scholarly journals KELAINAN REFRAKSI PADA ANAK DI BLU RSU PROF. Dr. R.D. KANDOU

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Simon Ratanna ◽  
Laya M. Rares ◽  
J. S. M. Saerang
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group 10 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The vision is one very important factor in all aspects of life. Hypermetropia is refractive disorders found in most newborns, where the eyeball is too short so that the eyes of infants and children is the hypermetropia of 2-3 diopters, which will increase in the first few years but will be gradually reduced until the age of adolescence into emetrop. This study aims to determine the refractive  disorders in children at Eye Polyclinic BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Method: This is a descriptive retrospective study by looking at the medical record data at Eyes Polyclinic BLU RSU  Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado period June 2010 – June 2012. Results: The result show as much as 40,49% in male patients and 59,51% in women. In the age group 10-14 year is the most common age group was found that as many as 64,41% and least in age group 1-4 year is 0,62%. Refractive disorders most frequently found is 71,78% myopia. Conclusion: The results of the distribution of refractive disorders in children BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado, found 163 patient with refractive disorders in children, in which sufferers are women more found by 97 patients. Based on age, in the age group 10-14 years as many as 105 people. Refractive disorders in children are most commonly found are myopia, as many as 117 people. Keywords: refractive disorders, child.   Abstrak: Penglihatan adalah salah satu faktor yang sangat penting dalam seluruh aspekkehidupan. Hipermetropia merupakan kelainan refraksi yang terdapat pada sebagian bayi baru lahir, dimana bola matanya terlalu pendek sehingga mata bayi dan anak-anak adalah hipermetropia yaitu sebesar 2-3 dioptri, yang akan bertambah pada tahun-tahun pertama namun akan berangsur-angsur berkurang hingga pada usia remaja menjadi emetrop. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelainan refraksi pada anak di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R.D.Kandou Manado. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan cara melihat data rekam medik di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juni 2010 – Juni 2012. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 40,49% pada penderita laki-laki, dan pada perempuan 59,51%. Kelompok umur 10-14 tahun merupakan kelompok umur tersering ditemukan yaitu sebanyak 64,41% dan paling sedikit pada golongan umur1-4 tahun sebanyak 0,62%. Kelainan refraksi yang paling sering ditemukan adalah miopia 71,78%. Simpulan: Hasil distribusi kelainan refraksi pada anak di BLU RSU Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado, didapatkan 163 penderita kelainan refraksi pada  anak, dimana penderita perempuan lebih banyak ditemukan yaitu sebanyak 97 penderita. Berdasarkan Umur, pada kelompok umur 10-14 tahun sebanyak 105 penderita.  Kelainan refraksi pada anak yang paling sering ditemukan adalah miopia, yaitu sebanyak 117 penderita. Kata kunci: kelainan refraksi, anak.

scholarly journals Profil Penderita Hemoroid di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Sumatera Barat Periode 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Sindy Sekarlina ◽  
M Nurhuda ◽  
Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Patient Interview ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Record Data

Hemorrhoids (wasir) are widening of  venous artery plexus surrounding the distal part of the rectum and  canal anal. However, most people don’t know about the symptoms that arise from disease. Medical record data from  RSUP Dr.  M. Djamil Padang, noted that sufferers of Hemorrhoids disease in 2009  were 244 people,  from 2015 to 2016 there were an increase of  75 to 109 cases.This aims to knowing profile of hemorrhoids patients in Islamic Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2016-2017 years. The study is descriptive by using secondary data from patient’s medical record and primary data from patient interview. Conducted at medical record at RSI Siti Rahmah  Padang from November 2018 - February 2019, the population are 45 samples by simple random sampling technique.The results showed that the highest age group was the age group 15-44 years (60%), the highest sex male (57,8%), internal hemorrhoids classification  (88.9%), III and IV degrees  with each there were (42,2%). A history was pain (100%) and followed by a lumpof (97,77%), defecation position is sitting (55.5%), and constipation (95.6%).

scholarly journals Proteinuria pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal Kronik di Rumah Sakit Martha Friska Multatuli Medan Tahun 2015-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Juliana Ruminta Sijabat ◽  
Sartini Sartini ◽  
Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Male Patients

This study aims to determine the presence or absence of protein in urine in patients with chronic renal failure. From the results of the study it was found that patients with chronic kidney failure in Martha Friska Multatuli General Hospital Medan from the 80 most patients in positive +++. Many patients with chronic kidney failure are male patients (62.5%) compared to female patients (37.5%) and the results of the examination based on age increase with age, ie at the age of 45 years and above. This type of research is descriptive analytic. Data is taken by recording medical record data of patients with chronic kidney failure based on age, sex and year. The study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016. The place for conducting the research was conducted at Martha Friska Multatuli General Hospital (RSU) Medan. The study sample was urine samples from all patients with chronic renal failure. It can be concluded that the picture of protein in urine in patients with chronic kidney failure increases every year.

scholarly journals Profil Adenokarsinoma Kolon di RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou dan Siloam Hospitals Periode Januari 2016 – Juni 2017

e-CliniC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivia P. Pantow ◽  
Bradley J. Waleleng ◽  
Bisuk P. Sedli
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Record Data

Abstract: Adenocarcinoma colon is a malignant cancer that occurs in the digestive mucosa of colon to rectum. According to Globocan in 2012, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Indonesia was 12.8 per 100,000 adults with a mortality of 9.5% of all cancer cases. This study was aimed to determine the profile of colon adenocarcinoma at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital and Siloam Hospital. This was a retrospective descriptive study using medical record data at Endoscopy Center of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital and Siloam Hospital Manado from January 2016 to June 2017. Samples were patients who had colonoscopy and pathological examination performed on them and were diagnosed as colon adenocarcinoma. In this study there were 85 samples: 44 patients of nonadenocarcinoma and 41 patients of adenocarcinoma as the subjects of the study. Most patients were males (26 patients; 63.4%), aged 46-60 years old (16 patients), and Minahasan ethnic group (40 patients). Most cancers were adenocarcinoma type (13 patients), located in the rectum (11 patients). The most common complaint was hematochezia ( 20 patients). Conclusion: Colon adenocarcinoma was most common among males, age group 46-60 years, Minahasan ethnic group, with moderate differentiation type of adenocarcinoma and located in the rectum. The most common complaints was hematochezia.Keywords: adenocarcinoma colon, colonoscopy, pathology anatomical Abstrak: Adenokarsinoma kolon merupakan salah satu jenis kanker ganas yang terjadi pada epitel mukosa usus besar dari kolon sampai dengan rektum. Berdasarkan data dari Globocan tahun 2012 insiden kanker kolorektal di Indonesia ialah 12,8 per 100.000 penduduk usia dewasa dengan mortalitas 9,5% dari seluruh kasus kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil adeno-karsinoma kolon di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan Siloam Hospitals. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik di Pusat Endoskopi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan Siloam Hospital Manado periode Januari 2016-Juni 2017 pada pasien yang telah dilakukan kolonoskopi dan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi yang didiagnosis dengan adenokarsinoma kolon. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 85 pasien; 44 pasien dengan non-adenokarsinoma dan 41 pasien dengan adenokarsinoma yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Mayoritas kasus ialah laki-laki 26 (63,4%), kelompok usia 46-60 tahun (16 pasien), ras Minahasa (40 pasien) dengan jenis histopatologi tipe adenokarsinoma diferensiasi sedang (13 pasien) dan lokasi tumor di rektum (11 pasien). Hematokezia merupakan keluhan utama yang paling sering ditemukan (20 pasien). Simpulan: Adenokarsinoma kolon lebih sering didapatkan pada jenis kelamin laki-laki, kelompok usia 46-60 tahun, ras Minahasa dengan jenis histopatologi adenokarsinoma diferensiasi sedang dan keluhan utama hematokezia.Keywords: adenokarsinoma kolon, kolonoskopi, patologi anatomi

scholarly journals Esophageal foreign bodies: Retrospective study in 203 cases

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Pudar ◽  
Ljiljana Vlaski
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rigid Esophagoscopy ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Esophageal Foreign Bodies ◽  
Group 1

Introduction A retrospective study of Rigid Esophagoscopy, with the suspect of foreign body, was performed in General Hospital Zrenjanin 'Djordje Joanovic', at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology during the period of 1988 - 2007. Results and discussion The result of 517 esophagoscopies performed in the above period was 203 (39.26%) foreign bodies, with the average of 7,8 annually per 100.000 inhabitants. The patients age ranged from 1 to 91 years, (X = 48.98). Considering the gender, there were 95 male patients (46,79%), and 108 female patients (53.21%). The highest number of foreign bodies was found in the patients from the age group 60-69, (43/22.15%). According to the structure type of foreign bodies the most frequent were bones of animal origin (86/42.36%), followed by meat bolus (67/33%), metal coins (23/11.33%), and bodies of vegetable origin (14/6.89%). Metal coins were most frequently found in the age group 1-9. In regard to the level at which a foreign body was found (described in 157 cases, (77.30%)), 94 (59.87%) were found at the pharyngoesophageal junction, 58 (36.94%) were found in middle constriction of oesophagus, and in the area of diaphragmatic constriction and cardia there were 5 (3.18%) cases. The efficiency of removing foreign bodies by rigid esophagoscopy in the above mentioned sample was 99.01% (201/203). In 2 cases (0.99%), due to the impaction of foreign body, the patients were referred to the higher referent tertiary unit institution. Conclusion Foreign bodies represent a constant casuistics in Zrenjanin Municipality, dominantly connected to work of an otorhinolaryngologist on duty. Rigid esophagoscopy is safe and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic method.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Stroke Patients with Vertigo in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Neurology Ward

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany Khansa ◽  
Aih Cahyani ◽  
Lisda Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Vertebrobasilar System ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Peripheral Vertigo

 Vertigo often occurs from the ages of 18 to 79 years with a prevalence of 7.4%. Central vertigo is less common than peripheral vertigo, but it can worsen disability in stroke patients. This study aims to determine the profile of stroke patients with vertigo in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Neurology Ward. This is a retrospective descriptive study, using medical record data from 2013 to 2017, and collected 173 medical record data. The results showed that most stroke patients with vertigo were women (59%), the most age group was 55-64 years (34.1%), the most common type of stroke was ischemic stroke (75.7%), the most disturbance regarding the vertebrobasilar system was (72.8%), the most patients got the first stroke was (52.6%), 60.7% of patients suffered from hypertension, 23.1% of patients suffered from hyperlipidemia 40 (23.1%), and 22% of patients suffered from diabetes mellitus type 2. This study concludes that stroke patients who experience vertigo are more common in women, and in the 55-64 year age group. The most common stroke is ischemic in the vertebrobasilar system. Most symptoms in stroke patients with vertigo are dizziness not affected by position, vomiting and nystagmus. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus play an important role in the incidence of stroke in patients.   Keywords: vertigo, risk factor, stroke, vertebrobasilar

scholarly journals Profil kandidosis intertriginosa di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari - Desember 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranita Vikani Gabriele Polii ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke ◽  
Marlyn G. Kapantow
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Precipitating Factor

Abstract:Intertriginous candidosis is a fungal infection of the skin caused by Candida, especially Candida albicans, in the skin fold areas. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of intertriginous candidosis at Dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January 2013 to December 2013. This was a descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of new and old patients diagnosed as intertriginous candidosis based on number of cases, age group, sex, occupation, location, precipitating factors, and type of treatment. The results showed that of the 4099 total patients there were 40 patients (0.98%) with intertriginous candidosis. It is most common in females (70%), aged 45-64 years (42.5%), worked as civilized employee (32.5%), location on the groin (32.43%), precipitating factor sweaty/damp environment (32.5%), and topical antifungal (65%).Keywords: intertriginous candidosis Abstrak: Kandidosis intertriginosa adalah infeksi jamur kulit yang disebabkan oleh jamur Candida, cenderung oleh spesies Candida albicans pada daerah-daerah lipatan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kandidosis intertriginosa di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2013 – Desember 2013. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien baru dan lama dengan diagnosis kandidosis intertriginosa yang berobat di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2013 – Desember 2013 berdasarkan jumlah kasus, kelompok usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, lokasi, faktor pencetus, dan jenis pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 40 pasien (0,98%) kandidosis intertriginosa dari keseluruhan total 4099 pasien. Persentase tertinggi ditemukan pada perempuan (70%), kelompok usia 45-64 tahun (42,5%), pekerjaan pasien PNS (32,5%), lokasi lipatan kulit pada lipat paha (32,43%), faktor pencetus berkeringat/lingkungan lembab (32,5%), dan terapi antifungi topikal (65%). Kata kunci: kandidosis intertriginosa

scholarly journals FAKTOR PREDISPOSISI IBU HAMIL DENGAN PRE EKLAMSI DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Is Susiloningtyas ◽  
Isna Hudaya
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Community Health Development

ABSTRAKMasa kehamilan kemungkinan dapat terjadi komplikasi. Komplikasi yang dapat muncul akibat langsung kehamilan salah satunya pre eklamsi/eklamsi. Berdasarkan Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012, Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) (yang berkaitan dengan kehamilan, persalinan, dan nifas) sebesar 359 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup.Sedangkan penyebab utama kematian ibu maternal adalah timbulnya perdarahan (28%), eklamsi (24%) dan infeksi (11%).Pada tahun 2000 dicanangkan Gerakan Nasional Kehamilan yang Aman atau Making Pregnancy Safer (MPS) sebagai bagian dari Strategi Pembangunan Kesehatan Masyarakat menuju Indonesia Sehat 2010, dimana salah satu targetnya adalah penurunan AKI yang penyabab utamanya eklamsi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik, tehnik pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah catatan rekam medik Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang dengan subyek penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang menderita pre eklampsia yaitu sebanyak 129. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari 129 data rekam medik,  ibu yang mengalami pre eklamsi banyak terjadi pada ibu kelompok usia 20-35 tahun sebanyak 88 (68%), ibu berumur > 35 tahun sebanyak 32  (25%) dan ibu berumur < 20 tahun sebanyak 9 orang (7%). Ibu yang mengalami pre eklamsi lebih banyak dialami pada primipara sebanyak 48 (37%), multipara sebanyak 46 (36%) dan grande multipara sebanyak 35 (27%). ibu yang mengalami pre eklamsi banyak terjadi pada ibu yang bekerja swasta sebanyak 64 (50%),ibu rumah tangga sebanyak 50 (38%) pegawai negeri sipil sebanyak 15 (12%).Kata kunci : Faktor Predisposisi, Pre eklamsi.PREDISPOSITION FACTORS OF PREGNANT MOTHER WITH PRE ECLAMPSIA IN HOSPITAL ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANGABSTRACTPregnancy period may occur complications. Complications that can arise due to direct pregnancy one of them pre eclampsia / eclampsia. Based on the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2012, Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) (relative to pregnancy, delivery and postpartum) is 359 per 100,000 live births. While the main causes of maternal maternal deaths were bleeding (28%), eclampsia (24%) and infection (11%). In 2000 the National Pregnancy Safer (MPS) was launched as part of the Community Health Development Strategy towards Healthy Indonesia 2010, where one of the targets is the decreasing of AKI which is the main cause of eclampsia. The type of this research is descriptive analytic, technique of taking data using secondary data. Instrument in this research is medical record of Islamic Hospital of Sultan Agung Semarang with research subject is all pregnant women suffering from pre eclampsia that is as much 129. The result of research from 129 medical record data, mother having pre eclampsy mostly happened to mother of age group 20-35 years old 88 (68%), mother> 35 years old as many as 32 (25%) and mother <20 years old as many as 9 people (7%). Mothers who experienced preeclampsia were more common in primipara (48%), multiparas (46%) and multiparas (35%). mothers with preeclampsia were more common in private mothers (64%), housewives (50%) (38%) of civil servants (15%).Keywords : Predisposing Factor, Pre eclampsia.

scholarly journals Profil Mortalitas Stroke Associated Pneumonia Tahun 2016-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Anna Mardiana Ritonga ◽  
Syahrizal Syarif ◽  
Lyna Soertidewi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Male Patients

Stroke associated pneumonia (SAP) is the most common complication after stroke and has a high mortality rate. SAP mortality profile among Neuro ICU patients has not been fully investigated. Knowledge of mortality profiles can help clinical decision making for patient management. The purpose of this study was to determine the mortality profile of SAP who were treated in the Neuro ICU National Brain Centre (NBC) Hospital. This was a retrospective cohort study of the patients were hospitalized in the Neuro ICU NBC Hospital, who were diagnosed with SAP during 2016-2017. Clinical and laboratory data and the patient's status during treatment are obtained from medical record data. A total of 197 stroke patients who were treated at the Neuro ICU NBC Hospital during 2016-2017, there were 130 (65.98%) patients diagnosed with SAP, with mortality during treatment of 77.7%. The highest SAP mortality was found in male patients (75%), in the age group ≥ 60 years (55.4%), GCS at admission ≤ 8 (88.3%), accompanied by hypertension (66.7%) and leukocytosis (74.8%). In bivariate analysis, the variables that were statistically significant (p <0.05) were hypertension, GCS, LoS, APACHE II score, and PMR.      

scholarly journals Pola Luka pada Korban Meninggal akibat Kekerasan Tumpul yang Diautopsi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Januari-Desember 2014

e-CliniC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zari Enma ◽  
Erwin Kristanto ◽  
James F. Siwu
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Medical Record Data ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Record Data

Abstract: This study was aimed to determine the injury patterns of victims died due to blunt violence and were autopsied at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January – December 2014. This was a descriptive and retrospective study using medical record data of Forensic and Medicolegal Department, Medical Faculty of Sam Ratulangi University/Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period from January 2014 to December 2014. The results showed that during that period there were 13 deaths due to blunt violence that met the criteria. There were twelve male and and one female victims. Further studies with longer periods of time involving other hospitals around Manado are needed.Keywords: patterns of wound, blunt trauma, dead victim Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola luka pada korban meninggal akibat kekerasan tumpul yang diautopsi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari – Desember 2014. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dan retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik Medikolegal FK Unsrat- RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Manado selama periode Januari 2014 sampai dengan Desember 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode tersebut terdapat 13 korban yang meninggal akibat kekerasan tumpul yang memenuhi kriteria. Terdapat 12 korban berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan satu korban berjenis kelamin perempuan. Disarankan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan periode pendlitian yang lebih panjang dengan melibatkan rumah sakit lainnya di sekitar Manado.Kata kunci: pola luka, trauma tumpul, korban mati

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