scholarly journals Kinematic and Kinetic Gait Parameters Can Distinguish between Idiopathic and Neurologic Toe-Walking

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Andreas Habersack ◽  
Stefan Franz Fischerauer ◽  
Tanja Kraus ◽  
Hans-Peter Holzer ◽  
Martin Svehlik
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Idiopathic Toe Walking ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Toe Walking

The differentiation between mild forms of toe-walking (equinus) in cerebral palsy (CP) and idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) is often clinically challenging. This study aims to define kinematic and kinetic parameters using 3D gait analysis to facilitate and secure the diagnosis of “idiopathic toe-walking”. We conducted a retrospective controlled stratified cohort study. 12 toe-walking subjects per group diagnosed as ITW or CP were included and stratified according to age, gender and maximal dorsiflexion in stance. We collected kinematic and kinetic data using a three-dimensional optical motion analysis system with integrated floor force plates. Pairwise comparison between ITW and CP gait data was performed, and discriminant factor analysis was conducted. Both groups were compared with typically developing peers (TD). We found kinematic and kinetic parameters having a high discriminatory power and sensitivity to distinguish between ITW and CP groups (e.g., knee angle at initial contact (91% sensitivity, 73% specificity) and foot progression angle at midstance (82% sensitivity, 73% specificity)). The strength of this study is a high discriminatory power between ITW and CP toe-walking groups. Described kinematic parameters are easy to examine even without high-tech equipment; therefore, it is directly transferable to everyday praxis.

A Comparison of the Birth Characteristics of Idiopathic Toe Walking and Toe Walking Gait Due to Medical Reasons

2016 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Baber ◽  
Joanne Michalitsis ◽  
Michael Fahey ◽  
Barry Rawicki ◽  
Terry Haines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Walking Gait ◽  
Idiopathic Toe Walking ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
Toe Walking

scholarly journals Regional Distribution and Kinetics of Three Sites on the GABAA Receptor: Lack of Effect of Portacaval Shunting

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke M. Mans ◽  
Kelli M. Kukulka ◽  
Keith J. McAvoy ◽  
Norman C. Rokosz
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Portacaval Shunt ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Benzodiazepine Site ◽  
Gaba Neurotransmission

The regional distribution of binding sites on the GABAA receptor and their kinetic parameters were measured by quantitative autoradiography in brains from normal rats and rats with a portacaval shunt, a model of portal systemic encephalopathy in which GABA neurotransmission may be altered. The ligands used were [3H]flunitrazepam (a benzodiazepine-site agonist), [3H]-Ro 15-1788 (a benzodiazepine-site antagonist), [3H]muscimol (a GABA-site agonist), and [35S] t-butylbicyclo-phosphorothionate (35S-TBPS, a convulsant that binds to a site near the chloride channel). Some brains were analyzed by computerized image analysis and three-dimensional reconstruction. The regional distribution of binding of the benzodiazepines was very similar, but the patterns obtained with [3H]muscimol and [35S]TBPS were different in many areas, suggesting a heterogeneous distribution of several subtypes of the GABAA receptor. The kinetic parameters were determined in brain regions for [3H]flunitrazepam, [3H]Ro15-1788, and [3H]muscimol. For each ligand, the Kd showed a significant heterogeneity among brain regions (at least threefold), contrary to conclusions drawn from earlier studies. In portacaval shunted rats, binding of all four ligands was essentially unchanged from that in control rats, indicating that, if there was an abnormality in GABA neurotransmission during portal systemic shunting, it was not reflected by altered binding to the main sites on the GABAA receptor.

Electromyographic Test to Differentiate Mild Diplegic Cerebral Palsy and Idiopathic Toe-Walking

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Policy ◽  
Leslie Torburn ◽  
Lawrence A. Rinsky ◽  
Jessica Rose
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Idiopathic Toe Walking ◽  
Toe Walking

Spatial Kinematic Analysis of Threaded Fastener Assembly

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wiedmann ◽  
Bob Sturges
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Geometric Problem ◽  
Intelligent Sensor ◽  
Contact State ◽  
Contact Points

Compliant mechanisms for rigid part mating exist for prismatic geometries. A few instances are known of mechanisms to assemble screw threads. A comprehensive solution to this essentially geometric problem comprises at least three parts: parametric equations for nut and bolt contact in the critical starting phase of assembly, the possible space of motions between these parts during this phase, and the design space of compliant devices which accomplish the desired motions in the presence of friction and positional uncertainty. This work concentrates on the second part in which the threaded pair is modeled numerically, and contact tests are automated through software. Tessellated solid models were used during three-dimensional collision analysis to enumerate the approximate location of the initial contact point. The advent of a second contact point presented a more constrained contact state. Thus, the bolt is rotated about a vector defined by the initial two contact points until a third contact location was found. By analyzing the depth of intersection of the bolt into the nut as well as the vertical movement of the origin of the bolt reference frame, we determined that there are three types of contacts states present: unstable two-point, quasi-stable two-point, stable three point. The space of possible motions is bounded by these end conditions which will differ in detail depending upon the starting orientations. We investigated all potential orientations which obtain from a discretization of the roll, pitch, and yaw uncertainties, each of which has its own set of contact points. From this exhaustive examination, a full contact state history was determined, which lays the foundation for the design space of either compliant mechanisms or intelligent sensor-rich controls.

scholarly journals Effect of a nonsurgical treatment program on the gait pattern of idiopathic toe walking: a case report

2016 ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szopa ◽  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Weronika Gallert-Kopyto ◽  
Wojciech Kiebzak ◽  
Ryszard Plinta
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Nonsurgical Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Toe Walking ◽  
Toe Walking
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