scholarly journals The Association between Exposure to Residential Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds and Measures of Central Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Middle-Aged Men and Women

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Gilbey ◽  
Christopher M. Reid ◽  
Rachel R. Huxley ◽  
Mario J. Soares ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Volatile Organic

It is well reported that individuals spend up to 90% of their daily time indoors, with between 60% to 90% of this time being spent in the home. Using a cross-sectional study design in a population of 111 healthy adults (mean age: 52.3 ± 9.9 years; 65% women), we investigated the association between exposure to total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor residential environments and measures of central arterial stiffness, known to be related to cardiovascular risk. Indoor VOC concentrations were measured along with ambulatory measures of pulse pressure (cPP), augmentation index (cAIx) and cAIx normalized for heart rate (cAIx75), over a continuous 24-h period. Pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was determined during clinical assessment. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between measures of arterial stiffness and VOCs after adjusting for covariates. Higher 24-h, daytime and night-time cAIx was associated with an interquartile range increase in VOCs. Similar effects were shown with cAIx75. No significant effects were observed between exposure to VOCs and cPP or cfPWV. After stratifying for sex and age (≤50 years; >50 years), effect estimates were observed to be greater and significant for 24-h and daytime cAIx in men, when compared to women. No significant effect differences were seen between age groups with any measure of arterial stiffness. In this study, we demonstrated that residential indoor VOCs exposure was adversely associated with some measures of central arterial stiffness, and effects were different between men and women. Although mechanistic pathways remain unclear, these findings provide a possible link between domestic VOCs exposure and unfavourable impacts on individual-level cardiovascular disease risk.

Volatile organic compounds in breath as markers of lung cancer: a cross-sectional study

The Lancet ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 353 (9168) ◽  
pp. 1930-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Phillips ◽  
Kevin Gleeson ◽  
J Michael B Hughes ◽  
Joel Greenberg ◽  
Renee N Cataneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Associations between residential exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liver injury markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banrida Wahlang ◽  
Tyler C. Gripshover ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
Tatiana Krivokhizhina ◽  
Rachel J. Keith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
Volatile Organic

ABSTRACTOccupational exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been associated with numerous health complications including steatohepatitis and liver cancer. However, the potential impact of environmental/residential VOC exposures on liver health and function is largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, the objective of this cross-sectional study is to investigate associations between VOCs and liver injury biomarkers in community residents. Subjects were recruited from six Louisville neighborhoods, and informed consent was obtained. Exposure biomarkers included 16 creatinine-adjusted urinary metabolites corresponding to 12 parent VOCs. Serological disease biomarkers measured included cytokertain-18 (K18 M65 and M30), liver enzymes and direct bilirubin. Associations between exposure and disease biomarkers were assessed using generalized linear models. Smoking status was confirmed through urinary cotinine levels. The population comprised of approximately 60% females and 40% males; White persons accounted 78% of the population; with more nonsmokers (n=413) than smokers (n=250). When compared to nonsmokers, Males (45%) and Black persons (26%) were more likely to be smokers. In the overall population, metabolites of acrolein, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, 1,3-butadiene, crotonaldehyde, styrene and xylene were positively associated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP). These associations persisted in smokers, with the exception of crotonaldehyde, and addition of N,N dimethylformamide and propylene oxide metabolites. Although no positive associations were observed for K18 M30, the benzene metabolite was positively associated with bilirubin, irrespective of smoking status. Taken together, the results demonstrated that selected VOCs were positively associated with liver injury biomarkers. These findings will enable better risk assessment and identification of populations vulnerable to liver disease.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of associations between normal body weight with central obesity and hyperuricemia in Japan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Shirasawa ◽  
Hirotaka Ochiai ◽  
Takahiko Yoshimoto ◽  
Satsue Nagahama ◽  
Akihiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Japanese Adults

Abstract Background Several studies have shown that normal weight with central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. However, the relationship between NWCO and hyperuricemia has not been studied in detail. Methods We investigated the association between NWCO and hyperuricemia among Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations between April 2013 and March 2014. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m 2 and central obesity was determined as a waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥0.5. We classified the participants into the following groups based according to having obesity and central obesity: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 ) without (NW; WHtR <0.5) and with (NWCO) central obesity, and obesity without (OB) and with (OBCO) central obesity. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid >7.0 and ≥6.0 mg/dL in men and women, respectively, or under medical treatment for hyperuricemia. Alcohol intake was classified as yes (daily and occasional consumption) and none (no alcohol consumption). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hyperuricemia were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results We analyzed data derived from 96,863 participants (69,241 men and 27,622 women). The prevalences of hyperuricemia in men and women were respectively, 21.4% and 11.0%, and of participants with NWCO respectively 15.6% and 30.0%. The adjusted OR for hyperuricemia was significantly increased in OBCO compared with NW, regardless of sex (men: OR, 2.12; 95%CI; 2.03-2.21; women: OR, 3.54; 95%CI, 3.21-3.90) and were statistically significant in NWCO compared with NW (men: OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.36-1.52; women: OR, 1.41; 95%CI, 1.27-1.57). The results were similar regardless of alcohol consumption. Conclusions We found that NWCO and OBCO were associated with hyperuricemia in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Middle-aged Japanese adults with normal weight but having central obesity should be screened using a combination of BMI and WHtR and educated about how to prevent hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Arterial Stiffness Parameters Correlate with Estimated Cardiovascular Risk in Humans: A Clinical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Tąpolska ◽  
Maciej Spałek ◽  
Urszula Szybowicz ◽  
Remigiusz Domin ◽  
Karolina Owsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reflection Index

Arterial stiffness is said to be a novel predictor of cardiovascular events. This study investigated the correlation between arterial stiffness parameters and the estimated cardiovascular disease risk (RISK) in a Polish cohort of patients divided by age, sex, and body-mass index (BMI). The cross-sectional study enrolled 295 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into three age groups, four weight groups, and by gender. The stiffness of the vessels was assessed by the measurement of the stiffness index (SI) and reflection index (RI). An individual 10-year RISK was calculated for each patient using the Heart Risk Calculator algorithm by the American Heart Association. A correlation between the SI and estimated RISK was observed (rS 0.42, p < 0.05). The strongest relationship was presented for women, the age group 40–54, and individuals with normal weight. The correlation between RI and calculated RISK was observed (rS 0.19, p < 0.05), the highest correlation was noticed for people aged 40–54 and obese. In conclusion, both SI and RI are correlated with estimated cardiovascular risk, however SI seems to be more useful than RI to predict the individual risk of future cardiovascular events. Both of these can be measured using non-invasive techniques, which demonstrates their potential utility in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of associations between normal body weight with central obesity and hyperuricemia in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Shirasawa ◽  
Hirotaka Ochiai ◽  
Takahiko Yoshimoto ◽  
Satsue Nagahama ◽  
Akihiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Japanese Adults

Abstract Background Several studies have shown that normal weight with central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. However, the relationship between NWCO and hyperuricemia has not been studied in detail. Methods We investigated the association between NWCO and hyperuricemia among Japanese adults aged 40–64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations between April 2013 and March 2014. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and central obesity was determined as a waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥0.5. We classified the participants into the following groups based according to having obesity and central obesity: normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) without (NW; WHtR < 0.5) and with (NWCO) central obesity, and obesity without (OB) and with (OBCO) central obesity. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid > 7.0 and ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in men and women, respectively, or under medical treatment for hyperuricemia. Alcohol intake was classified as yes (daily and occasional consumption) and none (no alcohol consumption). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hyperuricemia were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results We analyzed data derived from 96,863 participants (69,241 men and 27,622 women). The prevalences of hyperuricemia in men and women were respectively, 21.4 and 11.0%, and of participants with NWCO respectively 15.6 and 30.0%. The adjusted OR for hyperuricemia was significantly increased in OBCO compared with NW, regardless of sex (men: OR, 2.12; 95%CI; 2.03–2.21; women: OR, 3.54; 95%CI, 3.21–3.90) and were statistically significant in NWCO compared with NW (men: OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.36–1.52; women: OR, 1.41; 95%CI, 1.27–1.57). The results were similar regardless of alcohol consumption. Conclusions We found that NWCO and OBCO were associated with hyperuricemia in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Middle-aged Japanese adults with normal weight but having central obesity should be screened using a combination of BMI and WHtR and educated about how to prevent hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Vascular Alterations Among Young Adults with SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Ratchford ◽  
Jonathon Lee Stickford ◽  
Valesha M Province ◽  
Nina Stute ◽  
Marc Andrew Augenreich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: While SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects the lungs, the virus may be inflicting detriments to the cardiovascular system, both directly through angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor as well as initiating systemic inflammation. Persistent systemic inflammation may be provoking vascular dysfunction, an early indication of cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: In order to establish the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the systemic vasculature in the arms and legs, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of young healthy adults (Control: 5M/15F, 23.0±1.3y, 167±9cm, 63.0±7.4kg) and young adults who, 3-4 weeks prior to testing, had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2: 4M/7F, 20.2±1.1y, 172±12cm, 69.5±12.4kg) (mean±SD). Using Doppler ultrasound, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the arm and single passive limb movement (sPLM) in the leg were assessed as markers of vascular function. Pulse wave velocity (PWVcf) was assessed as a marker of arterial stiffness. Results: FMD was lower in the SARS-CoV-2 group (2.71±1.21%) compared to the Control group (8.81±2.96%) (P<0.01) and when made relative to the shear stimulus (SARS-CoV-2: 0.04±0.02AU, Control: 0.13±0.06AU, P<0.01). The femoral artery blood flow response, as evidenced by the area under the curve, from the sPLM was lower in the SARS-CoV-2 group (-3±91ml) compared with the Control group (118±114ml) (P<0.01). PWVcf was higher in the SARS-CoV-2 group (5.83±0.62m/s) compared with the Control group (5.17±0.66m/s) (P<0.01). Conclusions: Significantly lower systemic vascular function and higher arterial stiffness are evident weeks after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 among young adults compared to controls.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile infection by analysis of volatile organic compounds in breath, plasma, and stool: A cross-sectional proof-of-concept study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256259
Author(s):  
Teny M. John ◽  
Nabin K. Shrestha ◽  
Gary W. Procop ◽  
David Grove ◽  
Sixto M. Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Selected Ion Flow Tube

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an important infectious cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, with significant morbidity and mortality. Current diagnostic algorithms are based on identifying toxin by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and toxin gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with diarrhea. EIA’s sensitivity is poor, and PCR, although highly sensitive and specific, cannot differentiate infection from colonization. An ideal test that incorporates microbial factors, host factors, and host-microbe interaction might characterize true infection, and assess prognosis and recurrence. The study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has the potential to be an ideal diagnostic test. The presence of VOCs accounts for the characteristic odor of stool in CDI but their presence in breath and plasma has not been studied yet. A cross-sectional proof-of-concept study analyzing VOCs using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was done on breath, stool, and plasma of patients with clinical features and positive PCR for CDI (cases) and compared with patients with clinical features but a negative PCR (control). Our results showed that VOC patterns in breath, stool, and plasma, had good accuracy [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) 93%, 86%, and 91%, respectively] for identifying patients with CDI.

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