scholarly journals Association between Levocarnitine Treatment and the Change in Knee Extensor Strength in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the Osaka Dialysis Complication Study (ODCS)

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Shota Matsufuji ◽  
Tetsuo Shoji ◽  
Suhye Lee ◽  
Masao Yamaguchi ◽  
Mari Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Carnitine Deficiency ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Hoc

Carnitine deficiency is prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis, and it could result in lowered muscle strength. So far, the effect of treatment with levocarnitine on lower limb muscle strength has not been well described. This observational study examined the association between treatment with levocarnitine with the change in knee extensor strength (KES) in hemodialysis patients. Eligible patients were selected from the participants enrolled in a prospective cohort study for whom muscle strength was measured annually. We identified 104 eligible patients for this analysis. During the one-year period between 2014 to 2015, 67 patients were treated with intravenous levocarnitine (1000 mg per shot, thrice weekly), whereas 37 patients were not. The change in KES was significantly higher (p = 0.01) in the carnitine group [0.02 (0.01–0.04) kgf/kg] as compared to the non-carnitine group [−0.02 (−0.04 to 0.01) kgf/kg]. Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis showed the positive association between the change in KES and the treatment with levocarnitine remained significant after adjustment for the baseline KES and other potential confounders. Thus, treatment with intravenous levocarnitine was independently and positively associated with the change in KES among hemodialysis patients. Further clinical trials are needed to provide more solid evidence.

scholarly journals Work Ability and Employment in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Role of Muscle Strength and Lower Extremity Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Berner ◽  
Sandra Haider ◽  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Thomas Lamprecht ◽  
Karl Heinrich Fenzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength

Objective. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between muscle strength, lower extremity function, employment status, and work ability in RA patients. Methods. One hundred seropositive RA outpatients of working age were included in this cross-sectional study. Employment status was assessed by interview and work ability by the Work Ability Index-Single Item Scale (WAS). Muscle strength was determined using dynamometer measurement of isometric hand grip and knee extensor strength. Lower extremity function was measured using the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Regression models estimate the association between unemployment, work ability and muscle strength, and lower extremity function, controlling for sociodemographic and disease-related factors. Results. Forty-one percent of the RA patients were not gainfully employed, and their median work ability had a good WAS value (7.00 [4.00-7.00]). Patients with better knee extensor strength (OR=1.07, 95% CI [1.02-1.12) and better physical performance (OR=1.71, 95% CI [1.18-2.49]) had a significantly better chance of gainful employment. The odds for hand grip strength remained significant when adjusted for sociodemographic (OR=1.5, 95% CI [1.00-1.09]), but not for disease-specific variables. Better hand grip strength (β=0.25, p=0.039) and better knee extensor strength (β=0.45, p=0.001) as well as better lower extremity function (SPPB) (β=0.51, p<0.001) remained significantly associated with work ability following adjustment for sociodemographic and disease-specific variables. Conclusions. The association of employment status and work ability with parameters of physical fitness suggests that improvement in muscle strength and lower extremity function may positively influence work ability and employment in individuals with RA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antiviral Therapy Performed after Curative Therapy in Patients with HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Updated Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yuan ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Yeben Qian
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Background.The long-term prognosis after curative therapy for hepatitis B virus- (HBV-) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory due to the high incidence of recurrence. The effect of treatment with nucleotide analogues (NAs) in patients with HBV-related HCC after curative therapy remains unclear.Objective.To assess the impact of using NAs after curative therapy.Method.A computerized literature search was performed; eligible studies were identified from databases. The pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were calculated using Review Manager 5.3.Result.The meta-analysis included a total of 15 studies with 8060 patients. The one-year and three-year recurrence (one-year recurrence: RR 0.41 [95% CI 0.28 to 0.61];P<0.00001; three-year recurrence: RR 0.63 [95% CI 0.43 to 0.94];P=0.001) and the one-, three-, and five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly better in the treatment group.Conclusion.NAs can reduce the recurrence and improve the prognosis of HBV-related HCC after curative therapy.

scholarly journals The effect of the queen's age on the Varroa mite (Varroa destructor) burden of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Marianna Takács ◽  
János Oláh
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Brood Chamber ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Mite Mortality

An apiary trial was conducted in 2016 August to October in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Nyírmada to evaluate the influence of queen’s age on the Varroa destructor-burden in the treatment colonies. Sixty colonies of bees belonging to the subspecies Apis mellifera carnica pannonica in Hunor loading hives (with 10 frames in the brood chamber/deep super) were used. The colonies were treated with amitraz and the organophosphate pesticide coumaphos active ingredients. The amitraz treatment includes 6 weeks. The coumaphos treatment with Destructor 3.2% can be used for both diagnosis and treatment of Varroasis. For diagnosis, one treatment is sufficient. For control, two treatments at an interval of seven days are required. The colonies were grouped by the age of the queen: 20 colonies with one-year-old, 20 colonies with two-year-old and 20 colonies with three-year-old queen. The mite mortality of different groups was compared. The number of fallen mites was counted at the white bottom boards. The examination of spring growth of honey bee colonies has become necessary due to the judgement of efficiency of closing treatment. The data was recorded seven times between 16th March 2017 and 19th May 2017. Data on fallen mites were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post-Hoc Tukey-test. Statistical analysis was performed using the software of IBM SPSS (version 21.). During the first two weeks after treatments, the number of fallen mites was significantly higher in the older queen’s colonies (Year 2014). The total mite mortality after amitraz treatment in the younger queen’s colonies was lower (P<0.05) compared to the three-year-old queen’s colonies. According to Takács and Oláh (2016) although the mitemortality tendency, after the coumaphos (closing) treatment in colonies which have Year 2014 queen showed the highest rate, considering the mite-burden the colonies belongs to the average infected category. The colonial maintenance ability of three-year-old queen cannot be judged based on the influencing effect on the mite-burden. The importance of the replacement of the queen was judged by the combined effect of several factors. During the spring-growth study (16th March–19th May) was experienced in the three-year-old queen’s colonies the number of brood frames significantly lower compared to the one- and two-year-old queen’s colonies. In the study of 17th April and 19th May each of the three queen-year-groups were varied. Therefore in the beekeeping season at different times were determined the colonial maintenance ability of queens by more factors: efficiency of closing treatment in early spring, the spring-growth of bee colonies, the time of population shift (in current study, this time was identical in each queen-year), honey production (from black locust).

Muscle-Strength and Gait-Speed Changes after Bicycle Exercise in Participants with Unilateral CVA

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Perell ◽  
Robert J. Gregor ◽  
A.M. Erika Scremin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Eccentric Contraction ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Walking Tests ◽  
Knee Muscle

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bicycle exercise on knee-muscle strength and gait speed in 8 male participants with cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Isokinetic knee-extensor and -flexor strength were measured in both concentric- and eccentric-contraction modes. Fifty-foot walking tests were used for gait speed. After only 4 weeks of stationary recumbent cycling (12 sessions), participants improved eccentric muscle strength of the knee extensors, bilaterally. Walking-speed improvements approached but did not achieve significance with training. Improvement in concentric muscle strength of the knee extensors was observed in the involved limb, although most participants demonstrated a nonsignificant increase in muscle strength in the contralateral limb, as well. No improvements were demonstrated in the knee-flexor muscles. Thus, bicycle exercise serves to improve knee-extensor strength. In addition, these strength improvements might have implications for better control of walking in terms of bilateral improvement of eccentric muscle strength.

scholarly journals A Predictive Model for Hip Abductor Strength and Knee Extensor Strength 12 Months After Total Hip Arthroplasty With an Interaction Term

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Sekita ◽  
Naonobu Takahira ◽  
Genki Iwamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Watanabe ◽  
Atsushi Kusaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Interaction Term

Abstract Background: Identifying populations with poor muscle recovery after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is important for postoperative physical therapy. Preoperative muscle strength is a strong factor that determines postoperative muscle strength. However, this effect may depend on other factors. Thus, predictive models with interaction terms are important for accurately predicting postoperative muscle strength. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for lower muscle strength 12 months after THA which incorporates interaction terms.Methods­: Subjects were female patients with hip osteoarthritis who underwent unilateral THA. Patients with locomotor disorders, neurological disorders, or postoperative complications were excluded. Hip abductor and knee extensor strength were measured, and a generalized linear model approach with preoperative muscle strength, age, body weight, height, disease duration, physical activity, and leg extension as explanatory variables was used to identify factors that determine muscle strength 12 months after THA. Models with interaction terms between preoperative muscle strength and other explanatory variables were also examined. Results: A total of 82 patients were analyzed. Preoperative muscle strength, age, body weight, physical activity, and disease duration were extracted as factors that significantly and independently determine hip abductor and knee extensor strength. The interaction term between preoperative muscle strength and age was identified as a factor that significantly determines knee extensor strength. Regression coefficients for preoperative knee extensor strength and postoperative muscle strength were significant when age was +1 SD, but not when age was -1 SD.Conclusions: The predictive model demonstrated that lower muscle strength 12 months after THA is determined by preoperative muscle strength, age, weight, physical activity, disease duration, and preoperative muscle strength, with the effect of preoperative muscle strength on knee extensor strength being dependent on age. When predicting postoperative knee extensor strength using preoperative muscle strength, it is important to consider the effect of age.

Decreases in the number of repetitions between sets is indicative of concentric failure in strength training with trained men

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Rafael Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Lorena Curado Lopes ◽  
Weder Alves da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Henrique Silva ◽  
Vitor Alves Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
The One ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The practice of strength training (ST) promotes several benefits such as increased strength, endurance, muscle strength, hypertrophy, as well as changes in body composition. Concentric failure (CF)Several studies show that exercise until CF may be more efficient in promoting positive adaptations about hypertrophy and muscle strength, however, it is still unclear at which time of the exercise CF is achieved. The number of repetitions (NR) performed in each set may be influenced by fatigue caused by CF training. The objective was to analyze the response of the NR between sets as indicative of CF within a session of ST. The study included fourteen trained men (25.0 ± 3.5 years old) (5 ± 4 years) who performed three sets with 75% of 1(repetition maximum) (RM) until CF with fixed rest interval between sets. Statistical analysis: Data normality was tested according to the Shapiro-Wilk test. Subsequently the one-way ANOVA of repeated measures was used to compare the variance of the means between the moments and, when necessary, the post hoc test was used for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction. Percentage variations of decreasing NR between sets were found, being from the 1st vs. 2nd set (45,3 ± 14,6 %;), 2nd vs. 3rd set (41,4 ± 19,5%), and 1st vs. 3rd set (67,8 ± 15,1%). The NR can be used to identify if the exercise is being performed up to the CF, considering that the NR between sets decreases substantially due to acute metabolic changes.

scholarly journals A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanneke Hartog ◽  
Sandra Dijkstra ◽  
Joke Fleer ◽  
Pim van der Harst ◽  
Massimo A. Mariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Detectable Change ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Although knee extensors are essential in daily activities (e.g. walking, climbing stairs), knee extensor strength is often not measured in clinical settings. Existing devices to test muscle strength are not always suitable to accurately measure the high forces of this muscle group. Therefore, a device to test muscle strength that is convenient, feasible, reliable, and valid in clinical settings is required. This study evaluated the reliability, responsiveness, and level of discomfort of the newly developed Q-Force ӀӀ (i.e. a portable device to measure isometric knee extensor strength) in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods Participants (n = 22) conducted two standardized test sessions on the Q-Force ӀӀ (five to ten days apart). Each session consisted of one familiarisation trial followed by three trials of peak isometric knee extension per each leg. Per trial, peak and mean knee extension force (N) and torque (Nm) were measured at 90° flexion. The level of discomfort was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS: 0-100). Intra Class Correlation (ICC, model: two-way mixed with absolute agreement), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were determined. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine between-test variation. Results Excellent test-retest (ICC > 0.95) and inter-trial (ICC > 0.91) reliability for both legs were shown. No significant differences were found in peak and mean knee forces and torques between test and retest of both legs, indicating good test-retest reliability (P-value range: 0.360-0.538; F(1,21) range: 0.4-0.9). The SEM of the peak and mean forces and torques ranged from 28.0 to 30.4 N (6.0-6.8%) and from 9.2 to 10.4 Nm (6.4-7.7%), respectively. The MDC for these outcomes ranged respectively from 77.6 to 84.1 N (16.5-18.8%) and from 25.5 to 28.9 Nm (17.6-21.4%). The level of discomfort was low (median range: 7-10, IQR: 4-18). Conclusion The portable Q-Force ӀӀ is a comfortable, responsive, and relatively cheap device with excellent test-retest reliability. This device would be potentially suitable to measure isometric knee extensor strength in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Low-Intensity Resistance Training with Moderate Blood Flow Restriction Appears Safe and Increases Skeletal Muscle Strength and Size in Cardiovascular Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Hironaga Ogawa ◽  
Toshiaki Nakajima ◽  
Ikuko Shibasaki ◽  
Takahisa Nasuno ◽  
Hiroyuki Kaneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Strength

We examined the safety and the effects of low-intensity resistance training (RT) with moderate blood flow restriction (KAATSU RT) on muscle strength and size in patients early after cardiac surgery. Cardiac patients (age 69.6 ± 12.6 years, n = 21, M = 18) were randomly assigned to the control (n = 10) and the KAATSU RT group (n = 11). All patients had received a standard aerobic cardiac rehabilitation program. The KAATSU RT group additionally executed low-intensity leg extension and leg press exercises with moderate blood flow restriction twice a week for 3 months. RT-intensity and volume were increased gradually. We evaluated the anterior mid-thigh thickness (MTH), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, knee extensor strength, and walking speed at baseline, 5–7 days after cardiac surgery, and after 3 months. A physician monitored the electrocardiogram, rate of perceived exertion, and the color of the lower limbs during KAATSU RT. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and D-dimer were measured at baseline and after 3 months. There were no side effects during KAATSU RT. CPK and D-dimer were normal after 3 months. MTH, SMI, walking speed, and knee extensor strength increased after 3 months with KAATSU RT compared with baseline. Relatively low vs. high physical functioning patients tended to increase physical function more after 3 months with KAATSU RT. Low-intensity KAATSU RT as an adjuvant to standard cardiac rehabilitation can safely increase skeletal muscle strength and size in cardiovascular surgery patients.

Transplantation in Patients Undergoing CAPD

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Tsakiris ◽  
Stephen P. Bramwell ◽  
J. Douglas Briggs ◽  
Brian J.R. Junor
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Renal Allografts ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Time Of Operation

Between May 1980 and December 1983, 39 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) received renal allografts, which represents 18% of the 212 transplants done during this period. The remaining 173 allografts were transplanted into 162 patients who to the time of operation had been maintained on hemodialysis. For the CAPD and hemodialysis patients respectively, the one-year graft survival for first cadaveric transplants was 61% and 59%, while, for the two groups, the one-year patient survival was identical-95%. In five of the 14 patients (36%) in whom CAPD was used immediately after the transplant peritonitis developed, but in none of the 25 patients who did not have CAPD at this time. The Tenckhoff catheters were left in situ for a mean period of 12.7 weeks after the transplant without leading directly to any complications. However, at catheter removal, organisms grew on cultures from 11 of 25 catheter tips (44%). In conclusion, graft and patient survival is as high in CAPD patients as in those maintained by hemodialysis. In patients in whom the transplant does not function immediately we now use hemodialysis because CAPD at this time is associated with peritonitis and wound infection in some of the patients. Only a few centres have described their experience with renal transplantation in CAPD patients and most have not considered CAPD to be a contraindica tion to transplantation (1–5). However, based on one case report Cramer et al (6) suggested that CAPD provides a suboptimal preparation for transplantation, and Gelfand et al (7) reported that compared with hemodialysis, patients on CAPD had inferior transplant results. The small numbers of patients and varying selection criteria in most of these studies may explain the differences of opinion. This paper describes our experience with 39 CAPD patients who received renal allografts between May 1980 and Dec. 1983.

MO078HEMODIAFILTRATION MAINTAINS A SUSTAINED IMPROVEMENT IN BP COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL HEMODIALYSIS IN CHILDREN - THE HDF, HEART AND HEIGHT (3H) STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca De Zan ◽  
Aysun Karabay Bayazit ◽  
Karolis Azukaitis ◽  
Nur Canpolat ◽  
Sevcan Bakkaloglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Dialysate Sodium ◽  
Conventional Hemodialysis

Abstract Background and Aims Hypertension is prevalent in children on dialysis and associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiovascular disease and mortality. We studied the effect of different dialysis modalities (conventional hemodialysis [HD] vs hemodiafiltration [HDF]) on BP and risk factors affecting the evolution of BP over a one-year follow-up. Method This is a post-hoc analysis of the “3H - HDF-Hearts-Height” dataset, a multicenter, non-randomized, parallel-arm intervention study. The time–averaged 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) was used for the analyses and hypertension defined as 24-h MAP standard deviation score exceeding the 95th percentile. Results All 133 children who completed 12 months follow-up in the 3H study were included in this post - hoc analysis. 78 (74%) were on HD and 55 (77%) on HDF. At baseline MAP-SDS was &gt; 95th percentile in 64 (82%) of children on HD and 23 (41.8%) patients on HDF, but these data are skewed by a high percentage of prevalent dialysis patients in the study. 43 (55%) of HD patients and 23 (42%) of HDF patients were on antihypertensive medications, and uncontrolled hypertension (BP&gt;95th centile on medications) was present in 38 (88%) of HD patients and 6 (25%) of HDF patients. In the stepwise logistic regression at baseline, independent risk factors for hypertension were gender (OR 2.29; 95%CI 1.06–4.96; p=0.04) and inter-dialytic weight gain at baseline (OR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1–1.55; p=0.004). Over the one-year study period, MAP-SDS increased by 39% in HD patients and 12% in HDF patients (p&lt; 0.001) (Figure). Significant risk factors for hypertension over time were dialysis modality (OR for HD compared to HDF 7.65; 95% CI 3.23 – 18.12; p&lt; 0.001), inter-dialytic weight gain (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.05 – 1.39; p=0.007), and dialysate sodium (for 1 mmol/L increase in dialysate sodium MAP-SDS increased by 1.1mmHg ; 95% CI 1.01 – 1.21; p=0.04). Conclusion Children on HD compared to HDF had a 7.6-fold higher 24-hr MAP-SDS and a sustained increase in BP over the one-year study period. Higher inter-dialytic weight gain and higher dialysate sodium levels were associated with a higher MAP-SDS in both groups.

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