scholarly journals Active Aging in ASEAN Countries: Influences from Age-Friendly Environments, Lifestyles, and Socio-Demographic Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8290
Author(s):  
Sariyamon Tiraphat ◽  
Vijj Kasemsup ◽  
Doungjai Buntup ◽  
Murallitharan Munisamy ◽  
Thang Huu Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Health Organization

Active aging is a challenging issue to promote older population health; still, there is little clarity on research investigating the determinants of active aging in developing countries. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the factors associated with the active aging of the older populations in ASEAN’s low and middle-income countries by focusing on Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand. The study is a cross-sectional quantitative research study using multi-stage cluster sampling to randomize the sample. The sample consists of 2031 older people aged 55 years and over, including 510 Thai, 537 Malaysian, 487 Myanmar, and 497 Vietnamese. We collected a quantitative questionnaire of age-friendly environmental scale and active aging scale based on the World Health Organization (WHO) concept. The predictors of active aging include age-friendly environments, lifestyles, and socioeconomic factors; the data are analyzed by using multiple logistic regression. After adjusting for other factors, we found that older people living in a community with higher levels of age-friendly environments are 5.52 times more active than those in lower levels of age-friendly environments. Moreover, the older population with healthy lifestyles such as good dietary intake and high physical activity will be 4.93 times more active than those with unhealthy lifestyles. Additionally, older adults with partners, higher education, and aged between 55 and 64 years will be 1.70, 2.61, and 1.63 times more active than those with separate/divorce/widow, primary education, and age at 75 years or higher, respectively. Our results contribute considerable evidence for ASEAN policy-making to promote active aging in this region.

scholarly journals Perinatal asphyxia and associated factors among neonates admitted to a specialized public hospital in South Central Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262619
Author(s):  
Seifu Awgchew Mamo ◽  
Girum Sebsibie Teshome ◽  
Tewodros Tesfaye ◽  
Abel Tibebu Goshu
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
South Central ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction Perinatal asphyxia continues to be a significant clinical concern around the world as the consequences can be devastating. World Health Organization data indicates perinatal asphyxia is encountered amongst 6–10 newborns per 1000 live full-term birth, and the figures are higher for low and middle-income countries. Nevertheless, studies on the prevalence of asphyxia and the extent of the problem in poorly resourced southern Ethiopian regions are limited. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of perinatal asphyxia and its associated factors. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used from March to April 2020. Data was collected from charts of neonates who were admitted to NICU from January 2016 to December 31, 2019. Result The review of 311 neonates’ medical records revealed that 41.2% of the neonates experienced perinatal asphyxia. Preeclampsia during pregnancy (AOR = 6.2, 95%CI:3.1–12.3), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR = 4.5, 95%CI:2.3–8.6), gestational diabetes mellitus (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI:1.9–9.2), premature rupture of membrane (AOR = 2.5, 95%CI:1.33–4.7) fetal distress (AOR = 3,95%CI:1.3–7.0) and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 7.7, 95%CI: 3.1–19.3) were the associated factors. Conclusion Substantial percentages of neonates encounter perinatal asphyxia, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Focus on early identification and timely treatment of perinatal asphyxia in hospitals should, therefore, be given priority.

scholarly journals Diversity in the Factors Associated with ADL-Related Disability among Older People in Six Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Country Comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Septi Kurnia Lestari ◽  
Nawi Ng ◽  
Paul Kowal ◽  
Ailiana Santosa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adl Disability

The low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are experiencing rapid population ageing, yet knowledge about disability among older populations in these countries is scarce. This study aims to identify the prevalence and factors associated with disability among people aged 50 years and over in six LMICs. Cross-sectional data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health Wave 1 (2007–2010) in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, the Russian Federation, and South Africa was used. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken to examine the association between sociodemographic factors, health behaviours, chronic conditions, and activities of daily living (ADL) disability. The prevalence of disability among older adults ranged from 16.2% in China to 55.7% in India. Older age, multimorbidity, and depression were the most common factors related to disability in all six countries. Gender was significant in China (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29), Ghana (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.48) and India (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37–1.99). Having no access to social capital was significantly associated with ADL disability in China (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.54–4.31) and South Africa (OR = 4.11, 95% CI: 1.79–9.43). Prevalence data is valuable in these six ageing countries, with important evidence on mitigating factors for each. Identifying determinants associated with ADL disability among older people in LMICs can inform how to best implement health prevention programmes considering different country-specific factors.

NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN JAMAICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Andrew Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: The World Health Organization indicated that 71 per cent of all deaths globally (41 million people) and 80 per cent of mortality in low-to-middle-income nations are accounted for by noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, there is sparse information on the prevalence of NCDs among religious leaders. Objectives: To evaluate the nature of NCDs among religious SDA leaders in Central Jamaica, 2) determine the extent of NCDs among religious SDA leaders in Central Jamaica, 3) assess the healthcare-seeking behaviour and prevalence of ill-health experienced among religious SDA leaders who reported having a NCDs, and 4) determine the per cent of religious SDA leaders who reported having hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Methods and materials: The current study employed a correlational cross-sectional design. The population for this research was leaders who serve in the Seventh-day Adventist churches in Central Jamaica (n=350). A standardized questionnaire was developed to collect data and evaluate the research objectives. Findings: The most prevalent NCDs were hypertension (28.9 per cent), high cholesterol and arthritis (18.6 per cent, each), chronic respiratory (8.8 per cent), and diabetes (8.5 per cent). Seventy-two and two tenths per cent of those who reported having an NCD sought medical care compared to 84.5 per cent of those who did not report an NCD (χ2(df=1)=4.231, P = 0.042). Leaders with NCDs were less likely to report good health than those who did not report NCDs (χ2(df=1)=25.048, P < 0.0001, ɸ= -0.352). Conclusion: NCDs among religious SDA leaders are showing worrying signs and these must be affecting their decision-making capabilities.  Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, good health status, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), religious leaders, healthcare-seeking behaviour, hypertension, self-reported health status

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pneumonia among Children 2 – 59 Months of Age in Gumay District, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteneh Tesfaye ◽  
Desta Hiko ◽  
Teshome Kabeta
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Recent estimates from the World Health Organization suggest that pneumonia is responsible for 20% of deaths in the under-five age group, leading to 3 million deaths per year. Out of fifteen countries that have the highest death rate from clinical pneumonia in children younger than five-year-old, Ethiopia ranks as number four in the world. Objective To determine the prevalence and identify the associated factors of pneumonia among 2 -59 months old children in Gumay district, Jimma zone, 2017. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Gumay district from March 1- 26 /2017. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to proportionally draw 347 households from 5 selected kebeles. Pre-tested Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was employed to collect data from households. Health professionals were recruited in the survey as data collectors and supervisors. The data was entered to Epi-Data version 3 and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Result The prevalence of pneumonia in 2 to 59 months old children found to be 7.5%. a child 2-11 months of age(AOR = 3.17;95%CI 1.6,6.3; p-value= 0.024), Cooking place (AOR=5.7; 95% CI 1.83,18; p-value=0.004), living in houses with less than two windows (AOR= 3.18; 95% CI 1.07, 9.5; p-value =0.034), location of the child during cooking (AOR=5.15; 95%CI 1.6, 16.7; p-value= 0.008) and being not vaccinated (AOR=4.76, 95% CI;1.69, 13.37; p-value=0.003) were found to be significant associated with pneumonia among children 2 to 59 months of age in this study.

scholarly journals Epidemic Response and Transmission Dynamics of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Khartoum State- Sudan 2020: Study Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri ◽  
Mohanad Kamaleldin Mahmoud Ibrahim ◽  
Shahenaz Seifaldeen Mustafa Satti
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Epidemic Response ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background: A novel Coronavirus was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the syndrome of clinical manifestation was named (COVID-19). Consequently, on Jan 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak as a pandemic and a public health emergency of international concern. The objectives of this research are to investigate the response of the health system at different levels towards the control of the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the COVID-19 transmission dynamics among Sudanese community. Methods: A community and institutional-based cross sectional based study will be conducted in Khartoum State include all the seven localities. The sample size of participant is estimated at 920 using the population formula (n=N/1+ (n*d2)) and considering the response rate. The sample will be drawn using multistage cluster sampling. Data will be collected using interview with key informant and concerned bodies/institutes involved in the response at both the federal and Khartoum State levels. Administered pre-coded, pretested closed ended questionnaire will be developed to collect data from community participants. Data will be managed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Analysis is mostly univariate descriptive and bi-variate with Chi Square & Fischer Exact tests analysis to find associations between variables of interest.Discussion: This study is expected to evaluate the extent and magnitude of the epidemic response at different levels in addition to the adequacy of the epidemic response. The study participants will be screened to estimate proportion of individuals per age strata who show sero-positivity for virus infection, thus it will estimate the percentages of individuals reporting symptoms/signs of infection and asymptomatic fraction. The results of this study will strengthen the current interventional approaches of COVID-19 epidemic control and will provide set of database for better planning and implementation of COVID-19 control across the country. It will contribute to in-depth understanding of the COVID-19 transmission dynamics among Sudanese community and will improve the community awareness about COVID-19.

scholarly journals Association of Edentulism With Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽  
José Luís Robles-Minaya ◽  
Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, which had a probabilistic, multi-stage and cluster sampling. The results of the self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, depression, angina pectoris, asthma and schizophrenia) and of edentulism were analyzed. Dental data were available for 20 of the 32 States of the Mexican Republic. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex samples. Results: In total, 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. The mean age was 70.13 &plusmn; 7.82 years (limits 60 to 98). Women represented 56.2%. The chronic diseases analyzed were presented as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which represents 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over with this characteristic. For the presence of angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p &amp;lt;0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p &amp;lt;0.0001), a higher prevalence of edentulism was observed. Conclusions: In general, there was no observation of association between edentulism was observed on the different chronic diseases included in the study. In the stratified analysis, only in women aged 60 to 69 years, for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression, were associated.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Smoking among Gambian Men: A Cross-Sectional National WHO STEP Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cham ◽  
Scholes ◽  
Groce ◽  
Mindell
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low Prevalence

Background: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the world, with a higher burden in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence and predictors of smoking among Gambian men using nationally representative data. Methods: Data was collected in 2010 from a random, nationally representative sample of 4111 adults aged 25–64 years (78% response rate) using the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise cross-sectional survey methods. Our analyses focused on men with valid information on smoking status (n = 1766) because of the low prevalence of smoking among women (1%). Results: The prevalence of current smoking among men was 31.4% (95% CI: 27.2–35.9). The median age of starting smoking was 19 years; 25% started before the age of 18 years and 10% started aged 8–10 years. Rural residence, underweight, and hypertension were significantly associated with smoking. Conclusion: The study reveals a high prevalence of smoking among Gambian men. It is evident that cigarettes are obtained by minors in The Gambia, as a high proportion of current smokers started at a young age. Advice and support to quit smoking should be extended to all smokers regardless of their age and whether or not they have any underlying health conditions.

scholarly journals Comparative health system performance in six middle-income countries: cross-sectional analysis using World Health Organization study of global ageing and health

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (9) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyadh Alshamsan ◽  
John Tayu Lee ◽  
Sangeeta Rana ◽  
Hasan Areabi ◽  
Christopher Millett
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health System Performance ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Objective To assess and compare health system performance across six middle-income countries that are strengthening their health systems in pursuit of universal health coverage. Design Cross-sectional analysis from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health, collected between 2007 and 2010. Setting Six middle-income countries: China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa. Participants Nationally representative sample of adults aged 50 years and older. Main outcome measures We present achievement against key indicators of health system performance across effectiveness, cost, access, patient-centredness and equity domains. Results We found areas of poor performance in prevention and management of chronic conditions, such as hypertension control and cancer screening coverage. We also found that cost remains a barrier to healthcare access in spite of insurance schemes. Finally, we found evidence of disparities across many indicators, particularly in the effectiveness and patient centredness domains. Conclusions These findings identify important focus areas for action and shared learning as these countries move towards achieving universal health coverage.

Geographical variation and temporal trend in anemia among children 6-59 months of age in low- and middle-income countries during 2000-2018: forecasting the 2030 SDG target

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Md. Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Ricardo J Soares Magalhaes ◽  
Saifuddin Ahmed ◽  
Sonia Pervin ◽  
Md. Tariqujjaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Objective: To examine geographical variations, trends, and projections in the prevalence of childhood anemia at national and subpopulation levels. Design: Repeated cross-sectional Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted during 2000-2018. Setting: 53 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) Participants: 776,689 children aged 6-59 months of age. Results: During the latest DHS rounds between 2005-2018, the prevalence of child anemia was >20% in 52 out of 53 countries and ranged from 15.9% in Armenia in 2016 to 87.8% in Burkina Faso in 2010. Out of 36 countries with at least two surveys during 2000-2018, the prevalence of child anemia decreased in 22 countries, highest in Zimbabwe (−4.2%) and increased in 14 countries, highest in Burundi (5.0%). Based on the trend, 11 and 22 out of 36 countries are projected to experience respectively moderate and severe public health problem according to the World Health Organization criteria (moderate problem: 20-39.9% and severe problem: ≥40%) due to child anemia in 2030, with the highest prevalence in Liberia (87.5%, 95% Credible Interval 52.0-98.8%). The prevalence of child anemia varied across the mother’s education and age, child sex, wealth quintiles, and place of residence, with the highest rate of child anemia among the poorest, rural, and low-educated mothers. These scenarios are projected to continue. The probability of reducing child anemia at <0.5% by 2030 is 0% for all study countries. Conclusions: The prevalence of child anemia varied between and within countries. None of the 36 LMICs is likely to eradicate child anemia by 2030.

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