scholarly journals Entinociceptive effects of Euphorbia helioscopia extract on Balb/c mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Zahra Alibabaei ◽  
Zahra Lorigooini ◽  
Hossein Amini-Khoei ◽  
Zahra Rabiei ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Euphorbia Helioscopia ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Background and aims: Euphorbia helioscopia has multiple pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal,anticancer and/or antitumor, allelopathic, anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic, antioxidant, antinociceptive effect. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activities of Euphorbia helioscopia extract in Balb/c mice, as well as the total flavonoids, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities of the extract. Methods: In this study, 90 Balb/c mice were randomly designated into 9 groups. Group 1 received normal saline, groups 2 to 7 received different doses of the E. helioscopia hydroethanolic extract (i.e., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 2, & 8 mg/kg, i.p.).In addition, groups 8 and 9 received naloxone (1 mg/kg) and extract (8 mg/kg) plus naloxone (1 mg/kg), respectively (Naloxone was injected 15 minutes after extract administration). Then, pain response was evaluated for 30 minutes after the injection of 20 µL formalin (1.5%) in the plantar surface of the mice foot. Further, the beta-carotene-linoleate method was used for measuring antioxidant capacity. Finally, total phenolic and flavonoid content were measured based on Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Results: Total phenol and flavonoid content were 49.43 ± 1.8 mg GAE/g dried extract and 30.19 ± 1.96 mg rutin/g dried extract, respectively. Our results showed that during the first 5 minutes (the acute pain step), a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between the control group and the group which received the E. helioscopia hydroethanolic extract (8 mg/kg). In the next 25 minutes (the chronic pain step), a significant difference (P<0.05) was found between the control group and the group which received 0.1 and 8 mg/kg doses of the extract. Based on the results, naloxone was unable to reverse the antinociceptive effects of the extract and the maximum antioxidant activity of the extract was 1.641 mg/g of rutin equivalent. Conclusion: In general, this study supports the use of the E. helioscopia extract in folk medicine as the analgesic agent and calls for further investigations regarding elucidating its mechanism of action. Eventually, our findings revealed that the extract of E. helioscopia possessed either antinociceptive or anti-oxidative activities.

scholarly journals Activity Guided Isolation of Phenolic Compositions from Anneslea fragrans Wall. and Their Cytoprotective Effect against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3690
Author(s):  
Shuyue He ◽  
Xiaoyan Cui ◽  
Afsar Khan ◽  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Yudan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nonpolar Organic

Anneslea fragrans Wall., commonly known as “Pangpo Tea”, is traditionally used as a folk medicine and healthy tea for the treatment of liver and intestine diseases. The aim of this study was to purify the antioxidative and cytoprotective polyphenols from A. fragrans leaves. After fractionation with polar and nonpolar organic solvents, the fractions of aqueous ethanol extract were evaluated for their total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays). The n-butanol fraction (BF) showed the highest TPC and TFC with the strongest antioxidant activity. The bio-guided chromatography of BF led to the purification of six flavonoids (1–6) and one benzoquinolethanoid (7). The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR and MS techniques. Compound 6 had the strongest antioxidant capacity, which was followed by 5 and 2. The protective effect of the isolated compounds on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells revealed that the compounds 5 and 6 exhibited better protective effects by inhibiting ROS productions, having no significant difference with vitamin C (p > 0.05), whereas 6 showed the best anti-apoptosis activity. The results suggest that A. fragrans could serve as a valuable antioxidant phytochemical source for developing functional food and health nutraceutical products.

Survey of Chinese Cowpea Cultivars for Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Bai Zhouya ◽  
Huang Xiaojun ◽  
Meng Jinxia ◽  
Kan Lijiao ◽  
Nie Shaoping
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
P Distribution

Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was surveyed in 24 varieties of Chinese cowpea from 4 provinces. Identity of phytochemicals were determined by UPLC-ESIQTOF-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS. Seven phenolic acids, 16 flavonoids and 9 other compounds were identified and several of these were quantified. Quercetin-3-glucoside and kaempferol-glucoside were the major phenolic compounds. In addition, our study indicated that OJYDH cultivar from Jiangxi province had the highest total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and stronger antioxidant activities than other cowpea cultivars. This study made a comprehensive investigation on antioxidants from cowpea and provided the useful data to support its function.

scholarly journals Establishing Relationship between Vitamins, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities in Various Honey Types

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4399
Author(s):  
Norhasnida Zawawi ◽  
Pei Juin Chong ◽  
Nurul Nadhirah Mohd Tom ◽  
Nurkhairina Solehah Saiful Anuar ◽  
Salma Malihah Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Honey is a well-known natural sweetener and is rich in natural antioxidants that prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is responsible for many human diseases. Some of the biochemical compounds in honey that contribute to this property are vitamins and phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the extent to which these molecules contribute towards the antioxidant capacity in vitro is inconsistently reported, especially with the different analytical methods used, as well as other extrinsic factors that influence these molecules’ availability. Therefore, by reviewing recently published works correlating the vitamin, total phenolic, and flavonoid content in honey with its antioxidant activities in vitro, this paper will establish a relationship between these parameters. Based on the literature, vitamins do not contribute to honey’s antioxidant capacity; however, the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids has an impact on honey’s antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT PROFILE AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF SUPER RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) COLLECTED FROM WEST JAVA-INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irda Fidrianny ◽  
Nadia Ilham ◽  
Rika Hartati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Different Parts

Objectives: The goals of this research were to observe antioxidant properties from different parts of super red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS).Methods: Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays, total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang’s method.Results: Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH scavenging activity of all of the extracts in the range of 2.69 μg/ml was −94.17 μg/ml. The ethyl acetate peel extract of super red dragon fruit expressed the highest TPC (4.56 g GAE/100 g) and the highest total flavonoid content (12.63 g QE/100 g). TPC in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit had a negative and significant correlation with their IC50 of ABTS. The IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS of flesh extract of super red dragon fruit showed positive and significant correlation.Conclusion: All different parts extracts of super red dragon fruit (except n-hexane flesh extract) were categorized as a very strong antioxidant by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by ABTS method. DPPH and ABTS showed linear results in antioxidant activities of super red dragon fruit flesh extract.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities of Ten Malaysian Wild Mushrooms

OALib ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jinting Azieana ◽  
Mohd Noor Zainon ◽  
Abdullah Noriham ◽  
Mat Nor Rohana
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF SIMANA LAGI APPLE ([MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.] “SIMANA LAGI”) GROWN IN EAST JAVA-INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Irda Fidrianny ◽  
Dhella Fitrani ◽  
Siti Kusmardiyani ◽  
Defri Rizaldy ◽  
Komar Ruslan
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Different Parts

  Objectives: The goals of this research were to observe antioxidant properties from different parts of Simana lagi apple ([Malus domestica Borkh.] “Simana lagi”) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS) and correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid content with their inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS.Methods: Each sample was extracted by reflux using different polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using rotary evaporator. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and ABTS assays, determination of total phenolic, and flavonoid content were carried out by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and correlation with their IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS activities were analyzed by Pearson’s method.Results: The ethanolic leaves extract (LV3) of Simana lagi apple also exposed the highest total phenolic content (TPC) (13.88 g gallic acid equivalents/100 g), while the highest total flavonoid content was presented by ethyl acetate extract (LV2) (7.21 g QE/100 g). The lowest IC50 of DPPH scavenging activity 0.19 μg/ml, and the lowest IC50 of ABTS scavenging activity 0.15 μg/ml was given by ethanolic flesh extract (FL3) of Simana lagi apple. There were significantly negative correlation between TPC in all different parts extracts of Simana lagi apple with their IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS.Conclusions: All different parts extracts of Simana lagi apple were categorized as very strong antioxidant by DPPH and ABTS method (except n-hexane peels extract and n-hexane LV by DPPH method, and n-hexane FE by ABTS method). The major contributor in antioxidant activities of peels, flesh and leaves extracts of Simana lagi apple by DPPH and ABTS methods were phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activities of peels, flesh and leaves extracts of Simana lagi apple showed linear results by DPPH and ABTS methods.

Antioxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of extracts derived from peel, fruit and kernel of Salak

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 3029-3038
Author(s):  
Seok Shin Tan ◽  
Seok Tyug Tan ◽  
Chin Xuan Tan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

PurposeSalak (Salacca zalacca) is an underutilised fruit. The bioactivities of this fruit have rarely been studied scientifically. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts derived from the peel, fruit and kernel of the Salak fruit, as well as the hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of Salak peel extracts.Design/methodology/approachThe peel, fruit and kernel of the Salak were extracted using distilled water, methanol and ethanol. Antioxidant activities, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and alpha-amylase inhibition properties of the extracts were estimated via in vitro standard methods. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were also determined in the present study. The antioxidant activities of different parts of Salak extracts were determined by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) methods. Percent of radical scavenging properties were calculated via DPPH assay. The hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of Salak peel were evaluated using alpha-amylase inhibition and ACE assays, respectively.FindingsFruit extracts of Salak in methanol were found to exhibit the highest TPC (10.27 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g), TFC (11.04 ± 0.89 mg CE/g) and antioxidant properties amongst all samples whereby the TPC and TFC were strongly correlated with antioxidant activities. On the other hand, distilled water extracted Salak kernel showed to have the lowest TPC (0.53 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g), TFC (0.37 ± 0.01 mg CE/g) and antioxidant properties amongst all the Salak extracts. Peel extracts exhibit comparable antioxidant activities with fruit extracts in the current findings. In addition, peel extracts indicated some extend of ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition activities regardless of the solvents used. Methanol and ethanol peel extracts indicated no significant difference (p < 0.05) ACE (98%) and alpha-amylase (90%) inhibition activities. However, distilled water extracted Salak peel showed significantly lower ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition in comparison to methanol and ethanol peel extracts.Originality/valueThe present findings suggested that the fruit of Salak exhibits the highest antioxidant properties, followed by the peel and lastly, the kernel, which shows the lowest antioxidant properties amongst all the samples. The results also indicated that the peel extracts have ACE and alpha-amylase inhibition activities.

scholarly journals Acmella oleracea (L) R. K. Jansen Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish: An In Vivo and In Silico Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Custodio de Souza ◽  
Arlindo César Matias Pereira ◽  
Muller Duarte Viana ◽  
Adriana Maciel Ferreira ◽  
Ianna Dias Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract ◽  
Primary Compound ◽  
F1 Generation

The plant species Acmella oleracea L. is used in the north of Brazil for the treatment of a range of illnesses, such as tuberculosis, flu, cough, and rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent; besides, hydroethanolic formulations with this species are popularly used as a female aphrodisiac agent. However, currently, there are no studies performed evaluating its effect on embryonic development. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of A. oleracea (EHFAo) on the reproductive performance (parental) and embryonic development (F1 generation) of zebrafish, at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/L. Histopathology of parental gonads after 21 days of exposure to EHFAo reveals few alterations in the ovaries and testes, not impairing the reproduction; an increase of eggs deposition was observed in animals treated with EHFAo at the highest concentrations. Nevertheless, concerning the embryonic development of F1, teratogenic effects were observed including tail deformation, cardiac and yolk edema, scoliosis, and growth retardation; these alterations were more prominent in the groups born from progenitors exposed to the highest concentrations (100 and 200 μg/L.); but only the occurrence of yolk and cardiac edema had a statistically significant difference when compared to the control group. The chromatographic analysis shows that spilanthol (affinin) was the primary compound found in the EHFAo. Hence, in silico assessment was performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of this molecule and 37 metabolites derived from it. Overall, our data show that the treatment caused no detrimental changes in progenitors regarding their gonads or fertility but caused some potentially teratogenic activity in embryos, which may be due to the action of spilanthol’s metabolites M3, M6, M7, M8, M16, M28, and M31.

scholarly journals LC-ESI-QTOF/MS Characterisation of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Polyphenol-Rich Fruits and Vegetables and Their Potential Antioxidant Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Gu ◽  
Kate Howell ◽  
Frank R. Dunshea ◽  
Hafiz A. R. Suleria
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Plant Foods

Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds found largely in fruits and vegetables. The antioxidant properties of these polyphenols including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging abilities and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured among sixteen (16) plant foods (mango, blueberry, strawberry, black carrot, raspberry, dark grapes, garlic, ginger, onion, cherry, plum, apple, papaya, peach, pear and apricot) by modifying, standardising and translating existing antioxidant methods using a 96-well plate reader. Eighteen targeted phenolic acids and flavonoids were characterised and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-photometric diode array (HPLC-PDA) and verified by modifying an existing method of liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray-ionisation triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). While most of these compounds were accurately detected by the HPLC-PDA at a low concentration, a few polyphenols in low concentrations could be only be characterised using the LC-ESI-QTOF/MS method. Our results showed that mango possessed the highest overall antioxidant activity, phenolic acid and flavonoid content among the selected fruits. Factor analysis (FA) and Pearson’s correlation tests showed high correlations among ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and phenolic acids, implying the comparable capabilities of scavenging the DPPH/ABTS free radicals and reducing ferric ions from the antioxidant compounds in the samples. Phenolic acids contributed significantly to the antioxidant activities, and flavonoids contributed more to tannin content based on the correlations. Overall, methods modified and standardized in this study can provide better understanding of high throughput technologies and increase the reliability of antioxidant data of different plant foods.

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