scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzymatic Activities and Growth Response of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) to Exogenous Selenium Application

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Ahlam Khalofah ◽  
Hussein Migdadi ◽  
Ehab El-Harty
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
High Concentrations

Selenium is a trace element essential to many organisms, including higher plants. At low concentrations, it enhances growth and development; however, it is toxic at high concentrations. The development of crops with proper levels of selenium will be worth for both nutrition and Se-based therapeutics. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of the quinoa plant to 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L of Na2SeO3·5H2O. Selenium at low concentrations (2.5 and 5 mg/L), quinoa plant showed a significant increase of growth parameters, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, proline, total soluble sugars, and antioxidant enzymes activities as (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR)), and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 were reduced. However, high concentrations (10 and 20) mg/L caused a decrease in plant growth parameters, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments. In contrast, excess selenium increased the oxidative stress monitored by hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. The enzymatic antioxidant system responded to the selenium supply significantly increased. Osmolytes compounds, such as total sugars and proline, increased in selenium-treated plants. The increase in these osmolytes compounds may show a defense mechanism for the osmotic readjustment of quinoa plants to mitigate the toxicity caused by selenium. This study shows the morphological and physiological responses that must be considered for success in the sustainable cultivation of quinoa plants in environments containing excess selenium.

Influence of humates to mitigate NaCl-induced adverse effects on Ocimum basilicum L.: relative water content and photosynthetic pigments

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Reyes-Pérez ◽  
Bernardo Murillo-Amador ◽  
Alejandra Nieto-Garibay ◽  
Luis G. Hernández-Montiel ◽  
Francisco H. Ruiz-Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Relative Water

scholarly journals Study of Some Mechanisms of Tolerance and Avoidance of Water Deficit in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1512
Author(s):  
Mimouna Zerrouki ◽  
Zineb Regagba ◽  
Ahmed Adda
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Some mechanisms of drought tolerance and avoidance have been studied in eight barley genotypes. These include three local cultivars (Ttichedrett, Beldi, Saida) and five introduced (Malouh, Seg09, Mari29, Awblack, Beecher) which were grown under three different water supply (100% FC, 60% FC, 30% FC). The increase in intensity of the water deficit reduces differently the relative water content among tested genotypes. Thus, in the treatment of 60% FC, this reduction varies between 1% (Beldi) and 6% (Tichedrett, Beecher), while in the lot of 30% FC it reaches the limits of 3% (Beldi) and 18% (Seg09). The results show that plants grown under water deficit (60% CC, 30% FC) accumulate significantly soluble sugars (r = 0.54**) and K+ (r = 0.26**) compared to control plants (100% CC). Thus, under 30% FC, the accumulation of soluble sugars reached values of 195% and 208% observed at Mari29 and Awblack. The accentuation of the water deficit causes a significant reduction of the RWL particularly after 120 mn (r = -0.27**) which is accompanied by an increase of the stomatic resistance (r = 0.53**). To limit dehydration under the water deficit, tested genotypes were distinguished into three groups by adopting avoidance, tolerance or by combining the two strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of plant density on yield and physiological characteristics of six canola cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Anaz Nasiri ◽  
Morteza Samdaliri ◽  
Amirhossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Nasser Shahsavari ◽  
Amirabbas Mosavi Kale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Plant Densities

An experiment was performed in the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran to study the influence of plant densities on physiological traits of six canola cultivars. Treatment conditions included three different plant densities (40, 60, and 80 plants m-2) for triplicates of six canola cultivars, namely, Ahamadi, Opera, Okapi, L72, Karaj1, and Sw102. Results indicated that L72 cultivar exhibited the highest yield at the lowest plant density (40 plants m-2). For all cultivars, both plant densities of 60 and 80 plants m-2 resulted in lower relative water content than 40 plants m-2. Proline and carbohydrate content significantly increased with increasing plant densities. The highest proline content was obtained from L72 under the highest plant density, whereas the lowest was also detected in this cultivar at the lowest plant density. All cultivars grown at the lowest density showed higher amounts of photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and b than those at the highest density. Glucosinolate increased with increasing plant densities, with L72 yielding the highest quantity when grown at the highest density. In conclusion, a density of 40 plants m-2 is recommended for growing L72 in this region. 

scholarly journals Photosynthetic pigments, cell extrusion and relative leaf water content of the castor bean under silicon and salinity

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rener L. de S. Ferraz ◽  
Ivomberg D. Magalhães ◽  
Napoleão E. de M. Beltrão ◽  
Alberto S. de Melo ◽  
Jósé F. de Brito Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Salinity Levels

ABSTRACTThe castor bean crop plays an important social, environmental and economic role, especially due to possibility of its use as feedstock for the generation of clean energy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of photosynthetic pigments, cell membrane extrusion and the relative water content in the leaves of the castor bean cultivar ‘BRS Energia’ under silicon and salinity levels. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cotton, in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, and the treatments consisted of four silicon levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) and four water salinity levels of (ECw 0, 2, 4 and 6 dS m-1), with three replicates. The gradual increase in salinity levels reduced the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, relative water content in the leaves and increased cell membrane extrusion. The increase in the concentration of silicon reduced the harmful effects of salts on the analysed variables in the castor bean ‘BRS Energia’.

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