scholarly journals Effect of Implant Surface Roughness and Macro- and Micro-Structural Composition on Wear and Metal Particles Released

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6800
Author(s):  
Andrea El Hassanin ◽  
Giuseppe Quaremba ◽  
Pasquale Sammartino ◽  
Daniela Adamo ◽  
Alessandra Miniello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Pair Comparisons ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Considerations about implant surface wear and metal particles released during implant placement have been reported. However, little is known about implant surface macro- and microstructural components, which can influence these events. The aim of this research was to investigate accurately the surface morphology and chemical composition of commercially available dental implants, by means of multivariate and multidimensional statistical analysis, in order to predict their effect on wear onset and particle release during implant placement. Methods: The implant surface characterization (roughness, texture) was carried out through Confocal Microscopy and SEM-EDS analysis; the quantitative surface quality variables (amplitude and hybrid roughness parameters) were statistically analyzed through post hoc Bonferroni’s test for pair comparisons. Results: The parameters used by discriminant analysis evidenced several differences in terms of implant surface roughness between the examined fixtures. In relation to the observed surface quality, some of the investigated implants showed the presence of residuals due to the industrial surface treatments. Conclusions: Many structural components of the dental implant surface can influence the wear onset and particles released during the implant placement.

scholarly journals Skewness and Kurtosis: Important Parameters in the Characterization of Dental Implant Surface Roughness—A Computer Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Niklas Hansson ◽  
Stig Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Interface Shear Strength ◽  
Interface Shear ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Skewness And Kurtosis

The surface roughness affects the bone response to dental implants. A primary aim of the roughness is to increase the bone-implant interface shear strength. Surface roughness is generally characterized by means of surface roughness parameters. It was demonstrated that the normally used parameters cannot discriminate between surfaces expected to give a high interface shear strength from surfaces expected to give a low interface shear strength. It was further demonstrated that the skewness parameter can do this discrimination. A problem with this parameter is that it is sensitive to isolated peaks and valleys. Another roughness parameter which on theoretical grounds can be supposed to give valuable information on the quality of a rough surface is kurtosis. This parameter is also sensitive to isolated peaks and valleys. An implant surface was assumed to have a fairly well-defined and homogenous “semiperiodic” surface roughness upon which isolated peaks were superimposed. In a computerized simulation, it was demonstrated that by using small sampling lengths during measurement, it should be possible to get accurate values of the skewness and kurtosis parameters.

scholarly journals Bioactive Coating on Titanium Dental Implants for Improved Anticorrosion Protection: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozefina Katić ◽  
Ankica Šarić ◽  
Ines Despotović ◽  
Nives Matijaković ◽  
Marin Petković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

In recent years, extensive studies have been continuously undertaken on the design of bioactive and biomimetic dental implant surfaces due to the need for improvement of the implant–bone interface properties. In this paper, the titanium dental implant surface was modified by bioactive vitamin D3 molecules by a self-assembly process in order to form an improved anticorrosion coating. Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA). The implant’s electrochemical stability during exposure to an artificial saliva solution was monitored in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results obtained were corroborated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT). The formation mechanism of the coating onto the titanium implant surface was proposed. During a prolonged immersion period, the bioactive coating effectively prevented a corrosive attack on the underlying titanium (polarization resistance in order of 107 Ω cm2) with ~95% protection effectiveness.

Arachidonic Acid and Prostaglandin E2 Influence Human Osteoblast (MG63) Response to Titanium Surface Roughness

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Dean ◽  
Casey M. Campbell ◽  
Scott F. Gruwell ◽  
John W. M. Tindall ◽  
Hui-Hsiu Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rough Surfaces ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Abstract Prior studies have shown that implant surface roughness affects osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, matrix synthesis, and local factor production. Further, cell response is modulated by systemic factors, such as 1,25(OH)2D3 and estrogen as well as mechanical forces. Based on the fact that peri-implant bone healing occurs in a site containing elevated amounts of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the hypothesis of the current study is that PGE2 and arachidonic acid (AA), the substrate used by cyclooxygenase to form PGE2, influence osteoblast response to implant surface roughness. To test this hypothesis, 4 different types of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) disks with surfaces of varying roughness (smooth Ti, Ra 0.30 μm; smooth and acid etched Ti [SAE Ti], Ra 0.40 μm; rough Ti, Ra 4.3 μm; rough and acid etched Ti [RAE Ti], Ra 4.15μm) were prepared. MG63 osteoblasts were seeded onto the surfaces, cultured to confluence, and then treated for the last 24 hours of culture with AA (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 nM), PGE2 (0, 1, 10, 25, and 100 nM), or the general cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (0 or 100 nM). At harvest, the effect of treatment on cell proliferation was assessed by measuring cell number and [3H]-thymidine incorporation, and the effect on cell differentiation was determined by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) specific activity. The effect of AA and PGE2 on cell number was somewhat variable but showed a general decrease on plastic and smooth surfaces and an increase on rough surfaces. In contrast, [3H]-thymidine incorporation was uniformly decreased with treatment on all surfaces. ALP demonstrated the most prominent effect of treatment. On smooth surfaces, AA and PGE2 dose-dependently increased ALP, while on rough surfaces, treatment dose-dependently decreased enzyme specific activity. Indomethacin treatment had either no effect or a slightly inhibitory effect on [3H]-thymidine incorporation on all surfaces. In contrast, indomethacin inhibited ALP on smooth surfaces and stimulated ALP on rough. Taken together, the results indicate that both AA and PGE2 influence osteoblast response by promoting osteoblast differentiation on smooth surfaces, while inhibiting it on rough surfaces. Because implants with rough surfaces are acknowledged to be superior to those with smooth surfaces, these results suggest that use of nonsterioidal anti-inflammatory drugs to block PGE2 production and reduce inflammation may be beneficial in the postoperative period after implant placement. They also indicate that manipulation of the AA metabolic pathway may offer a new therapeutic approach for modulating bone healing after implant placement. Because peri-implant healing takes place in a complex cellular environment quite different from the one used in the present study, additional work will be necessary to substantiate these possibilities.

scholarly journals Simplified micrometric surface characterization of different implant surfaces available on the Brazilian market

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos do Carmo Filho ◽  
Ana Paula Pinto Martins ◽  
Amália Machado Bielemann ◽  
Anna Paula da Rosa Possebon ◽  
Fernanda Faot
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Surface Contaminants ◽  
Cervical Portion

Aim: This study characterized the implant surfaces available on the Brazilian market in terms of topography, chemical composition, and roughness. Methods: The following brands were selected according to their surfaces: Kopp (Ko), Signo Vinces (Sv), Neodent (Ne), Osseotite (Os) NanoTite (Nt), SIN (Si), Titanium Fix (Tf), conventional Straumann (Str), Active SLA (SLA). The morphological analysis and the alloy impurities and implant surface contaminants were analyzed by SEM-EDS. Surface roughness parameters and 3-D reconstructions were obtained by laser microscopy (20x). Two distinct areas were evaluated: i) the cervical portion (no surface treatment), and ii) the middle third (treated surface). Results: The characterization of the implant surfaces by SEM showed morphological differences between the thread geometries and surface morphology at 800x and 2000x magnification. The EDS elemental analysis showed a predominance of titanium (Ti) for all implants. The SLA surface showed only peaks of Ti while other implants brands showed traces of impurities and contaminants including Al, C, PR, F, Mg, Na, Ni, O, P, and SR. The implant surface roughness in the cervical portion did not exceed Ra 0.5–1.0 μm, constituting a minimally rough surface and obtaining acceptable standards for this region. Only Nt, Str, and SLA presented Ra above 2 μm in the middle third area showing a rough surface favorable for osseointegration. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no established standard for morphology, chemical composition and implant surface roughness that allows a safe comparison between the available dental implant surfaces. National implant brands generally contain more impurities and surface contaminants than their international counterparts and were consequently more sensitive to the surface treatment techniques.

Effect of dental implant surface roughness for evaluation of gingival adhesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020.28 (0) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Shuji KAMEDA ◽  
Kentaro TOMITA ◽  
Kazuaki NAGAYAMA ◽  
Kazuhide OZEKI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

scholarly journals The Effect of Undersized Drilling on the Coronal Surface Roughness of Microthreaded Implants: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Cohen ◽  
Ofer Moses ◽  
Talia Gurevich ◽  
Roni Kolerman ◽  
Alina Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Constant Rate

This in-vitro study assessed the effect of an underdrilling implant placement protocol on the insertion torque, implant surface temperature and surface roughness (Sa) topography of the cervical microthreads of implants. Three groups of 25 implants (3.75 mm × 10 mm) were placed in osteotomies prepared in an artificial bone disc with final diameters of 3.65 mm according to the manufacturer’s instructions and in osteotomies prepared in accordance with an underdrilling protocol with final drill diameters of 3.2 and 2.8 mm (groups D3.65, D3.2, D2.8, respectively). Implants were inserted at a constant rate of 30 rpm. The surface temperature of the implants was measured with a thermal camera and temperature amplitude (Temp-Amp) was calculated by subtracting the room temperature from the measured implant surface temperature. Upon implant retrieval, coronal surface topography was assessed using a Nanofocus µsurf explorer and compared to a set of 25 new implants (control group). The differences between groups were compared using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Significantly higher insertion torque, surface temperature values and significantly smaller average Sa values were measured in the implants inserted in undersized preparations. The highest temperature, insertion torque and Temp-Amp values and the largest decrease in Sa were measured in the D2.8 group. The lowest values were measured in the D3.65 group.

scholarly journals Surface Modifications and Their Effects on Titanium Dental Implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jemat ◽  
M. J. Ghazali ◽  
M. Razali ◽  
Y. Otsuka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Coating Application ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Good Surface Roughness

This review covers several basic methodologies of surface treatment and their effects on titanium (Ti) implants. The importance of each treatment and its effects will be discussed in detail in order to compare their effectiveness in promoting osseointegration. Published literature for the last 18 years was selected with the use of keywords like titanium dental implant, surface roughness, coating, and osseointegration. Significant surface roughness played an important role in providing effective surface for bone implant contact, cell proliferation, and removal torque, despite having good mechanical properties. Overall, published studies indicated that an acid etched surface-modified and a coating application on commercial pure titanium implant was most preferable in producing the good surface roughness. Thus, a combination of a good surface roughness and mechanical properties of titanium could lead to successful dental implants.

scholarly journals Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning Method for Dental Implant Surface by Agar Particle Blasting

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6805
Author(s):  
Hideaki Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Ishihata ◽  
Yutaka Kameyama ◽  
Ryokichi Shimpo ◽  
Satoshi Komasa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Particle Collision ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Cleaning Method ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Finished Surface ◽  
Oral Biofilms

Oral dysfunction due to peri-implantitis and shortened life of implants has become a major concern. Self-care and removal of oral biofilms by professional mechanical tooth cleaning (PMTC) are indispensable for its prevention. However, if the surface roughness of the implant is increased, it may result in the adhesion of biofilm in the oral cavity. Therefore, the PMTC method can serve for long-term implant management. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) has been used as a cleaning method for implant surfaces; however, there is concern that the implant surface roughness could increase due to particle collision. Therefore, in this study, to establish a blasting cleaning method that does not adversely affect the implant surface, a new blasting cleaning method using agar particles was devised and its practical application examined. When the simulated stains were blasted with white alumina (WA) abrasive grains and CaCO3 particles, the simulated stains were almost removed, the surface roughness changed to a satin-finished surface—which was thought to be due to fine scratches—and the surface roughness increased. Most of the simulated stains were removed on the surface of the sample blasted with glycine particles and agar particles. Conversely, the gloss of the sample surface was maintained after cleaning, and the increase in surface roughness was slight.

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