scholarly journals Enhancement of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Aluminum-Based Alloys Fabricated by SPS and Alloyed with Mo and Cr

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Grigoriev ◽  
Alexander Mironov ◽  
Ekaterina Kuznetsova ◽  
Yuri Pristinskiy ◽  
Pavel Podrabinnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Secondary Structures ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Sintered Alloys ◽  
Friction Surfaces ◽  
First Time

Multicomponent aluminum-based alloys doped with chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo), fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS), derived from a powder mixture prepared by mechanical alloying, were studied in this work. The morphology of the pristine and worn surfaces was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system. The obtained alloys exhibited higher hardness (73 and 72) for the Al–Mo and Al–Cr alloys, respectively, compared to reference bronze. Besides improved hardness, SPS-sintered alloys also showed a lower value of the weight and linear wear and the highest score-resistance compared to bronze. The enhanced tribological behavior is related to the formation of secondary structures on the friction surfaces of rubbing pairs, which in turn reduce wear. For the first time, the present research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the addition of Mo and Cr for the fabrication of sintered multicomponent Al-based alloys with a tailored microstructure that induces the formation of secondary structures on the tribosurfaces due to the self-organization processes during friction.

scholarly journals Effect of Milling Conditions on the Microstructural Design in Aluminum Based Alloy Fabricated by SPS

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Anton Smirnov ◽  
Ekaterina Kuznetsova ◽  
Yuri Pristinskiy ◽  
Pavel Podrabinnik ◽  
Alexander Mironov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milling Time ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Microstructural Design ◽  
First Time

In this work, aluminum-based alloys were mechanically alloyed by various doping elements followed by spark plasma sintering. Three different mixing methods were studied. First, all elemental powders were mixed for 24 h. In the second and the third method, powders were divided into three groups, and each group was milled separately for different times. Then the obtained mixtures were grouped together and again milled for 12 and 24 h, for the M2 and M3 mixtures, respectively. The influence of milling parameters on the microstructural features of sintered samples was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system. The correlation observed between the milling time and microstructural evolution of the powder particles during the milling process was to determine the optimal process parameters. For the first time, the present research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the milling process for the preparation of tailored mixtures of metallic powders, enabling microstructural characteristics that could be favorable for the formation of secondary structures on the tribosurfaces.

Development of WC-Fe3Al Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio C. Ybarra ◽  
Afonso Chimanski ◽  
Sergio Gama ◽  
Ricardo A.G. da Silva ◽  
Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Zinc Stearate ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vibration Mill

Tungsten carbide (WC) based composites are usually produced with cobalt, but this binder has the inconvenience of shortage, unstable price and potential carcinogenicity. The objective of this study was to develop WC composite with intermetallic Fe3Al matrix. Powders of WC, iron and aluminum, with composition WC-10 wt% Fe3Al, and 0.5 wt% zinc stearate were milled in a vibration mill for 6 h and sintered in a SPS (spark plasma sintering) furnace at 1150 °C for 8 min under pressure of 30 MPa. Measured density and microstructure analysis showed that the composite had significant densification during the (low-temperature, short time) sintering, and X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of intermetallic Fe3Al. Analysis by Vickers indentation resulted in hardness of 11.2 GPa and fracture toughness of 24.6 MPa.m1/2, showing the feasibility of producing dense WC-Fe3Al composite with high mechanical properties using the SPS technique.

scholarly journals Structure and Deformation Behavior of Ti-SiC Composites Made by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Garbiec ◽  
Volf Leshchynsky ◽  
Alberto Colella ◽  
Paolo Matteazzi ◽  
Piotr Siwak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Indentation Size Effect ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Indentation Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Energy Ball

Combining high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering is one of the most promising technologies in materials science. The mechanical alloying process enables the production of nanostructured composite powders that can be successfully spark plasma sintered in a very short time, while preserving the nanostructure and enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite. Composites with MAX phases are among the most promising materials. In this study, Ti/SiC composite powder was produced by high energy ball milling and then consolidated by spark plasma sintering. During both processes, Ti3SiC2, TiC and Ti5Si3 phases were formed. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction study showed that the phase composition of the spark plasma sintered composites consists mainly of Ti3SiC2 and a mixture of TiC and Ti5Si3 phases which have a different indentation size effect. The influence of the sintering temperature on the Ti-SiC composite structure and properties is defined. The effect of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase grain growth was found at a sintering temperature of 1400–1450 °C. The indentation size effect at the nanoscale for Ti3SiC2, TiC+Ti5Si3 and SiC-Ti phases is analyzed on the basis of the strain gradient plasticity theory and the equation constants were defined.

Spark Plasma Sintering of Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Fe-2Mo (SP-700)

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 819-822
Author(s):  
Genki Kikuchi ◽  
Hiroshi Izui ◽  
Yuya Takahashi ◽  
Shota Fujino
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Titanium Boride ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Tib2 Particles

In this study, we focused on the sintering performance of Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe (SP-700) and mechanical properties of SP-700 reinforced with titanium boride (TiB/SP-700) fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). TiB whiskers formed in titanium by a solid-state reaction of titanium and TiB2 particles were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The TiB/SP-700 was sintered at temperatures of 1073, 1173, and 1273 K and a pressure of 70 MPa for 10, 30, and 50 min. The volume fraction of TiB ranged from 1.7 vol.% to 19.9 vol.%. Tensile tests of TiB/SP-700 were conducted at room temperature, and the effect of TiB volume fraction on the tensile properties was investigated.

Spark Plasma Sintering of Paper-Derived Ti3AlC2-Based Composites: Influence of Sintering Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1790-1796
Author(s):  
Maxim Syrtanov ◽  
Egor Kashkarov ◽  
Tatyana Murashkina ◽  
Nahum Travitzky
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Total Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper describes the influence of sintering temperature on phase composition and microstructure of paper-derived Ti3AlC2 composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The composites were sintered at 100 MPa pressure in the temperature range of 1150-1350 °C. Phase composition and microstructure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The multiphase structure was observed in the sintered composites consisting of Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, TiC and Al2O3 phases. The decomposition of the Ti3AlC2 phase into Ti2AlC and TiC carbide phases was observed with temperature rise. The total content of Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC phases was reduced from 84.5 vol.% (1150 °C) to 69.5 vol.% (1350 °C). The density of composites affected by both the content of TiC phase and changes in porosity.

Spark Plasma Sintering and tribological behavior of Ti3SiC2–Ti5Si3–TiC composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (17) ◽  
pp. 21781-21792 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Benamor ◽  
Y. Hadji ◽  
N. Chiker ◽  
A. Haddad ◽  
B. Guedouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti-43Al-5V-4Nb-Y Alloy Consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering

2016 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Yong Jun Su ◽  
Yi Feng Zheng ◽  
De Liang Zhang ◽  
Fan Tao Kong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Tial Alloy ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Fully Lamellar

TiAl alloy with a composition of Ti-43Al-5V-4Nb-Y (at.%) was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The TiAl powders were sintered between 650°C and 1300°C for 5 min under different loads. With the increasing of the temperature, the diffusion of the elements can be observed. Full compaction is achieved in a short period of time and the overall processing duration does not exceed 30 min. A fully lamellar structure was seen in the TiAl alloy after heat treatment. The microstructures of the samples were determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Their mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests performed at room temperature

Solid-State Synthesis of Magnesium Silicide via Repeated Plastic Working and Spark Plasma Sintering

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 2895-2898
Author(s):  
Hideki Oginuma ◽  
Katsuyoshi Kondoh ◽  
Takashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Eiji Yuasa
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Magnesium Silicide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Plastic Working ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Elemental Powder Mixture ◽  
Spark Plasma

In this study, the solid-state reaction to form Mg2Si bulky materials via spark plasma sintering (SPS) process was discussed. Elemental powder mixture of Mg-33.33mol%Si was refined and consolidated as green compacts by repeated plastic working (RPW) SPS was performed to synthesize and sinter magnesium silicide at 1100K from the RPWed compact. The only peaks of Mg2Si, not Mg and Si, were detected by X-ray diffraction analysis. Mg2Si bulky intermetallic began to shrink above 800K during SPS process, and its densification significantly occurred. The density of SPSed Mg2Si bulk material is about 100% of the theoretically relative one.

Effect of the Dwell Temperature on Spark Plasma Sintered CaCu3Ti4O12

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 982-987
Author(s):  
E. de Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Bertolete ◽  
Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽  
E.N.S. Muccillo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics were prepared by solid state reactions by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. In this study, the effects of the dwell temperature on structural, microstructural and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics have been investigated. Powder mixtures were calcined at 900°C for 18 h before SPS consolidation. The dwell temperatures were 850, 900, 915 and 930°C. Sintered pellets were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns show evidences of a single-phase perovskite-type structure. The calculated lattice parameter is 7.40 Å. The hydrostatic density increases slightly with increasing dwell temperature. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed a heterogeneous microstructure for all samples. The dielectric loss remains constant over a wide temperature range. The obtained permittivity is approximately 103 at 1 kHz. The increase of the dwell temperature is found to produce a brittle ceramic.

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