Seeds of two samples were soaked for 30 min in 0.5, 1 and 2% acetic acid. Controls included untreated seeds, seeds soaked in distilled water and seeds treated with fungicide Zaprawa Nasienna T 75 WS/DS (a.i. thiram 75%). Germination, vigour and health of untreated and treated seeds were evaluated before and after 5 and 12 months of storage at 4 and 20 °C. Seeds of both samples treated with 0.5 and 1% acetic acid were characterized by higher germination capacity after storage than untreated seeds. However, treatments with 1 and 2% acetic acid negatively affected seed vigour. Generally, seeds of both samples treated with acetic acid were characterized by lower infestation with A. alternata and A. radicina after storage than untreated seeds and seeds soaked in distilled water. Moreover, acetic acid often controlled these fungi more effectively than the fungicide. Regardless of the storage duration, infestation with fungi was higher if seeds of both samples were stored at a lower temperature.

The Properties of Rubber Prepared from Dialyzed Latex

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-705
Author(s):  
H. P. Stevens ◽  
J. W. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
No Formation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Rubber articles are prepared from ammonia-preserved latex by two principal processes, viz., evaporation or coagulation, or by a combination of both. The object of this work was to determine what advantages are to be obtained by the use of a latex purified by dialysis. An 8-gallon batch of normal ammoniapreserved latex (from Hevea brasiliensis) was available and all the rubbers were prepared from this batch unless otherwise stated. The latex was kept for several days and decanted from the sludge which settles out. After straining, it was stored in one-gallon cans until required for use. Some of the latex was dialyzed through membranes of regenerated cellulose in the apparatus previously described by the authors. Some aqueous ammonia was added to the latex daily to preserve stability, and three charges of distilled water were used to complete the purification. A pressure was applied to the latex and adjusted to allow slight dilution so that there was no formation of paste on the membranes. The latex was analyzed, before and after dialysis, for total solids and dry rubber content. The former were determined by evaporating a weighed portion of the latex to constant weight at 70°. The dry rubber content was determined by coagulating the latex with about an equal volume of 1% acetic acid, crepeing the coagulum on a washing machine, and drying the crepe at, 70°

scholarly journals Evaluation of ethanol preconditioning as a rapid seed vigour and viability test

2019 ◽  
pp. 1045-1052
Author(s):  
Jerffeson Araujo Cavalcante ◽  
Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽  
Ricardo Miotto Ternus ◽  
Fernanda da Motta Xavier ◽  
Raimunda Nonada Oliveira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ethanol Preconditioning ◽  
Probability Measurement

It is essential that tests for evaluating seed vigour be faster and increasingly efficient to enable precise differentiation among batches. In this way, it is possible to evaluate the quality of seeds based on the anaerobic metabolism of cells when exposed to environments lacking oxygen. Thus, the objective of this study was to establish methodology for evaluating the viability and vigour of 3 lots of cowpea (Amendoim cultivar) seeds using the ethanol test. The treatments were carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications. For the test, 25 seeds were stored in hermetically sealed PET (Polyethylene the Ethylene) bottles containing 40 ml of distilled water and subjected to 3 soaking times in distilled water (6, 24, and 48 h) at a controlled temperature of 40°C in a germinator. The amount of ethanol produced was quantified with the aid of an adapted breath analyser. The results are expressed as mg L-1; these data were then compared with data for the following: germination; the first germination count; the total length, root length and shoot length of the seedling; dry weight of the seedling; emergence in the field; emergence speed index; and electrical conductivity. The experimental design was completely randomised, and the data were subjected to analysis of variance and correlation analysis. The results were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. Measurement of ethanol after 6 or 48 h of soaking at 40°C was effective for determining the viability and vigour of cowpea seeds. As ethanol test results have high correlation with germination and vigour test results, this approach is a viable alternative for analysts and seed producers.

scholarly journals Research Regarding The Quality of Sleep among Non-Sportive Students Compared with Professional Athlets

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Ioan Sabin Sopa ◽  
Marcel Pomohaci
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
Sleep Screening

Abstract Quality of sleep developed to be a much disputed subject in everyday life performance of men. Our study focuses on comparing two samples one of non-sportive (formed by 42 students’ age 19 ± 1.22 years) and one of professional athletes (formed by 45 sportive age between 18 ± 2.01 years). The main method used for analyzing the quality of sleep between the two samples of the research was the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) that is a tool that analyses sleep behaviors, identify disorder in sleeping routine and determine the frequency of difficulties with sleep before and after events, competitions or intense training programs. The results of the study showed a statistically significant differences between the two samples in the number of hours slept at night (the experiment sample having 8 to 9 hours of sleep compared with the control sample that have 6 to 7 hours); also we found differences between the time needed to fall asleep (less than 15 min at the experiment group compared with 31-60 min at the control group); less problems at sleeping in the experiment group compared with the control group and that the athletes from the experiment group are waking earlier and are a morning kind of persons compared with the control group that are more active at evening; also found differences at the caffeine doses consumed and usage of electronic devices before sleep time (the experiment have less cases compared with the control group). So the general conclusion of the study was that the level of satisfaction regarding the quality of sleep is higher at the experiment sample compared with the control sample.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Taste Intensity Ratings Before and After Sour Taste Adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 742-742
Author(s):  
Eunjin Cheon ◽  
Richard Mattes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objectives Recent research indicates that the taste quality of fatty acids, called ‘Oleogustus’, differs from the traditionally accepted five basic tastes. However, the actual quality of the sensation has not been characterized. One question is whether there is a sour component because very short-chain fatty acids, like acetic acid, the sour tastant in vinegar, is structurally a fatty acid. The present study investigated the quality sensation of fatty acids of graded chain length. Methods Sensory stimuli were acetic acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid emulsions and palmitic acid, stearic acid powder. The intensity of the samples before and after expectorating was measured. Next, participants repeatedly sipped, held for 5 seconds, and expectorated a sour solution (0.09% w/w) and rated the intensity on a gLMS until the intensity was lower than “weak”. After adaption to the sour solution, the intensity of the sample was measured before and after expectorating. Participants recorded the quality of each sample. Results The intensity of acetic acid was significantly lower after adaptation (P < 0.04) that before adaptation and a similar trend was noted for butyric acid. The other fatty acids were not affected by adaptation. The intensities of all liquid samples except the octanoic acid solution showed a significant difference between before and after expectorating the samples. The intensities of acetic, butyric and hexanoic acids were lower after expectorating the samples than the intensities before expectorating the samples (P < 0.05) while the intensities of decanoic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid (P < 0.05) were lower after expectorating. There was no significant difference in intensity of the palmitic acid solution and the intensity of the stearic acid solution between before and after expectorating. Conclusions The results showed that fatty acids with chain lengths great than 4 have a unique taste other than the sourness. In addition, short-chain fatty acid solutions had higher intensity before expectorating the solutions while the medium- and long-chain fatty acid solutions had higher intensity after expectorating solutions, indicating that there is a different persistence time for fatty acid directly related to chain-length. Funding Sources This study has no sponsors.

scholarly journals The effect of plant density on seed yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
C.N. Merfield ◽  
J.G. Hampton ◽  
S.D. Wratten ◽  
P. Prapanoppasin ◽  
P. Yeeransiri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The hypothesis that by increasing carrot (Daucus carota) plant density the contribution to seed yield by the primary umbels would increase, and that therefore both seed yield and seed quality would increase, was examined in two experiments in different years in Canterbury. A radial trial design provided plant densities from 2 to 84 plants/m2 and from 4 to 100 plants/m2 in experiments one and two respectively. Seed yield increased with increasing plant density in both experiments, and at the highest density the primary umbels contributed 90% (experiment one) and 60% (experiment two) of the seed yield. In both experiments seeds from the primary umbels had a greater thousand seed weight and higher germination than those from the other order umbels, and for the second experiment they also had higher seed vigour. The quality of seeds from the primary umbels was consistently higher than that of seeds from the secondary umbels across all plant densities, and for the latter, both germination and seed vigour declined as plant density increased. These results therefore support the hypothesis, and densities higher than the 20 plants/m2 currently used commercially have the potential to increase both seed yield and quality. Keywords: seed production, primary umbels, germination, vigour, plants/m2

scholarly journals Does resveratrol affect prepared sperm parameters and chromatin quality in normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients before and after freezing? A lab trial study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali khalili ◽  
Vahid Ramezani ◽  
Hamed Hamishehkar ◽  
Laleh Dehghan Marvast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Experimental Exposure ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Better Than

Background: Previous studies have examined the effect of resveratrol as a potent antioxidant for free radicals in semen. While, the prepared spermatozoa are more affected by ROS factors due to centrifugation and incubation. Objective: To evaluate the RSV’s effects on the prepared sperm parameters and chromatin quality in both normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic cases before and after freezing. Materials and Methods: The sample of 10 normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men was prepared through the swim-up method. The groups were then divided into two samples of control and experimental (exposure to 30 μmol/l of RSV) to evaluate and compare the sperm parameters and chromatin quality before and after freezing. Results: The motility and viability of spermatozoa were seen to be significantly different before and after freezing separately in the control and treatment samples of the groups (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). However, the stated difference between the control and treatment samples of normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients were not significant (p > 0.05). In addition, the sperm morphology and chromatin quality were not significantly different between the two samples of each group; nonetheless, chromatin quality of the treated sample was better than that of the control before and after freezing. Conclusion: Despite the protective effects of RSV on the semen samples, RSV cannot affect significantly the prepared sperms parameters and chromatin quality in normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients. Key words: Resveratrol, Chromatin, Motility, Spermatozoa, Freeze.

scholarly journals The Effect of Microwave Treatment on Germination and Health of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Dorota Szopińska ◽  
Hanna Dorna
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Final Count ◽  
Alternaria Dauci ◽  
Seed Infestation

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of microwave treatment on seed germination and health of carrot seeds using two seed lots naturally infected with the pathogens Alternaria dauci and A. radicina. Seeds of cv. Amsterdam and cv. Berlikumer varied in seed germination at the final count (50% and 29%, respectively), and seed infestation with A. radicina (38% and 5%, respectively). For treatment, seeds were placed in a Petri dish (dry treatment) or in a beaker with distilled water (wet treatment) and irradiated at power output levels 500, 650 and 750 W for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 s. Germination and health were determined in treated and untreated (control) seed samples. Wet treatment controlled seed-borne fungi more efficiently than dry treatment. However, the exposure duration longer than 60 s frequently resulted in deterioration of seed germination. The highest seed germination in cv. Amsterdam was observed after microwave wet treatment at power output levels of 500 W for 75 s (81%), 650 W for 45 s (85%), and 750 W for 60 s (77%), whereas in the case of cv. Berlikumer this occurred when wet seeds were treated at 500 and 650 W for 60 s (46% and 43% respectively). Treating seeds soaked in water with microwaves for a period longer than 30 s, regardless of the power output, significantly decreased seed infestation with Alternaria spp. in both samples.

Comparison of Methods for Decontamination from Beef Carcass Surfaces

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. HARDIN ◽  
G. R. ACUFF ◽  
L. M. LUCIA ◽  
J. S. OMAN ◽  
J. W. SAVELL
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Beef Carcass ◽  
Acid Treatments

Methods for the removal of fecal contamination from beef carcass surfaces were evaluated using a fecal suspension containing a rifampicin-resistant strain of either Escherichia coli O157:H7 or Salmonella typhimurium. Paired cuts from four distinct beef carcass regions (inside round, outside round, brisket, and clod) were removed from hot carcasses after splitting, and subcutaneous fat and lean carcass surfaces from these cuts were used to model decontamination of prechilled carcass surface regions. Hot carcass surface regions were contaminated with an inoculated fecal suspension in a 400-cm2 area and then treated by one of four treatments either immediately or 20 to 30 min after contamination. One paired contaminated surface region from each carcass side was trimmed of all visible fecal contamination. The remaining paired carcass surface region was washed either with water (35°C) or with water followed by a 2% lactic or acetic acid spray (55°C). Surface samples were obtained for microbiological examination before and after treatment from within and outside the defined area contaminated with the fecal suspension. All treatments significantly reduced levels of pathogens; however, decontamination was significantly affected by carcass surface region. The inside round region was the most difficult carcass surface to decontaminate, regardless of treatment. Washing followed by organic acid treatment performed better than trimming or washing alone on all carcass region surfaces except the inside round, where organic acid treatments and trimming performed equally well. Overall, lactic acid reduced levels of E. coli O157:H7 significantly better than acetic acid; however, differences between the abilities of the acids to reduce Salmonella were less pronounced. All treatments caused minimal spread of pathogens outside the initial area of fecal contamination, and recovery after spreading was reduced by organic acid treatments.

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

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