scholarly journals PSMA Theranostics: Science and Practice

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3904
Author(s):  
Kgomotso Mokoala ◽  
Ismaheel Lawal ◽  
Thabo Lengana ◽  
Mankgopo Kgatle ◽  
Frederik Giesel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Specific Membrane ◽  
Specific Ligand ◽  
Made In

Prostate cancer (PCa) causes significant morbidity and mortality in men globally. While localized PCa may be managed with curative intent by surgery and/or radiation therapy, the management of advanced hormone resistant metastatic disease (mCRPC) is more challenging. Theranostics is a principle based on the ability to use an organ specific ligand and label it to both a diagnostic and a therapeutic agent. The overexpression of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate cancer cells creates a unique opportunity for development of targeted radionuclide therapy. The use of both beta and alpha emitting particles has shown great success. Several clinical trials have been initiated assessing the efficacy and safety profile of these radionuclide agents. The results are encouraging with PSMA directed radioligand therapy performing well in patients who have exhausted all other standard treatment options. Future studies need to assess the timing of introduction of these radionuclide therapies in the management schema of mCRPC. Drugs or therapies are not without side effects and targeted radionuclide therapies presents a new set of toxicities including xerostomia and myelosuppression. New therapeutic strategies are being explored to improve outcomes while keeping toxicities to a minimum. This review aims to look at the various PSMA labelled tracers that form part of the theragnostic approach and subsequently delve into the progress made in the area of radionuclide therapy.

scholarly journals Advances in prostate cancer imaging

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Tangel ◽  
Ardeshir R. Rastinehad
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Imaging ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
High Risk Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Specific Membrane ◽  
Made In

Many exciting advances in medical imaging have been made in recent years that will alter the way we diagnose, stage, and treat patients with prostate cancer. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as the main modality for prostate cancer imaging. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and shear wave elastography may be strong alternatives in patients who cannot undergo MRI. Prostate-specific membrane antigen-directed positron emission tomography/computed tomography has proven to be valuable in the primary staging of high-risk disease and for detecting disease in patients with biochemical recurrence. As more studies continue to emerge, it is becoming clear that the standard algorithm for diagnosing and staging prostate cancer will undergo significant changes in the near future.

scholarly journals Novel therapies are changing treatment paradigms in metastatic prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Powers ◽  
Georgia Sofia Karachaliou ◽  
Chester Kao ◽  
Michael R. Harrison ◽  
Christopher J. Hoimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Terminal Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Membrane ◽  
Repair Genes

Abstract Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains a terminal diagnosis with an aggressive disease course despite currently approved therapeutics. The recent successful development of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for patients with mCRPC and mutations in DNA damage repair genes has added to the treatment armamentarium and improved personalized treatments for prostate cancer. Other promising therapeutic agents currently in clinical development include the radiotherapeutic 177-lutetium-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 targeting PSMA-expressing prostate cancer and combinations of immunotherapy with currently effective treatment options for prostate cancer. Herein, we have highlighted the progress in systemic treatments for mCRPC and the promising agents currently in ongoing clinical trials.

scholarly journals Review of Salvage Therapy for Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: The Role of Imaging and Rationale for Systemic Salvage Targeted Anti-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radioimmunotherapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyajit Kosuri ◽  
Naveed H. Akhtar ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
Joseph R. Osborne ◽  
Scott T. Tagawa
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Salvage Therapy ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Prostate Bed ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Specific Membrane

Despite local therapy with curative intent, approximately 30% of men suffer from biochemical relapse. Though some of these PSA relapses are not life threatening, many men eventually progress to metastatic disease and die of prostate cancer. Local therapy is an option for some men, but many have progression of disease following local salvage attempts. One significant issue in this setting is the lack of reliable imaging biomarkers to guide the use of local salvage therapy, as the likely reason for a low cure rate is the presence of undetected micrometastatic disease outside of the prostate/prostate bed. Androgen deprivation therapy is a cornerstone of therapy in the salvage setting. While subsets may benefit in terms of delay in time to metastatic disease and/or death, research is ongoing to improve salvage systemic therapy. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly overexpressed by the majority of prostate cancers. While initial methods of exploiting PSMA’s high and selective expression were suboptimal, additional work in both imaging and therapeutics is progressing. Salvage therapy and imaging modalities in this setting are briefly reviewed, and the rationale for PSMA-based systemic salvage radioimmunotherapy is described.

scholarly journals Evolving Castration Resistance and Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Expression: Implications for Patient Management

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3556
Author(s):  
Katharina Kessel ◽  
Christof Bernemann ◽  
Martin Bögemann ◽  
Kambiz Rahbar
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistance ◽  
Specific Membrane

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains an incurable disease, despite multiple novel treatment options. The role of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in the process of mCRPC development has long been underestimated. During the last years, a new understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of rising PSMA expression and its association with disease progression has emerged. Accurate understanding of these complex interactions is indispensable for a precise diagnostic process and ultimately successful treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The combination of different novel therapeutics such as androgen deprivation agents, 177LU-PSMA radioligand therapy and PARP inhibitors promises a new kind of efficacy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the most relevant molecular mechanisms around PSMA in mCRPC development and how they can be implemented in mCRPC management.

scholarly journals Preclinical and Clinical Status of PSMA-Targeted Alpha Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asta Juzeniene ◽  
Vilde Yuli Stenberg ◽  
Øyvind Sverre Bruland ◽  
Roy Hartvig Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Visceral Metastases ◽  
Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Castrate Resistant ◽  
Specific Membrane ◽  
Clinical Advances ◽  
Made In

Bone, lymph node, and visceral metastases are frequent in castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients. Since such patients have only a few months’ survival benefit from standard therapies, there is an urgent need for new personalized therapies. The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in prostate cancer and is a molecular target for imaging diagnostics and targeted radionuclide therapy (theragnostics). PSMA-targeted α therapies (PSMA-TAT) may deliver potent and local radiation more selectively to cancer cells than PSMA-targeted β− therapies. In this review, we summarize both the recent preclinical and clinical advances made in the development of PSMA-TAT, as well as the availability of therapeutic α-emitting radionuclides, the development of small molecules and antibodies targeting PSMA. Lastly, we discuss the potentials, limitations, and future perspectives of PSMA-TAT.

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