scholarly journals Evaluation of the Feasibility of NaCaPO4-Blended Zirconia as a New CAD/CAM Material for Dental Restoration

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3819
Author(s):  
Ting-Hsun Lan ◽  
Yu-Feng Chen ◽  
Yen-Yun Wang ◽  
Mitch M. C. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Better Than

The computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fabrication technique has become one of the hottest topics in the dental field. This technology can be applied to fixed partial dentures, removable dentures, and implant prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of NaCaPO4-blended zirconia as a new CAD/CAM material. Eleven different proportional samples of zirconia and NaCaPO4 (xZyN) were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Vickers microhardness, and the milling property of these new samples was tested via a digital optical microscope. After calcination at 950 °C for 4 h, XRD results showed that the intensity of tetragonal ZrO2 gradually decreased with an increase in the content of NaCaPO4. Furthermore, with the increase in NaCaPO4 content, the sintering became more obvious, which improved the densification of the sintered body and reduced its porosity. Specimens went through milling by a computer numerical control (CNC) machine, and the marginal integrity revealed that being sintered at 1350 °C was better than being sintered at 950 °C. Moreover, 7Z3N showed better marginal fit than that of 6Z4N among thirty-six samples when sintered at 1350 °C (p < 0.05). The milling test results revealed that 7Z3N could be a new CAD/CAM material for dental restoration use in the future.

scholarly journals Viability of the Digitalization of Dental Laboratory in Bacolod City

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-32
Author(s):  
Paul Brian S. Mendez ◽  
Rizalie N.E. Mibato
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Data File ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
The City

Dentistry has evolved from its origin to the present day, becoming almost entirely digitized and supervised. The digitalized dental laboratory saves time due to computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology, which will capture and display clients' tooth or teeth and gums on a 3D image on a computer screen sent to the lab.  It enables a dental lab technician to work faster and get the perfect design of the digital dental restoration. The main advantage of digitalization includes faster and improved efficiency on the turn-around time of devices, like crowns and bridges, and improved accuracy of procedures and manufactured gadgets. Digitalization Dental Laboratory (DDL) is the first to offer a digital dental lab in the city of Bacolod. The service allows laboratories to design the prosthesis digitally from in-house CAD software and email the design data provider or download the data file into a proprietary web host or server. The lab will cater to the digital needs of dental patients of the Multi-Specialty Dental Center (a sister company of DDL) and other dental clients.

scholarly journals Laser Scanning Based Object Detection to Realize Digital Blank Shadows for Autonomous Process Planning in Machining

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Marcel Wichmann ◽  
Klaas Maximilian Heide ◽  
René Räker
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Scan Paths ◽  
Interference Signals ◽  
Aided Design

The automated process chain of an unmanned production system is a distinct challenge in the technical state of the art. In particular, accurate and fast raw-part recognition is a current problem in small-batch production. This publication proposes a method for automatic optical raw-part detection to generate a digital blank shadow, which is applied for adapted CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) planning. Thereby, a laser-triangulation sensor is integrated into the machine tool. For an automatic raw-part detection and a workpiece origin definition, a dedicated algorithm for creating a digital blank shadow is introduced. The algorithm generates adaptive scan paths, merges laser lines and machine axis data, filters interference signals, and identifies part edges and surfaces according to a point cloud. Furthermore, a dedicated software system is introduced to investigate the created approach. This method is integrated into a CAD/CAM system, with customized software libraries for communication with the CNC (computer numerical control) machine. The results of this study show that the applied method can identify the positions, dimensions, and shapes of different raw parts autonomously, with deviations less than 1 mm, in 2.5 min. Moreover, the measurement and process data can be transferred without errors to different hardware and software systems. It was found that the proposed approach can be applied for rough raw-part detection, and in combination with a touch probe for accurate detection.

The Development of a Profile-Milling Program for Teaching Computer-Aided-Manufacturing and CNC Programming

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Hotchkiss
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Machining Center ◽  
Vertical Milling ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Cnc Programming ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract At SUNY College at Buffalo, a new course, TEC302, CAD/CAM, computer-aided-design and computer-aided-manufacturing was added to the Industrial Technology (IT) undergraduate curriculum in the fall of 1994. At that time, the technology department had been using the AutoCAD system for design/drafting, and SmartCAM for demonstrating computer-aided-manufacturing. SmartCAM is a sophisticated product that takes a great deal of training to use, does not work directly in AutoCAD, and with only four licenses, was not available to all the students. For these reasons, the author developed a CAM program, VAL-CAM, that works inside AutoCAD, and has most of the aspects of a more sophisticated CAM program, yet is simpler to use, is available to all students, and automatically generates CNC (computer-numerical-control) code suitable for driving the departments’ vertical milling machining center. This paper discusses the development of VAL-CAM, which is written in the AutoLISP language for compatibility with AutoCAD. The dialogue control language (DCL) of AutoCAD was also used for part of the user interface for VALCAM. The algorithms, flow diagrams, pseudo code and actual LISP code for some of the more interesting parts of the program are presented. VAL-CAM is under continuous development, and later sections of the program will be discussed in future papers.

WebCAD: A computer aided design tool constrained with explicit ‘design for manufacturability’ rules for computer numerical control milling

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mohole ◽  
P Wright ◽  
C Séquin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Computer Numerical Control ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

A key element in the overall efficiency of a manufacturing enterprise is the compatibility between the features that have been created in a newly designed part, and the capabilities of the downstream manufacturing processes. With this in mind, a process-aware computer aided design (CAD) system called WebCAD has been developed. The system restricts the freedom of the designer in such a way that the designed parts can be manufactured on a three-axis computer numerical control milling machine. This paper discusses the vision of WebCAD and explains the rationale for its development in comparison with commercial CAD/CAM (computer aided design/manufacture) systems. The paper then goes on to describe the implementation issues that enforce the manufacturability rules. Finally, certain design tools are described that aid a user during the design process. Some examples are given of the parts designed and manufactured with WebCAD.

Characteristics and Technologies of Advanced CNC Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Minhat ◽  
X.W. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
And Control

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) systems are the “backbones” of modern manufacturing industry for over the last 50 years and the machine tools have evolved from simple machines with controllers that had no memory and were driven by punched tape, to today’s highly sophisticated, multiprocess workstations. These CNC systems are still being worked and improved on. The key issues center on autonomous planning, decision making, process monitoring and control systems that can adjust automatically to the changeable requirements. Introduction of CNC systems has made it possible to produce goods with consistent qualities, apart from enabling the industry to enhance productivity with a high degree of flexibility in a manufacturing system. CNC systems sit at the end of the process starting from product design using Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools to the generation of machining instructions that instruct a CNC machine to produce the final product. This process chain also includes Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).

Integration of CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC

2009 ◽  
pp. 231-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
General Description ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Cnc Programming ◽  
Aided Design

Technologies concerning computer-aided design, process planning, manufacturing and numerical control, have matured to a point that commercialized software solutions and industrial systems can be acquired readily. These solutions or systems are, however, not necessarily connected in a seamless way, that is they are not fiintegrated. The term “islands of automation” has been used to describe these disconnected groups of systems with no obvious integration points other than the end user. As the engineering businesses are increasingly being run in a more globalized fashion, these islands of automation need to be connected to better suit and serve the collaborative and distributed environment. It is evident that the businesses are struggling with this integration strategy at a number of levels other than the underlying technology, including CAD, CAPP, CAM, and CNC for example. In some cases, where integration does not exist among these computer-aided solutions, promising product technologies may come to a sudden halt against these barriers. The previous chapters have focused on these individual computer-aided solutions, e.g. CAD, CAPP, CAM, CNC, and feature technologies. Some localized integration such as integrated feature technology has been studied. The following chapters, will in particular, look at the integration issues, technologies, and solutions. This chapter starts with a general description of traditional CAD, CAPP, CAM, and CNC integration models. This is followed by an industry case study showcasing how a proprietary CAD/CAM can be used to achieve centralized integration. To illustrate CAM/CNC integration, three different efforts are mentioned. They are APT, BCL (Binary Cutter Location, (EIA/ANSI, 1992)), BNCL (Base Numerical Control Language, (Fortin, Chatelain & Rivest, 2004)) and use of Haskell language for CNC programming (Arroyo, Ochoa, Silva & Vidal, 2004).

scholarly journals Maxillary Ridge Augmentation with Custom-Made CAD/CAM Scaffolds. A 1-Year Prospective Study on 10 Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
Aldo Macchi ◽  
Jamil Awad Shibli ◽  
Giuseppe Luongo ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

Several procedures have been proposed to achieve maxillary ridge augmentation. These require bone replacement materials to be manually cut, shaped, and formed at the time of implantation, resulting in an expensive and time-consuming process. In the present study, we describe a technique for the design and fabrication of custom-made scaffolds for maxillary ridge augmentation, using three-dimensional computerized tomography (3D CT) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). CT images of the atrophic maxillary ridge of 10 patients were acquired and modified into 3D reconstruction models. These models were transferred as stereolithographic files to a CAD program, where a virtual 3D reconstruction of the alveolar ridge was generated, producing anatomically shaped, custom-made scaffolds. CAM software generated a set of tool-paths for manufacture by a computer-numerical-control milling machine into the exact shape of the reconstruction, starting from porous hydroxyapatite blocks. The custom-made scaffolds were of satisfactory size, shape, and appearance; they matched the defect area, suited the surgeon's requirements, and were easily implanted during surgery. This helped reduce the time for surgery and contributed to the good healing of the defects.

An Automated System for Cam Design and Manufacture

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Jung Tsai ◽  
Jyh-Jone Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Five Axis

Abstract In this paper, we developed an automated system for the design and manufacture of three-dimensional cams. This system incorporates the computer-aided design, manufacturing and inspection three sequences into one automated process. First, a computer package employing the theory of gearing is developed for synthesizing and animating cam mechanisms. Then, a module for generating NC programs for a five-axis CNC machine to manufacture spatial cams is established. Finally, a computer-aided inspection system for measuring cam profile is introduced. This automated CAD/CAM/CAI system is illustrated with an example on the design of a roller gear cam.

AN ALGORITHM TO CONSTRUCT THE CAD MODEL OF A RESIDUAL LIMB

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAI-HSING HSU ◽  
FU-MEI HSU ◽  
YOU-LI CHOU ◽  
JU-YI HSU ◽  
HANG LEONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
B Spline ◽  
Spline Curve ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

A duplicated mold of the residual limb of an amputee is usually needed to make the socket of prosthesis for the patient. However, traditional means to duplicate a positive mold is time-consuming, patient suffering and intensive manual-efforts required. The study has developed a prototype system that allows a prosthetist to construct the computer-aided design(CAD) model of residual limb easily using it's digitized points based on the concept of reverse engineering. First of all, the topographic data of a residual limb is captured using a non-intrusive scanning machine. The scanned data is then used as the input of a self-developed system that is based on the theories of B-spline curve and lofted surface to process the digitized points. The CAD model can then be built and transferred to a computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) system to generate the code for a computer numerical control(CNC) machine to make the duplicated mold of the residual limb.

scholarly journals Custom-Made Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided-Manufacturing Biphasic Calcium-Phosphate Scaffold for Augmentation of an Atrophic Mandibular Anterior Ridge

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Guido Mangano ◽  
Piero Antonio Zecca ◽  
Ric van Noort ◽  
Samvel Apresyan ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Anterior Mandible

This report documents the clinical, radiographic, and histologic outcome of a custom-made computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufactured (CAD/CAM) scaffold used for the alveolar ridge augmentation of a severely atrophic anterior mandible. Computed tomographic (CT) images of an atrophic anterior mandible were acquired and modified into a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction model; this was transferred to a CAD program, where a custom-made scaffold was designed. CAM software generated a set of tool-paths for the manufacture of the scaffold on a computer-numerical-control milling machine into the exact shape of the 3D design. A custom-made scaffold was milled from a synthetic micromacroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) block. The scaffold closely matched the shape of the defect: this helped to reduce the time for the surgery and contributed to good healing. One year later, newly formed and well-integrated bone was clinically available, and two implants (AnyRidge, MegaGen, Gyeongbuk, South Korea) were placed. The histologic samples retrieved from the implant sites revealed compact mature bone undergoing remodelling, marrow spaces, and newly formed trabecular bone surrounded by residual BCP particles. This study demonstrates that custom-made scaffolds can be fabricated by combining CT scans and CAD/CAM techniques. Further studies on a larger sample of patients are needed to confirm these results.

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