scholarly journals Effects of In Ovo Methionine-Cysteine Injection on Embryonic Development, Antioxidant Status, IGF-I and TLR4 Gene Expression, and Jejunum Histomorphometry in Newly Hatched Broiler Chicks Exposed to Heat Stress during Incubation

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamada Elwan ◽  
Shaaban Elnesr ◽  
Qianqian Xu ◽  
Chao Xie ◽  
Xinyang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Tlr4 Gene ◽  
In Ovo Injection

Sulfur amino acids are typically the first-limiting amino acids (AA) used in protein metabolism in poultry. Therefore, we hypothesized that their utilization in the pre-hatch period would affect embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status, serum biochemical profile, and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched Ross broiler chicks incubated under heat stress conditions. A total of 150 fertile broiler eggs were subjected to heat stress (39.6 °C for 6 h/d) from d10 until d18 and injected at d 17.5 of incubation with methionine and cysteine (Met-Cys) at a dose of 5.90 mg l-methionine plus 3.40 mg l-cysteine. The effects of Met-Cys administration were examined and compared with the control (Non-injected group) and 0.75% NaCl injected group. The results showed that no significant differences among all groups in serum protein profiles (total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin ratio) and creatine kinase were observed. The level of heat shock protein-90 was decreased with Met-Cys In ovo injection. The In ovo injection of Met-Cys also improved the values of total antioxidants capacity and glutathione in examined tissues. At the same time, an increase in fold change mRNA abundance of IGF-I and TLR4 was observed after Met-Cys injection in tested tissues. Finally, an increase of 29% in villus area was found after Met-Cys injection compared to the control group. In conclusion, the In ovo injection of Met-Cys resulted in improved embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched broiler chicks exposed to heat stress during incubation.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Amino Acids in the Adaptation of Chicks and Market-Age Broilers to Heat Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwajit S. Chowdhury ◽  
Guofeng Han ◽  
Hatem M. Eltahan ◽  
Shogo Haraguchi ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Air Temperatures

Increased average air temperatures and more frequent and prolonged periods of high ambient temperature (HT) associated with global warming will increasingly affect worldwide poultry production. It is thus important to understand how HT impacts poultry physiology and to identify novel approaches to facilitate improved adaptation and thereby maximize poultry growth, health and welfare. Amino acids play a role in many physiological functions, including stress responses, and their relative demand and metabolism are altered tissue-specifically during exposure to HT. For instance, HT decreases plasma citrulline (Cit) in chicks and leucine (Leu) in the embryonic brain and liver. The physiological significance of these changes in amino acids may involve protection of the body from heat stress. Thus, numerous studies have focused on evaluating the effects of dietary administration of amino acids. It was found that oral l-Cit lowered body temperature and increased thermotolerance in layer chicks. When l-Leu was injected into fertile broiler eggs to examine the cause of reduction of Leu in embryos exposed to HT, in ovo feeding of l-Leu improved thermotolerance in broiler chicks. In ovo injection of l-Leu was also found to inhibit weight loss in market-age broilers exposed to chronic HT, giving rise to the possibility of developing a novel biotechnology aimed at minimizing the economic losses to poultry producers during summer heat stress. These findings and the significance of amino acid metabolism in chicks and market-age broilers under HT are summarized and discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Differential expression of growth and immunity related genes influenced by in ovo supplementation of amino acids in broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Bhanja ◽  
M. Sudhagar ◽  
A. Goel ◽  
N. Pandey ◽  
M. Mehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Immune Genes ◽  
Mucin Gene ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factors

The present study was aimed at investigating the role of in ovo administered amino acids: lysine, arginine, threonine or methionine plus cysteine (Met+Cys) in 14-day embryos on expression profile of growth (chicken growth hormone (cGH), insulin like growth factors (IGF) I and II, and mucin) and immunity related genes (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ). On incubation day (ID) 18, higher (P < 0.01) cGH and mucin gene expression was observed in lysine, threonine, arginine or Met+Cys injected embryos, while IGF-II expression was higher in threonine, arginine or Met+Cys injected embryos on ID 20. Expression of growth genes was down regulated (P < 0.01) on day of hatch in most of the amino acids injected chicks. On day 7 post-hatch (PH), threonine or arginine exhibited higher expression of cGH, IGF-I, and IGF-II but higher mucin gene expression only on day 14 PH. Threonine or Met+Cys injected birds had higher expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, while arginine injected birds had higher TNF-α expression. Lysine, threonine or Met+Cys injected birds had higher IL-2, but lower of IL-12 and IFN-γ gene expression. It is concluded that arginine and threonine enhanced the expression of growth related genes, while threonine and Met+Cys modulated expression of immune genes in broiler chickens.  

scholarly journals In Ovo Injection of GABA Can Help Body Weight Gain at Hatch, Increase Chick Weight to Egg Weight Ratio, and Improve Broiler Heat Resistance

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1364
Author(s):  
Chris Major Ncho ◽  
Akshat Goel ◽  
Chae-Mi Jeong ◽  
Mohamed Youssouf ◽  
Yang-Ho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
In Ovo Injection

The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of an in ovo GABA injection in broilers challenged with HS. In Experiment 1, 210 Arbor Acres eggs were allocated to five treatments: no-injection, and in ovo injection of 0.6 mL of 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of GABA. Hatchling weight and CWEWR were significantly increased in the 5% GABA group. In ovo, injection of 10% GABA solution caused a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and increased plasma total antioxidant capacity of hatchlings. Experiment 2 was conducted with 126 fertile Arbor Acres eggs distributed into one of two groups. At 17.5 days of incubation, one received no injection, and the other was fed 0.6 mL of 10% GABA. On day 10, one subgroup (4 replicates * 3 birds) from each treatment was submitted to HS (38 ± 1 °C for 3 h) while the other was kept at a thermoneutral temperature (29 ± 1 °C). An in ovo injection of GABA significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, but reduced malondialdehyde levels, hepatic mRNA levels of HSP70, FAS, and L-FABP with HS. In conclusion, an in ovo GABA injection improves CWEWR and antioxidant status at hatch, and enhances antioxidant status while downregulating the expression of HSP70 and fatty acid metabolism-related genes in young chicks under HS.

scholarly journals Effects of In-Ovo injection of Biotin on chick’s embryonic development and physiological traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 761 (1) ◽  
pp. 012111
Author(s):  
S. A. Alkubaisy ◽  
A. A. Majid ◽  
S. M. Abdulateef ◽  
F. A. Al-Bazy ◽  
O. K. Attallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
In Ovo Injection

scholarly journals Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on regulatory appetite and heat stress protein genes in broiler chickens subjected to heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suriya Kumari Ramiah ◽  
Elmutaz Atta Awad ◽  
Nur Izzah Mohd Hemly ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Olubodun Joshua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Broiler Chicks

Abstract This study was conducted to explore the effect of the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) supplement on the regulatory appetite and heat stress (HS) genes in broiler chickens raised under high or normal ambient temperatures. In this study, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned to 48 battery cages. From day 1, these 48 cages were randomly subjected to four different treatment strategies: Control (wherein, their basal diet included 60 mg/kg of ZnO), ZNONPs 40 (wherein basal diet included 40 mg/kg of ZnONPs), ZnONPs 60 (basal diet included 60 mg/kg of ZnONPs), and ZnONPs 100 (basal diet included 100 mg/kg of ZnONPs). Thereafter, from day 22 to 42, the chickens from each dietary treatment group were subjected to different temperature stresses either normal (23 ± 1 °C constant) or HS (34 ± 1 °C for 6 h/d), which divided them into eight different treatment groups. Our findings revealed that dietary ZnONPs altered the gene expression of cholecystokinin (ileum), heat stress proteins (HSP) 70 (jejunum and ileum), and HSP 90 (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). The gene expression of ghrelin was affected by the interaction between the ZnONPs concentration and temperature in the duodenum and stomach. More studies are required to elucidate its complex physiological and biochemical functions of the regulation of gene expression within the intestine in heat-stressed broiler chickens.

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