scholarly journals NILAI EKONOMI TRANSPORTASI UMUM BAGI MASYARAKAT PERKOTAAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistya Rini Pratiwi ◽  
Meylin Rahmawati ◽  
Yohanna Thresia Nainggolan ◽  
M Tharmizi Junaid ◽  
Aan Digita Malik
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Valuation Method

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis nilai kemampuan membayar (Ability To Pay/ ATP) dan kesedian membayar (Willingness To Pay/WTP) masyarakat dalam hal ini pengguna untuk membayar jasa layanan angkutan umum, dengan menggunakan contingent valuation method. Dan mengidentifikasi variable yang berpengaruh terhadap ATP, WTP dan Pendapatan penyedia angkutan umum, menggunakan ordinary least square method. Hasil menunjukkan WTP atau tingkat kemauan membayar rata-rata tertinggi adalah responden yang mempunyai jenis pekerjaan PNS/TNI/POLRI, yaitu Rp.6.834,-. Selain itu juga memiliki wtp rata-rata yang lebih tinggi (Rp.6.834,-) daripada wtp total (Rp. 5.540,39). Sedangkan nilai wtp terendah ada pada responden yang memiliki jenis pekerjaan sebagai pelajar/mahasiswa, yaitu Rp.4.250,-. Sedangkan ATP atau tingkat kemampuan membayar rata-rata tertinggi adalah responden yang telah pensiun, yaitu Rp.5.834,-. Dan yang paling rendah adalah Rp.2.262,- ada pada responden yang memiliki jenis pekerjaan sebagai wiraswasta. Pendapatan (INC) berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap WTP, sedangkan Biaya Transportasi (COST) untuk angkutan umum berpengaruh negative signifikan terhadap WTP. Untuk model ATP, Pendapatan dan Biaya Transportasi berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan. Banyaknya penumpang dan jumlah jam kerja pengemudi berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pendapatan pengemudi. Namun hanya jumlah jam kerja yang signifikan, sedangkan jumlah penumpang tidak signifikan.

scholarly journals Analisis Tarif Pengelolaan Sampah Berdasarkan Ability To Pay dan Willingness To Pay di Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
ZAMADILA ROSYIDA HASBULLAH
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
Valuation Method

AbstrakKecamatan Cimahi Tengah merupakan pusat Kota Cimahi yang terdapat aktivitas didalamnya seperti pemukiman, perkantoran, pusat perbelanjaan, pusat pendidikan militer yang menghasilkan sampah dalam kegiatan sehari-hari. Timbulan sampah domestik di Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah sebesar 53,36 ton/hari. Biaya pembuangan sampah ke Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) Sarimukti mengalami kenaikan dari Rp. 29.000 menjadi Rp. 50.000 per ton sampah, tahun 2016 target retribusi masyarakat sebesar 8%, namun target retribusi hanya mencapai 5,8%, sehingga beban yang ditanggung pemerintah meningkat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Ability To Pay (ATP) dan Willingness To Pay (WTP) masyarakat di Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah berdasarkan kelas daya listrik, kelas II rumah dengan daya listrik 500 watt sampai dengan 1300 watt dan kelas III rumah dengan daya listrik 250 watt sampai dengan 500 watt terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei, wawancara, kuesioner, ATP, WTP menggunakan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Nilai ATP yang diperoleh pada kelas II dan kelas III adalah Rp. 12.701 dan Rp. 6.829, serta nilai WTP Rp. 7.492 dan Rp. 3.439. Kata kunci: pengelolaan sampah, ATP, WTP, CVM

Tourist’s Attitude Towards Cultural Heritage and Their Willingness to Pay for Visitation; A Case Study of Lahore-Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hassan Mahboob
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Valuation Method

Tourists’ interest traveling to Lahore (Badshahi mosque & Royal fort) have been increased after worst terrorism situation in Pakistan and expected to continue. Despite this fact, very little facts are known about individual's attitude towards cultural heritage. This study makes a tour on factors which encouraged tourists to visit cultural heritage sites (pre-post visit) and also identify variables that help to estimate their willingness to pay (WTP) for cultural heritage sites. Data of 200 tourists were collected through well pre paired questionnaire and this data were used in the final analysis. The most useful technique contingent valuation method (CVM) with dichotomous choice question was used to estimate the WTP. Two models were used in the estimation of WTP binary regression and ordinary least square (OLS). The findings acknowledged that tourists were interested to get good memories, experience and knowledge through this visit; more than 75% tourists were WTP for cultural heritage due to their positive attitude and would prefer to visit again these destinations. Tourist’s income was positive and significant determinant factor of WTP, total cost and environmental concern were negatively related with WTP. Findings of this study recommended practical implications for authorities.

Reliability and Validity of the Contingent Valuation Method for Estimating Willingness to Pay: A Case of In Vitro Fertilisation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Nalukwago Settumba ◽  
Marian Shanahan ◽  
Willings Botha ◽  
Muhammad Zulilhaam Ramli ◽  
Georgina Mary Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Valuation Method

scholarly journals Paying the price to solve fisheries conflicts in Brazil’s Marine Protected Areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Lopes ◽  
Sebastian Villasante
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Slight Tendency ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Fernando De Noronha

Ecosystems services (ES) provide food and recreation to humans, but are fast being degraded. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been proposed as a way to protect some of these ES, but decisions regarding what gets protection and what gets consumed can be a source of conflicts. One such example is the Fernando de Noronha MPA (Brazil), where there is a conflict between shark-directed tourism and fishers who would like to access the no-take part of the MPA during part of the year. A contingent valuation method (Willingness to Pay) was used to ascertain if tourists would accept compensating fishers for not disturbing the sharks during a specific period of the year, by adding a symbolic increase in the taxes they already pay to either visit the island or to visit the no-take part of the MPA. Tourists were open to this alternative (67-71%), regardless of the fee being paid. However, there was a slight tendency to reject the fee when the tourists saw sharks during their stay, suggesting that a closer contact with these animals triggered a less sympathetic attitude towards fishers, probably because they start seeing fishers as wrongdoers, even if this is the worst choice for conservation. Although such a hypothetical payment was easily accepted by the majority of the tourists and could represent an affordable solution to conflicts, convincing those who reject such social compensation, especially if based on an irrational choice, would be an important step for sharks and for the MPA as a whole.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH MELALUI RETRIBUSI SEKTOR PARIWISATA (Studi Kasus Kawasan Wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng Kabupaten Wonosobo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Reni Novianti ◽  
Lukman M. Baga ◽  
A. Faroby Falatehan
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Valuation Method

Kabupaten Wonosobo memiliki potensi pada sektor pariwisata, salah satunya objek wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng. Pariwisata merupakan salah satu sektor yang berpotensi memberikan kontribusi terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Akan tetapi, kontribusi PAD Wonosobo dalam pembiayaan belanja daerah kurang dari 15 persen. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kondisi objek wisata terhadap beberapa atribut dengan menggunakan analisis IPA; mengestimasi nilai willingness to pay pengunjung dengan menggunakan Contingent Valuation Method (CVM); serta merumuskan strategi peningkatan PAD Kabupaten Wonosobo melalui peningkatan retribusi objek wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis IPA menunjukkan atribut kondisi jalan menuju kawasan wisata, kebersihan, pelayanan, promosi, penanganan keluhan pengunjung, kemacetan, tempat pembuangan sampah, fasilitas toilet dan musholla menjadi prioritas utama untuk diperbaiki. Sedangkan dari hasil analisis CVM diperoleh nilai WTP sebesar Rp16 513 per orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut serta hasil wawancara yang telah dilakukan, dapat teridentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman yang dituangkan dalam matriks SWOT. Terdapat lima strategi yang berperan dalam peningkatan retribusi objek wisata dataran tinggi dieng yaitu: 1) Meningkatkan kerjasama dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan sumberdaya wisatayang memiliki daya tarik; 2) Membangun sistem yang terintegrasi; 3) membangun dan memperbaiki sarana dan fasilitas umum; 4) memperbaiki akses menuju objek wisata; dan 5) merumuskan peraturan yang mengatur tentang pariwisata, pengelolaan objek wisata beserta elemen-elemennya.

scholarly journals Is there a need to audit CVM applications to the environment?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
S Hosking
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
External Audit ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Goods And Services

It is well known to economists that the contingent valuation method (CVM) fills an important gap in valuation technology with respect to managing public environmental goods and services.   Currently acceptable CVM practice requires many challenging steps to be followed.  One of these important steps is that of assessing the theoretical validity of the household willingness to pay (WTP) finding, but it is far from being a sufficient basis for reaching conclusions as to the credibility predicted community willingness to pay for environmental services.  This paper reviews the step of testing for theoretical validity and challenges its importance relative to other more fundamental assessments of the credibility of the predicted household and societal WTP.  This paper then deduces that an external ‘audit’ assessment may be necessary, in addition to an internal one, for these values to attain credibility in the determination of public choices.

scholarly journals Incentive Compatible Referenda and the Valuation of Environmental Goods

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura O. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Hypothetical Bias ◽  
The Real ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Incentive Compatible ◽  
Valuation Method

Recent attempts to test the validity of the contingent valuation method have relied on laboratory-type experiments. In these experiments, willingness to pay responses in hypothetical choice experiments are compared with responses from choice experiments requiring actual payments. Often evidence of hypothetical bias is found. Critical for these experimental tests of hypothetical surveys is that the methodology used to elicit willingness to pay from subjects in the real-payment experiment be demand revealing. If it is not, then differences in responses to hypothetical and real valuation questions could be due to free-riding in the real-payment survey and not due to hypothetical bias in the hypothetical survey. This paper reports on experiments that implement a theoretically incentive-compatible revelation mechanism (a closed referendum) to elicit responses to valuation questions in both hypothetical and real experiments. As in earlier studies, evidence of an upward hypothetical bias is found.

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