scholarly journals Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, and Cadmium-Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2266
Author(s):  
Chin-Yuan Huang ◽  
Pei-Cheng Cheng ◽  
Jih-Hsing Chang ◽  
Yu-Chih Wan ◽  
Xiang-Min Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
In Situ Stabilization ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Calcium Polysulfide ◽  
Lead Nickel

Metal contamination in groundwater often occurs in various industrial processes. Studies have confirmed that polysulfide could reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, achieving the effect of in situ stabilization. For other metal contamination in groundwater, whether polysulfide also had a stabilizing ability to achieve in situ remediation. This research focused on metals in addition to chromium that often contaminated groundwater, including lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, to explore the feasibility of using calcium polysulfide (CaSx) as an in situ stabilization technology for these metals’ contamination of groundwater. Results showed that CaSx had a great removal efficiency for metals lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium. However, for nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium, when CaSx was added excessively, complexes would be formed, causing the result of re-dissolution, in turn reducing the removal efficiency. As it is difficult to accurately control the dosage of agents for in situ groundwater remediation, the concentration of re-dissolved nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium may not be able to meet the groundwater control standards. CaSx had high lead removal efficiency and for a concentration of 100 mg/L, the dose of calcium polysulfide was more than the amount of 1/1200 (volume ratio of CaSx to groundwater). In addition, the removal rate was almost 100% and it would not cause re-dissolution due to excessive CaSx dosing. CaSx can be used as an in situ stabilization technique for lead-contaminated groundwater.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Remediation Lead, Nickel, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium Contaminated Groundwater by Calcium Sulfide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Yuan Huang ◽  
Pei-Cheng Cheng ◽  
Jih-Hsing Chang ◽  
Yu-Chih Wan ◽  
Xiang-Min Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
In Situ Stabilization ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
Lead Nickel

Heavy metals contamination in groundwater often occurs in various industrial processes. Stud-ies have confirmed that polysulfide could reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, achieving the effect of in-situ stabilization. For other heavy metals contamination in groundwa-ter, whether polysulfide also had a stabilizing ability to achieve in-situ remediation. This re-search focused on heavy metals except for chromium that often contaminated in groundwater, including lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium to explore the feasibility of using calcium polysulfide (CaSx) as an in-situ stabilization technology for these heavy metals contamination groundwater. Results showed that CaSx had a great removal efficiency for heavy metals lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium. However, for nickel, zinc, copper and cadmium, when CaSx was added excessively, complexes would be formed, causing the result of re-dissolve and this would also reduce the removal efficiency. Since it is difficult to accurately control the dosage of agents for in-situ groundwater remediation, the concentration of re-dissolved nickel, zinc, cop-per, and cadmium may not be able to meet the groundwater control standards. CaSx had high lead removal efficiency, and it would not cause re-dissolution due to excessive CaSx dosing. CaSx can be used as an in-situ stabilization technique for lead contaminated groundwater.

scholarly journals Growth and metal removal efficiency of the green algae Schroederia setigera and Selenastrum bibraianum exposed to nickel, zinc and cadmium

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5A) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Dao Thanh Son ◽  
Van Tai Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Nhu Quynh Vo ◽  
Vinh Quang Tran ◽  
Thi My Chi Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Ecological Protection

Heavy metal contamination is among the globally environmental and ecological concerns. In this study we assessed the development of the two green algae Schroederia setigera and Selenastrum bibraianum under exposures to 5 – 200 µg/L of Ni, Zn, and Cd in the laboratory conditions. Heavy metal removal efficiency of S. setigera was also tested in 537 µg Ni/L, 734 µg Zn/L, and 858 µg Cd/L. We found that the exposures with these heavy metals caused inhibitory on the growth of S. bibraianum. The S. bibraianum cell size in the 200 µg Zn/L treatment was around two times smaller than the control. However, Zn and Cd at the concentration of 200 µg/L did not inhibit the growth of S. setigera over 18 days of exposure. The S. setigera also grew well during 8 days exposed to Ni at the same concentration. Besides, the alga S. setigera could remove 66% of Zn, 18% of Cd and 12% of Ni out of the test medium after 16 days of incubation. The Vietnam Technical Regulation related to metals should be considered for ecological protection. We recommend to test the metal removal by the alga S. setigera at pilot scale prior to apply it in situ

scholarly journals In Situ Persulfate Oxidation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane in Groundwater of North China Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Zhantao Han ◽  
Yong Qian ◽  
Xiangke Kong ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Persulfate Oxidation

In situ injection of Fe(II)-activated persulfate was carried out to oxidize chlorinated hydrocarbons and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) in groundwater in a contaminated site in North China Plain. To confirm the degradation of contaminants, an oxidant mixture of persulfate, ferrous sulfate, and citric acid was mixed with the main contaminants including 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) and benzene before field demonstration. Then the mixed oxidant solution of 6 m3 was injected into an aquifer with two different depths of 8 and 15 m to oxidize a high concentration of TCP, other kinds of chlorinated hydrocarbons, and BTEX. In laboratory tests, the removal efficiency of TCP reached 61.4% in 24 h without other contaminants but the removal rate was decreased by the presence of benzene. Organic matter also reduced the TCP degradation rate and the removal efficiency was only 8.3% in 24 h. In the field test, as the solution was injected, the oxidation reaction occurred immediately, accompanied by a sharp increase of oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) and a decrease in pH. Though the concentration of pollutants increased due to the dissolution of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) at the initial stage, BTEX could still be effectively degraded in subsequent time by persulfate in both aquifers, and their removal efficiency approached 100%. However, chlorinated hydrocarbon was relatively difficult to degrade, especially TCP, which had a relatively higher initial concentration, only had a removal efficiency of 30%–45% at different aquifers and monitoring wells. These finding are important for the development of injection technology for chlorinated hydrocarbon and BTEX contaminated site remediation.

scholarly journals The Remediation Characteristics of Heavy Metals (Copper and Lead) on Applying Recycled Food Waste Ash and Electrokinetic Remediation Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7437
Author(s):  
Sounghyun Lee ◽  
Jung-Mann Yun ◽  
Jong-Young Lee ◽  
Gigwon Hong ◽  
Ji-Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Reactive Barrier

Most food waste is incinerated and reclaimed in Korea. Due to the development of industry, soil and groundwater pollution are serious. The purpose of this study was to study recycled materials and eco-friendly remediation methods to prevent secondary pollution after remediation. In this study, recycled food waste ash was filled in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) and used as a heavy metal adsorption material. In situ remediation electrokinetic techniques (EK) and acetic acid were used. Electrokinetic remediation is a technology that can remove various polluted soils and pollutants, and is an economical and highly useful remediation technique. Thereafter, the current density increased constantly over time, and it was confirmed that it increased after electrode exchange and then decreased. Based on this result, the acetic acid was constantly injected and it was reconfirmed through the water content after the end of the experiment. In the case of both heavy metals, the removal efficiency was good after 10 days of operation and 8 days after electrode exchange, but, in the case of lead, it was confirmed that experiments are needed by increasing the operation date before electrode exchange. It was confirmed that the copper removal rate was about 74% to 87%, and the lead removal rate was about 11% to 43%. After the end of the experiment, a low pH was confirmed at x/L = 0.9, and it was also confirmed that there was no precipitation of heavy metals and there was a smooth movement by the enhancer and electrolysis after electrode exchange.

In-situ biological denitrification using pretreated maize stalks as carbon source for nitrate-contaminated groundwater remediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongyan Li ◽  
Wenqi Li ◽  
Chuanping Feng ◽  
Weiwu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Alternative Carbon Source ◽  
Maize Stalks

A simulation apparatus of in-situ groundwater remediation (SAIR) that used maize stalks pretreated with sodium hydroxide (MSSH) as a carbon source was designed for nitrate-contaminated groundwater treatment. Two experiments, RA and RB, were constructed in this SAIR. The removal performance of SAIR fed with real nitrate contaminated water was investigated under static and dynamic conditions. In the static remediation experiment, good removal efficiency (>95% for nitrate, 89% for total nitrogen) was observed in both experiments. However, nitrate removal efficiency did not differ greatly between RA and RB at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 15 d. Overall, these results indicate that MSSH has potential for use as an alternative carbon source for denitrification.

Research on the Transference of Cd with Properties of Environmental Materials and Activated Reagent in Underground

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Environmental Material ◽  
Environmental Materials ◽  
Variation Rule

The natural transfusion and activated reagent (environmental material) enhanced migration efficiency was studied by the experiments in Cd contaminated groundwater in this work. The experimental results showed that the variation rule of Cd reflected that its migration was weak and the removal efficiency was only 11.36% near the anode zone in the natural seepage condition, but under the enhanced migration function, the pollutants could be enriched and removed faster. The main migrating direction of pollutant was mainly from upstream anode zone to downstream cathode zone, which indicated that the washing function could enhance the migrating efficiency of pollutants. And the Cd of in anode zone decreased relatively quickly and its removal rate was 25.75 %, which made known that this enhanced migration of Cd in contaminated groundwater was more effective method than that of natural seepage migration.

Gowanus Canal Superfund Site. III: Leaching of In Situ Stabilization/Solidification Mix Designs

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 04020045
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Grubb ◽  
Theresa M. Himmer ◽  
Jeff L. Gentry ◽  
Alexandra J. Salter-Blanc ◽  
Christos D. Tsiamis
Keyword(s):  
Superfund Site ◽  
In Situ Stabilization

Marine Quality Standards: Their Derivation and Application in the United Kingdom

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 1187-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mance ◽  
A. R. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lead Nickel ◽  
The Impact

This paper discusses the derivation of environmental quality standards for coastal waters and the difficulties of using such standards for controlling industrial discharges. Attention is focused on the common List II substances, copper, chromium, lead, nickel, zinc and arsenic - and their effects on marine life. The adequacy of existing toxicity data is discussed and it is concluded that long exposure tests are required to provide information on sublethal effects. Such data are currently limited. It is also important that consideration be given to the effects that reducing salinities and increasing temperatures have in increasing the toxicity of these substances. The complexity of interpreting the results of laboratory toxicity data to coastal waters is discussed with reference to a study of the impact of an industrial discharge.

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