scholarly journals KECERNAAN MINERAL ESENSIAL NATRIUM DAN KALIUM ANAK KUDA PACU (YEARLING) INDONESIA YANG DIBERI PAKAN LOKAL DAN PAKAN IMPOR

ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Jurgen E.K. Tampanguma ◽  
Y.L.R. Tulung ◽  
A. Rumambi ◽  
W.B. Kaunang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Race Horses ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Feed Samples

ESSENTIAL SODIUM MINERAL DEMOCRACY (Na) AND POTASSIUM (K) CHILDREN OF PACU HORSE (YEARLING) INDONESIA THAT IS PROVIDED LOCAL FEED AND IMPORT FEED.This study aims to determine the ability of racehorses to digest feed both local and imported feed in Tonsewer and Kanonang villages for 30 days consisting of preparation and data collection. The data collected were the type and amount of feed (Sodium and Potassium) given to race horses and the amount of feces (animal/day), then 10 local feed samples and 10 imported feed samples were taken. The results showed that the average of sodium digestibility for local feed was 67.58% and imported feed was 71.03%, while Potassium digestibility for local feed was 62.26% and imported feed was 66.02%. The conclusion of this study was that the digestibility of imported Sodium and Potassium feeds is better compared to local feed.Keywords: Digestibility, Sodium, Potassium.

scholarly journals Changes in the Membrane Permeability of Frog's Sartorius Muscle Fibers in Ca-Free EDTA Solution

1963 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kimizuka ◽  
K. Koketsu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Frog Sartorius ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The changes in the membrane permeability to sodium, potassium, and chloride ions as well as the changes in the intracellular concentration of these ions were studied on frog sartorius muscles in Ca-free EDTA solution. It was found that the rate constants for potassium and chloride efflux became almost constant within 10 minutes in the absence of external calcium ions, that for potassium increasing to 1.5 to 2 times normal and that for chloride decreasing about one-half. The sodium influx in Ca-free EDTA solution, between 30 and 40 minutes, was about 4 times that in Ringer's solution. The intracellular sodium and potassium contents did not change appreciably but the intracellular chloride content had increased to about 4 times normal after 40 minutes. By applying the constant field theory to these results, it was concluded that (a) PCl did not change appreciably whereas PK decreased to a level that, in the interval between 10 and 40 minutes, was about one-half normal, (b) PNa increased until between 30 and 40 minutes it was about 8 times normal. The low value of the membrane potential between 30 and 40 minutes was explained in terms of the changes in the membrane permeability and the intracellular ion concentrations. The mechanism for membrane depolarization in this solution was briefly discussed.

Cardiovascular and renal effects of hypoxia in conscious carotid body-denervated rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 2795-2800 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Behm ◽  
H. Mewes ◽  
W. H. DeMuinck Keizer ◽  
T. Unger ◽  
R. Rettig
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Renal Responses ◽  
Arterial Po2 ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The contribution of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors to cardiovascular and renal responses to acute hypocapnic hypoxia is currently not well understood. We compared the effects of normobaric hypoxia on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), heart rate, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), and renal volume and electrolyte excretion in conscious unilaterally nephrectomized carotid body-denervated (n = 10) and sham-operated (n = 10) control rats. Thirty minutes of normobaric hypoxia (12.5% O2) resulted in significant reductions in arterial PO2 and PCO2 as well as decreases in MABP, GFR, RBF, and renal sodium, potassium, and water excretion. These effects occurred more rapidly and/or were significantly more pronounced in carotid body-denervated than in sham-operated rats. These data indicate that moderate acute hypocapnic hypoxia has profound effects on systemic and renal hemodynamics as well as on renal excretory function in conscious rats. We conclude that stimulation of the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors can partially offset the hypoxia-induced decreases in MABP, RBF, GFR, urine flow, and urinary sodium and potassium excretion, thereby helping to maintain cardiovascular as well as fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.

Effects of Synthetic Atrial Natriuretic Peptides on Sodium-Potassium Transport in Human Erythrocytes

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Sagnella ◽  
D. A. Nolan ◽  
A. C. Shore ◽  
G. A. MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Loop Diuretic ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Potassium Ion Transport ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natriuretic Effect ◽  
Cotransport System ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The effects of synthetic human and rat atrial peptides on sodium and potassium ion transport has been investigated in intact human erythrocytes. 2. The effects of these peptides have been tested on the active, sodium pump-dependent (ouabain-sensitive) and on the sodium-potassium cotransport system (bumetanide-sensitive) with 86Rb used as a tracer. 3. Human (α-ANP, 28 amino acids) or rat (atriopeptin III) atrial peptides, over a wide range of concentrations, did not influence the uptake of 86Rb in either the ouabain-sensitive or the bumetanide-sensitive transport system. 4. These results suggest that the natriuretic effect of the atrial peptides is not mediated through inhibition of the sodium pump or the loop-diuretic-sensitive Na-K cotransport.

Abstract P053: Sodium and Potassium Intake and Blood Pressure and Risk of Hypertension Among U.S. Adults - Results From NHANES 2003-2008

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zefeng Zhang ◽  
Mary Cogswell ◽  
Cathleen Gillespie ◽  
Jing Fang ◽  
Shifan Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Introduction: Evidence from randomized controlled trials demonstrates higher sodium and/or lower potassium intake increase blood pressure and the risk of hypertension. However, the relationship between sodium, potassium and blood pressure has not been examined using nationally representative sample and estimated usual intakes of these nutrients. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that usual sodium and potassium intake have opposing effects on blood pressure and a higher sodium-to-potassium ratio is associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Methods: We analyzed data on 12,854 participants aged 20 years and older from the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. We estimated the usual intakes of sodium and potassium from the diet accounting for measurement error. Mean blood pressure was calculated from up to three readings on each subject and hypertension included both diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the associations between intakes of sodium, potassium and their ratio with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and logistic regression for associations with hypertension. Results: The average estimated usual intakes of sodium and potassium were 3465 and 2741 mg/d, respectively. The average sodium-to-potassium ratio was 1.39; higher ratios were observed among males, younger and non-Hispanic black participants. After adjustment for potential confounders, usual intakes of sodium, potassium and their ratio were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, with an increase of 1.08 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30 – 1.86) and a decrease of 1.47 mmHg (95% CI: -2.31, -0.63) for every 1000 mg/d increase in sodium and potassium intake, respectively, and an increase of 2.80 mmHg (95% CI: 0.90 - 4.70) for every unit increase in sodium-to-potassium ratio. No association was found for diastolic blood pressure. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of usual sodium or potassium intakes were 1.63 (95% CI: 1.14 - 2.34) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.45 - 0.82), respectively, for risk of hypertension. For sodium-to-potassium ratio, the adjusted OR was 1.49 (95% CI: 1.17 - 1.89). The patterns of association were largely consistent across age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and education subgroups. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results indicated higher sodium and lower potassium intakes were associated with increased systolic blood pressure and risk for hypertension. The combined effect of sodium and potassium might play a central role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The results further confirm that reducing sodium and increasing potassium intakes concurrently may have important implications in the prevention of hypertension, and hence, of cardiovascular disease.

Constituents of Bull Seminal Plasma

1954 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-572
Author(s):  
LORD ROTHSCHILD ◽  
H. BARNES
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Total N ◽  
Electrometric Titration ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Total P

1. The concentrations of the main inorganic and certain organic constituents of bull seminal plasma have been examined. The average concentrations, in mg./100 ml., were: Sodium 258 Chloride 175 Potassium 172 Citrate 620 Calcium 37 Fructose 460 Magnesium 8 Total N 877 Iron 2 Total P 57 2. Sodium and potassium were found to be inversely correlated, r= -0.86, p<0.001. 3. Calcium, chloride, fructose, citrate and total nitrogen were also strongly correlated (p<0.001), in such a way that a knowledge of the concentration of any one of the constituents enabled the average concentration of the other four in the sample to be predicted with considerable accuracy. 4. Sodium, potassium and chloride were estimated by standard chemical methods and with the flame photometer (sodium and potassium) and by electrometric titration (chloride). The applicability of the alternative methods of estimation, which require very small quantities of seminal plasma, has been examined and is discussed. 5. The freezing-point depression, Δ, of bull seminal plasma was -0.533, standard error of mean, 0.005. 6. The Δ's of a number of laboratory and field diluents were also examined; with two exceptions they were found to vary markedly from Δ for bull seminal plasma.

Dietary Sodium, Potassium, and Sodium to Potassium Ratio in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2022 ◽  
pp. 109980042110654
Author(s):  
María Correa-Rodríguez ◽  
Sara DelOlmo-Romero ◽  
Gabriela Pocovi-Gerardino ◽  
José-Luis Callejas-Rubio ◽  
Raquel Ríos-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Complement C4 ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and sodium:potassium ratio and clinical disease activity parameters, damage accrual, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a population of patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Research design and study sample: A cross-sectional study including a total of 280 patients was conducted (90.4% females; mean age 46.9 ± 12.85 years). Data collection: The SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) and the SDI Damage Index were used to assess disease activity and disease-related damage, respectively. A 24-hour diet recall was used to estimate dietary intake of sodium and potassium. Results: Dietary sodium intake was significantly associated with anti-dsDNA ( β  =  −.005; 95% CI [.002 .008]; p = .001) and complement C4 level ( β  =  −.002; 95% CI [−.003, .000]; p = .039). Dietary potassium intake was also significantly associated with complement C3 level ( β  =  −.004; 95% CI [−.007, −.001]; p = .021). Multiple logistic regression models revealed a positive association between dietary sodium intake and the risk of having hsCRP > 3 ( p = .005) and an inverse association between dietary potassium intake and the risk of having hsCRP > 3 ( p = .004). Conclusions: SLE patients with higher dietary sodium and lower dietary potassium intakes had an increased risk of higher hsCRP. Dietary sodium intake was significantly associated with anti-dsDNA and complement C4 level, while dietary potassium intake was associated with complement C3 level, supporting that dietary sodium and potassium intakes might play a key role in markers related to disease activity in SLE patients.

Bone resorption and mineral excretion in rats during spaceflight

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (3) ◽  
pp. R327-R331 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Cann ◽  
R. R. Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Total Body Calcium ◽  
Mineral Excretion ◽  
Synchronous Control ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Bone resorption was measured directly in flight and synchronous control rats during COSMOS 1129. Continuous tracer administration techniques were used, with replacement of dietary calcium with isotopically enriched 40Ca and measurement by neutron activation analysis of the 48Ca released by the skeleton. There is no large change in bone resorption in rats at the end of 20 days of spaceflight as has been found for bone formation. Based on the time course of changes, the measured 20–25% decrease in resorption is probably secondary to a decrease in total body calcium turnover. The excretion of sodium, potassium, and zinc all increase during flight, sodium and potassium to a level four to five times control values.

PERIPHERAL CONCENTRATIONS OF PROGESTERONE, CORTISOL, ALDOSTERONE, SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IN THE PLASMA OF THE TADMIT EWE DURING PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOUISA BOULFEKHAR ◽  
ROGER BRUDIEUX
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The peripheral blood concentrations of progesterone, cortisol, aldosterone and electrolytes were measured simultaneously in 16 multiparous ewes of the Tadmit Algerian breed during pregnancy and parturition. Plasma progesterone concentrations were similar to those of the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle during the first third of gestation. Between 60 and 135 days after mating, the levels of plasma progesterone increased steadily to values eight times those found in early pregnancy. However, no change was observed from days 43 to 28 before parturition. Mean progesterone concentrations declined during the 17 days preceding lambing, decreasing more quickly during the last 3 days. Pregnancy did not increase the levels of plasma cortisol and the mean values during pregnancy did not exceed 0·5 μg/100 ml until 90 days after mating. It then tended to decrease between days 57 and 17 before parturition, before rising slightly on both day 7 and on the day of lambing. Concentrations of plasma aldosterone were low during early pregnancy (about 2 ng/100 ml). Thereafter, as with progesterone, they rose from days 58 to 43, did not change from days 43 to 28 and increased again until maximum levels were reached 17 days prepartum and then levels decreased sharply until 7 days before lambing. At this stage, progesterone levels continued to decrease during the last 7 days while aldosterone concentrations once more increased. Sodium and potassium concentrations changed little during pregnancy, although the sodium: potassium ratio tended to increase during the last 17 days of pregnancy. It is suggested that changes in the levels of plasma aldosterone during gestation in the ewe are the result of the competitive inhibition of aldosterone by progesterone at a renal level and that the rise of aldosterone during the last few days of pregnancy is largely due to the stimulation of renin substrate production by oestrogens whose values are high at this period.

Biological variation in analyte concentrations in urine of apparently healthy men and women.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Gowans ◽  
C G Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Urine Creatinine ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Analytical, intra-individual, and interindividual components of variation for sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine, calcium, and phosphate were estimated from results for 24-h urine specimens collected from 15 apparently healthy individuals every four weeks for 40 weeks. Expressed as output, mean values differed for men and women, except for calcium. Our data on intra-individual variation were similar to those obtained for 10 men by Shephard et al. (Clin Chem 1981;27:569-73). Calculated analytical goals are easily attained by current methods. Reference values for urine creatinine are useful only when expressed as output and stratified according to gender. The ratios of intra- to interindividual variation generally increase on such stratification; separate reference values for men and women are therefore required for analytes expressed as output. Measurements of sodium and potassium in urine should be reported as concentration, but output terms are favored for the other analytes. Differences for two serial results from an individual must be rather large to differ statistically.

scholarly journals Sodium and potassium intakes in a representative population sample: estimation from 24 h urine collections known to be complete in a Cambridgeshire village

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. R. Williams ◽  
Sheila A. Bingham
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Check Test ◽  
Oral Doses ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. A representative sample of eighty men aged 25–44 years from a Cambridgeshire village, each carried out one 24-h urine collection which was analysed for sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea content. The completeness of the collections was verified using oral doses of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA; the PABA check test).2. In the seventy-one collections shown to be complete, the average 24 h excretion of Na was 172 mmol and the average 24 h excretion of K was 74 mmol.3. Fifty-one of these men's wives also made complete 24 h collections. The average content of these was 128 mmol Na and 61 mmol K.4. Self reports and creatinine index would have identified as incomplete only 29 and 14% respectively of collections so judged by PABA.5. Average excretion of 150 mmol Na/d was similar to estimated intakes of 140–167 mmol/d from the National Food Survey (Bull & Buss, 1980).

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