scholarly journals Improvement of the Quality of Ginkgo biloba Leaves Fermented by Eurotium cristatum as High Value-Added Feed

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Minmin Zou ◽  
Xiaohan Guo ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Fuliang Cao ◽  
Erzheng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Nutrient Changes ◽  
Unpleasant Smell ◽  
Optimal Medium ◽  
Ginkgolic Acids

Ginkgo biloba leaves are well known for their high content of nutrients and bioactive substances. However, unpleasant smell and a small number of ginkgolic acids greatly reduce the utilization of the leaves. In this work, solid-state fermentation of G. biloba leaves using Eurotium cristatum was studied by investigation of the nutrient changes and its feasibility as a functional feed. E. cristatum could grow on pure G. biloba leaves and the addition of excipients could significantly improve the growth of E. cristatum. The optimal medium was with 10% (w/w) of whole G. biloba seeds and the optimized water content, pH, inoculum size and fermentation time were 45% (w/w), 4.5, 4.76 × 107 CFU/100 g wet medium, and eight days, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the spore number increased by about 40 times. The content of flavonoids was greatly increased by 118.6%, and the protein and polyprenyl acetates (PPAs) were increased by 64.9% and 10.6%, respectively. The ginkgolic acids, lignin, and cellulose were decreased by 52.4%, 38.5%, and 20.1% than before, respectively. Furthermore, the fermented G. biloba leaves showed higher antioxidant activity and held more aroma substances. Thus, G. biloba leaves fermented by E. cristatum have potential as s high value-added feed. This is the first investigation of E. cristatum fermentation on ginkgo leaves, which will facilitate the use of ginkgo leaves in the feed industry.

scholarly journals Gibberellic Acid Production by Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger Using Submerged Fermentation of Banana Peel

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia F. OMOJASOLA ◽  
Damola O. ADEJORO
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fermentation Time

The present study aimed to produce gibberellic acid through fermentation using banana (Musa sapientum) peel waste as substrate. Banana peel, a domestic and industrial waste, constitutes a potential source of cheap fermentable substrate for the production of other value-added products. Fusarium moniliforme ATCC 10052 and Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88 were used as fermenting organisms. The substrate was dried, ground and its proximate composition determined. The powdered substrate was added to a modified CzapekDox broth (a semisynthetic medium), with Carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) as control. The fermentation conditions were: pH 5.5; inoculum size 1% (5 × 105 spores/mL F. moniliforme) (2 × 106 spores/mL A. niger); substrate concentration 2 g; temperature 25 ± 2 oC; fermentation time 7 days. The fermentation was optimized by varying pH, inoculum size, substrate concentration and fermentation time. The extracted GA was subjected to infra-red spectroscopy using FT-IR. The parameters which gave the highest GA yields were thereafter combined in a single fermentation. The results of proximate analysis of banana peel substrate revealed 8.65% moisture, 9.54% protein, 5.40% lipids, 11.45% ash, 22.34% crude fibre, and 42.62% carbohydrate. The GA yields of 13.55 g/L and 12.44 g/L were produced from the banana peel substrate and 3.62 and 2.61 g/L from the CMC control by F. moniliforme and A. niger respectively. Under optimized conditions, F. moniliforme produced 17.48 g/L GA, while A. niger produced 13.50 g/L. Extracted GA was similar to standard GA sample and the present results support the potential use of banana peel for fermentative GA production.

THE STUDY ON TA VAT WINE PRODUCTION FROM SUGAR PALM (ARENGA PINNATA) SAP

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thu ◽  
Đặng Minh Nhật ◽  
Nguyễn Hoàng Dung
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Fermentation ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Best Parameters

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is a feather palm native to tropical Asia. In Vietnam, it is named Búng Báng or Đoác and grown only on the highlands in the central or northern part of Vietnam. It is utilized for many purposes, especially for Ta Vat wine production - a characteristic and unique product of Co Tu ethnic minority. However, because of the natural fermentation used in the production, the product quality is inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to examine a new procedure of using palm sap for making Ta Vat wine. Some characteristics of the sap, which was collected at Nam Giang district, Quang Nam province are determined, proving the potential of the sap for making wine product. The quality of sap changes quickly at room temperature. At low temperature (4 - 60C), the changes in sap quality are apparently slower. Examining some factors affecting its quality during the wine fermentation process, we determined the best parameters for the fermentation process as follows: inoculum size of 3% with cell density of about 1x108 cells/ml, the addition of the extract from the bark of Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea L.) 4%. Keywords: Arenga pinnata, sap, Ceylon ironwood bark, Mesua ferrea L., wine fermentation.

Quality of the Administration of Value-Added Tax in OECD Countries and Russia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Knobel ◽  
Sergei Germanovich Sinelnikov-Murylev ◽  
Ilya Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Value Added Tax

Efficient removal of ginkgolic acids from Ginkgo biloba leaves crude extract by using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 113462
Author(s):  
Qihui Dong ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Rong Wu ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Ginkgolic Acids

scholarly journals Do patients value a hospital’s innovativeness reputation? A multi-method approach to assess the relative importance of innovativeness reputation in patients’ hospital choice

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Gurtner ◽  
Nadine Hietschold ◽  
María Vaquero Martín
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Patient Choice ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Hospital Choice ◽  
Patient Decision ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Method Approach

Innovations in health care are costly and risky, but they also provide the opportunity for hospitals to increase quality of care, to distinguish themselves from competitors and to attract patients. While numerous hospitals strive to increase their innovativeness by adopting a costly innovation leader strategy, the question of whether this actually influences the patient’s choice remains unanswered. To understand the role of innovativeness from the patient perspective, this study conceptualizes the construct of innovativeness reputation of hospitals and determines its relevance in patients’ hospital choice decisions. In the pretest, we identified six dimensions of innovativeness reputation such as progressive work procedures and value added services. We then used three different quantitative multi-criteria decision-making methods to evaluate the relative importance of innovativeness reputation in patient choice. We collected data from 355 former German patients who had undergone elective non-emergency surgery. Overall, innovativeness reputation accounts for 11.6%–16.8% of the patient decision. Innovativeness reputation has a moderate influence on hospital choice and should be taken into account by managers. Since technical innovations are costly, hospitals should use other means to enhance their innovative image. Strategies such as emphasizing value added services can enable hospitals to increase their innovativeness reputation efficiently.

AB0698 REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE IN THE CONTROL OF REPORTED OUTCOMES BY THE PATIENT (PROS) DIAGNOSED WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AND/OR ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS WHO BEGIN TREATMENT WITH SECUKINUMAB. A PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRIC STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1645.1-1645
Author(s):  
J. J. Lerma ◽  
A. Gracia ◽  
A. Perez ◽  
A. Rueda ◽  
C. Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Sleeping Problems

Background:Objectives:Analyse the effect of secukinumab in terms of the patient´s own variables, specifically: fatigue, sleep, pain and quality of life in patients with psoriatic arthritis or spondyloarthritis.Methods:A multicentric longtitudinal observational prospective study was carried out at 6 months in patients who begin treatment with secukinumab. At the start and after 6 months the following data was collected on the outcome: pain through an visual analogue scale (VAS), fatigue using the FACIT-fatigue scale, sleeping problems using the insomnia severity index (ISI) and quality of life with the EuroQol-3L-5D and the PsAQoL.The sample can be described in terms of the distribution of the variables through measures of central tendency.It was analysed if the change after 6 months was statistically relevant using Student´s t-test for paired data in the case of FACIT, VAS, PsAQoL and ISI and chi-squared for the dimensions of the EQ-5D. The size of the effect of each of the measurements taken was calculated using Cohen’s D. the results are given grouped by disease and globally. The analysis was carried out using Stata v12 (College Station Tx, USA)Results:In table 1, the changes in the scales of normal distribution can be seen. Apart from general VAS, all the scales experience significant relevant changes. The PROs preferred by the patient with the best therapeutic response is the quality of sleep. The adjustment of the regression models does not produce changes in the results, apart from small adjustments to the condidence intervals (final column table 1). The subdomain in which the most significant change in the EQ-5D is produced is in that of pain and discomfort.Conclusion:After 6 months patients who begin treatment with secukinumab, present with improvements in all sizes of the effects of the treatment in the various studied scales. The improvement achieves global and generalised statistical significance after 6 months of study. The greatest effect is on sleep, quality of life and fatigue.The measurements of the outcomes reported by the patients are a clinical value added to our objective evaluations of the health and activity of the disease, and allow us, in a more integrated and comprehensive manner, to undertake a more exact and close evaluation of their state of health and wellbeing.Disclosure of Interests:JUAN JOSE LERMA: None declared, Antonio Gracia: None declared, Antonio Perez: None declared, Amalia Rueda: None declared, Clara Molina: None declared, M. Dolores Pastor: None declared, Isabel Balaguer Trull: None declared, Inmaculada Valiente: None declared, Cristina Campos Fernández: None declared, Javier Calvo: None declared, Loreto Carmona Grant/research support from: Novartis Farmaceutica, SA, Pfizer, S.L.U., Merck Sharp & Dohme España, S.A., Roche Farma, S.A, Sanofi Aventis, AbbVie Spain, S.L.U., and Laboratorios Gebro Pharma, SA (All trhough institution)

Raising the Bar on Teacher Quality: Assessing the Impact of Increasing Licensure Exam Cut-Scores

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-992
Author(s):  
James V. Shuls
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Quality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Praxis Ii ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Licensure Exams ◽  
Teacher Workforce ◽  
The Impact

State policy makers are constantly looking for ways to improve teacher quality. An oft tried method is to increase the rigor of licensure exams. This study utilizes state administrative data from Arkansas to determine whether raising the cut-scores on licensure exams would improve the quality of the teacher workforce. In addition, the study explores the trade-offs of such a policy decision. It is concluded that raising the required passing score on the Praxis II would increase the quality of the teacher workforce, as measured by value-added student achievement. This change, however, would be accompanied with an important trade-off as it would reduce the number of minority teachers and potentially lead to negative outcomes in disadvantaged schools.

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