scholarly journals An Experimental Study of the Decomposition and Carbonation of Magnesium Carbonate for Medium Temperature Thermochemical Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1316
Author(s):  
Daniel Mahon ◽  
Gianfranco Claudio ◽  
Philip Eames
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Decomposition Enthalpy ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

To improve the energy efficiency of an industrial process thermochemical energy storage (TCES) can be used to store excess or typically wasted thermal energy for utilisation later. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) has a turning temperature of 396 °C, a theoretical potential to store 1387 J/g and is low cost (~GBP 400/1000 kg). Research studies that assess MgCO3 for use as a medium temperature TCES material are lacking, and, given its theoretical potential, research to address this is required. Decomposition (charging) tests and carbonation (discharging) tests at a range of different temperatures and pressures, with selected different gases used during the decomposition tests, were conducted to gain a better understanding of the real potential of MgCO3 for medium temperature TCES. The thermal decomposition (charging) of MgCO3 has been investigated using thermal analysis techniques including simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), TGA with attached residual gas analyser (RGA) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) (up to 650 °C). TGA, DSC and RGA data have been used to quantify the thermal decomposition enthalpy from each MgCO3.xH2O thermal decomposition step and separate the enthalpy from CO2 decomposition and H2O decomposition. Thermal analysis experiments were conducted at different temperatures and pressures (up to 40 bar) in a CO2 atmosphere to investigate the carbonation (discharging) and reversibility of the decarbonation–carbonation reactions for MgCO3. Experimental results have shown that MgCO3.xH2O has a three-step thermal decomposition, with a total decomposition enthalpy of ~1050 J/g under a nitrogen atmosphere. After normalisation the decomposition enthalpy due to CO2 loss equates to 1030–1054 J/g. A CO2 atmosphere is shown to change the thermal decomposition (charging) of MgCO3.xH2O, requiring a higher final temperature of ~630 °C to complete the decarbonation. The charging input power of MgCO3.xH2O was shown to vary from 4 to 8136 W/kg with different isothermal temperatures. The carbonation (discharging) of MgO was found to be problematic at pressures up to 40 bar in a pure CO2 atmosphere. The experimental results presented show MgCO3 has some characteristics that make it a candidate for thermochemical energy storage (high energy storage potential) and other characteristics that are problematic for its use (slow discharge) under the experimental test conditions. This study provides a comprehensive foundation for future research assessing the feasibility of using MgCO3 as a medium temperature TCES material. Future research to determine conditions that improve the carbonation (discharging) process of MgO is required.

Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Mg (NO3)2·6H2O and MgCl2·6H2O Composite as Phase Change Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ding ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Xiao Yan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Decomposition Step ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Predominant Process ◽  
Change Material

The thermal decomposition characteristics of Mg (NO3)2·H2O and MgCl2·6H2O composite were studied by integrated thermal analysis. Results show that there are five steps during the thermal decomposition of phase change material (PCM): the starting temperature of each step is 35.5°C, 93°C, 196°C, 260°C and 318°C, respectively. PCM was calcined at different temperatures at each decomposition step. The composition and morphology of the calcined product was characterized by XRD and SEM. Two major reactions including dehydration and hydrolysis occur in the thermal decomposition progress. Dehydration is the main process below 196 °C, while hydrolysis is predominant process when the temperature is higher than 196 °C.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid 2-methoxycinnamylidenepyruvate of some bivalent metal ions in CO2 and N2 atmospheres

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. de Carvalho ◽  
A. B. Siqueira ◽  
E. Y. Ionashiro ◽  
M. Ionashiro
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bivalent Metal ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Bivalent Metal Ions ◽  
Bivalent Metals ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Solid State M-2-MeO-CP compounds, where M stands for bivalent metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) and 2-MeO-CP is 2-methoxycinnamylidenepyruvate, were synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), elemental analysis and complexometry were used to establish the stoichiometry and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds in CO2 and N2 atmospheres. The results were consistent with the general formula: M(L)2∙H2O. In both atmospheres (CO2, N2) the thermal decomposition occurs in consecutive steps which are characteristic of each compound. For CO2 atmosphere the final residues were: Mn3O4, Fe3O4, Co3O4, NiO, Cu2O and ZnO, while under N2 atmosphere the thermal decomposition is still observed at 1000 º C.

scholarly journals Thermal decomposition of solid state compounds of lanthanide and yttrium benzoates in CO2 atmosphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
José Roberto Locatelli ◽  
Adriano Buzutti De Siqueira ◽  
Cláudio Teodoro De Carvalho ◽  
Massao Ionashiro
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Trivalent Lanthanides ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Solid-state Ln-Bz compounds, where Ln stands for trivalent lanthanides and Bz is benzoate have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis in a CO2 atmosphere were used to study the thermal decomposition of these compounds

scholarly journals Thermal behaviour of succinic acid, sodium succinate and its compounds with some bivalent transitions metal ions in dynamic N2 and CO2 atmospheres

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
CF. J. Caires ◽  
L. S. Lima ◽  
C. T. Carvalho ◽  
M. Ionashiro
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Final Residue ◽  
Stoichiometric Relation ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Thermal stability and thermal decomposition of succinic acid, sodium succinate and its compounds with Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were investigated employing simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) in nitrogen and carbon dioxide atmospheres and TG-FTIR in nitrogen atmosphere. On heating, in both atmospheres the succinic acid melt and evaporate, while for the sodium succinate the thermal decomposition occurs with the formation of sodium carbonate. For the transition metal succinates the final residue up to 1180 ºC in N2 atmosphere was a mixture of metal and metal oxide in no simple stoichiometric relation, except for Zn compound, where the residue was a small quantity of carbonaceous residue. For the CO2 atmosphere the final residue up to 980 ºC was: MnO, Fe3O4, CoO, ZnO and mixtures of Ni, NiO and Cu, Cu2O.

scholarly journals Thermal decomposition of solid state compounds of lanthanide and yttrium benzoates in CO2 atmosphere

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
J. R. Locatelli ◽  
A. B. Siqueira ◽  
C. T. Carvalho ◽  
M. Ionashiro
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Trivalent Lanthanides ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Solid-state Ln-Bz compounds, where Ln stands for trivalent lanthanides and Bz is benzoate have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis in a CO2 atmosphere were used to study the thermal decomposition of these compounds.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline ZnO Powders by a Direct Thermal Decomposition Route Using Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supphadate Sujinnapram ◽  
Uraiphorn Termsuk ◽  
Atcharawan Charoentam ◽  
Sutthipoj Sutthana
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Absorption Peak ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Zno Powders

The nanocrystalline ZnO powders were synthesized by a direct thermal decomposition using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as starting materials. The precursor was characterized by TG-DTA to determine the thermal decomposition and crystallization temperature which was found to be at 325 oC. The precursors were calcined at different temperatures of 400, 500, and 600°C for 4 h. The structure of the prepared samples was studied by XRD, confirming the formation of wurtzite structure. The synthesized powders exhibited the UV absorption below 400 nm (3.10 eV) with a well defined absorption peak at around 285 nm (4.35 eV). The estimated direct bandgaps were obtained to be 3.19, 3.16, and 3.14 eV for the ZnO samples thermally decomposed at 400, 500, and 600°C, respectively.

scholarly journals Distributed Thermal Energy Storage Configuration of an Urban Electric and Heat Integrated Energy System Considering Medium Temperature Characteristics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2924
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Yusong Guo ◽  
Kai Hou ◽  
Kai Yuan ◽  
Yi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Configuration Model ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Heat Network ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Temperature Characteristics

Distributed thermal energy storage (DTES) provides specific opportunities to realize the sustainable and economic operation of urban electric heat integrated energy systems (UEHIES). However, the construction of the theory of the model and the configuration method of thermal storage for distributed application are still challenging. This paper analyzes the heat absorption and release process between the DTES internal heat storage medium and the heat network transfer medium, refines the relationship between heat transfer power and temperature characteristics, and establishes a water thermal energy storage and electric heater phase change thermal energy storage model, considering medium temperature characteristics. Combined with the temperature transmission delay characteristics of a heat network, a two-stage optimal configuration model of DTES for UEHIES is proposed. The results show that considering the temperature characteristics in the configuration method can accurately reflect the performance of DTES, enhance wind power utilization, improve the operation efficiency of energy equipment, and reduce the cost of the system.

scholarly journals Flexible Electricity Dispatch of an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle through Thermal Energy Storage and Hydrogen Production

Thermo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-121
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Reyes-Belmonte ◽  
Alejandra Ambrona-Bermúdez ◽  
Daniel Calvo-Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Demand Curves ◽  
Hydrogen Plant ◽  
Demand Coverage

In this work, the flexible operation of an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) power plant has been optimized considering two different energy storage approaches. The objective of this proposal is to meet variable users’ grid demand for an extended period at the lowest cost of electricity. Medium temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and hydrogen generation configurations have been analyzed from a techno-economic point of view. Results found from annual solar plant performance indicate that molten salts storage solution is preferable based on the lower levelized cost of electricity (0.122 USD/kWh compared to 0.158 USD/kWh from the hydrogen generation case) due to the lower conversion efficiencies of hydrogen plant components. However, the hydrogen plant configuration exceeded, in terms of plant availability and grid demand coverage, as fewer design constraints resulted in a total demand coverage of 2155 h per year. It was also found that grid demand curves from industrial countries limit the deployment of medium-temperature TES systems coupled to ISCC power plants, since their typical demand curves are characterized by lower power demand around solar noon when solar radiation is higher. In such scenarios, the Brayton turbine design is constrained by noon grid demand, which limits the solar field and receiver thermal power design.

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