scholarly journals Risk factors of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease and «OVERLAP» syndrome asthma-COPD among adults in Ekaterinburg

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
V C Abdullaev ◽  
E K Beltyukov ◽  
V V Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over 40 Years

Topicality. Prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) and COPD achieves in different countries 18 and 20% respectively. The prevalence of «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD in Russia is unknown. Objective. To determine the prevalence ofBA, COPD and «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD. Materials and methods. The study included a survey using a specially developed questionnaire to identify asthma-like symptoms (ALS), risk factors for BA, COPD, and the definition of FEV^ FEV^FVC in adults in Ekaterinburg. Results. The study has revealed that the risk factors for developing ALS are exposure to tobacco smoke and age over 40 years. The impact of allergens and family history of allergy are less significant. Decrease of spirometry indices is associated with smoking, age over 40 years and the presence of ALS. The diagnostic criteria for the «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD were developed based on the answers to the questionnaire on ALS, risk factors and the results of the screening spirometry. Conclusions. Preliminary prevalence ofBA, COPD, «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD and actual risk factors have been established in Ekaterinburg in 2018. Unfavorable situation with prevalence of smoking in Ekaterinburg has been showing.

scholarly journals Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease in young: Alpha 1 anti trypsin deficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
S.S. Dhakal ◽  
K.K. Agrawaal ◽  
N.K. Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a clinically under recognized inherited disorder. The main clinical manifestations relate to three separate organs: the lung, the liver, and the skin. In the lung, severe deficiency of AAT predisposes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We present a case of 34 years male with a history of recurrent chest infections in past and treated in the line of bronchial asthma but not relieved. He was admitted on 22nd May 2011 at BPKIHS. He presented with type 2 respiratory failure and had features of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and left lower lobe pneumonia. The patient got improved with the treatment and is doing well on follow up. The diagnosis should be strongly suspected in patients with history suggestive of bronchial asthma and with obstructive features.Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2014;3(2):65-67

scholarly journals The Risk Factors and the Impact of Hernia Development on Technique Survival in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Feng Yang ◽  
Chia-Jen Liu ◽  
Wu-Chang Yang ◽  
Chao-Fu Chang ◽  
Chih-Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Hernia Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThere is a lack of consensus on the risk factors for hernia formation, and the impact on peritoneal dialysis (PD) survival has seldom been studied.MethodsThis was a population-based study and all collected data were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Patients who commenced PD between January 1998 and December 2006 were screened for inclusion. Multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the predictors for hernia formation and determine the predictors of PD withdrawal.ResultsA total of 6,928 PD patients were enrolled and followed until December 2009, with 631 hernia events and 391 hernioplasties being registered in 530 patients (7.7%). The incidence rate was 0.04 hernias/patient/year. Longer PD duration (per 1 month increase, hazard ratio (HR) 1.019) and history of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) (HR 1.584) were independent risk factors for hernia formation during PD, and female gender (HR 0.617) was a protective factor. On the other hand, there were 4,468 PD withdrawals, with cumulative incidence rates of 41% at 1 year, 66% at 3 years, and 82% at 5 years. Independent determinants for cumulative PD withdrawal included hernia formation during PD (HR 1.154), age (per 1 year increase, HR 1.014), larger dialysate volume (per 1 liter increase, HR 0.496), female gender (HR 0.763), heart failure (HR 1.092), hypertension (HR 1.207), myocardial infarction (HR 1.292), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (HR 1.227), cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (HR 1.364), and history of MVP (HR 0.712)ConclusionsProlonged PD duration was a risk factor for hernia formation, and female gender was protective. Hernia formation during PD therapy may increase the risk of PD withdrawal.

Blood eosinophil counts and the development of obstructive lung disease: the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 2003823
Author(s):  
Hye Yun Park ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Danbee Kang ◽  
Yun Soo Hong ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

The impact of blood eosinophil counts on the development of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is unknown. We investigated whether a higher blood eosinophil counts was associated with the risk of developing obstructive lung disease (OLD) in a large cohort of men and women free lung disease at baseline.Cohort study of 359 456 Korean adults without a history of asthma and without OLD at baseline who participated in health screening exams including spirometry. OLD was defined as pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1<80% predicted.After a median follow-up of 5.6 years (interquartile range, 2.9–9.2), 5008 participants developed incident OLD (incidence rate, 2.1 per 1000 person-years; 95% CI, 2.1–2.2). In the fully-adjusted model, the HR (95% CI) for incident OLD comparing eosinophil counts of 100–<200, 200–<300, 300–<500 and ≥500 cells·μL−1 to <100 cells·μL−1 were 1.07 (1.00–1.15), 1.30 (1.20–1.42), 1.46 (1.33–1.60) and 1.72 (1.51–1.95) (p for trend <0.001). These associations were consistent in clinically relevant subgroups, including never, former, and current smokers.In this large longitudinal cohort study, blood eosinophil counts were positively associated with the risk of developing of OLD. Our findings indicate a potential role of eosinophil count as an independent risk factor for developing COPD.

Stress, Cortisol and Suicide Risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
The Impact

Suicide is a global health issue accounting for at least 800,000 deaths per annum. Numerous models have been proposed that differ in their emphasis on the role of psychological, social, psychiatric and neurobiological factors in explaining suicide risk. Central to many models is a stress-diathesis component which states that suicidal behavior is the result of an interaction between acutely stressful events and a susceptibility to suicidal behavior (a diathesis). This article presents an overview of studies that demonstrate that stress and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, are important additional risk factors for suicide. Evidence for other putative stress-related suicide risk factors including childhood trauma, impaired executive function, impulsivity and disrupted sleep are considered together with the impact of family history of suicide, perinatal and epigenetic influences on suicide risk.

scholarly journals Predicting COVID-19 mortality with electronic medical records

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Estiri ◽  
Zachary H. Strasser ◽  
Jeffy G. Klann ◽  
Pourandokht Naseri ◽  
Kavishwar B. Wagholikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis study aims to predict death after COVID-19 using only the past medical information routinely collected in electronic health records (EHRs) and to understand the differences in risk factors across age groups. Combining computational methods and clinical expertise, we curated clusters that represent 46 clinical conditions as potential risk factors for death after a COVID-19 infection. We trained age-stratified generalized linear models (GLMs) with component-wise gradient boosting to predict the probability of death based on what we know from the patients before they contracted the virus. Despite only relying on previously documented demographics and comorbidities, our models demonstrated similar performance to other prognostic models that require an assortment of symptoms, laboratory values, and images at the time of diagnosis or during the course of the illness. In general, we found age as the most important predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients. A history of pneumonia, which is rarely asked in typical epidemiology studies, was one of the most important risk factors for predicting COVID-19 mortality. A history of diabetes with complications and cancer (breast and prostate) were notable risk factors for patients between the ages of 45 and 65 years. In patients aged 65–85 years, diseases that affect the pulmonary system, including interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and a smoking history, were important for predicting mortality. The ability to compute precise individual-level risk scores exclusively based on the EHR is crucial for effectively allocating and distributing resources, such as prioritizing vaccination among the general population.

scholarly journals High prevalence of undiagnosed COPD among patients evaluated for suspected myocardial ischaemia

Open Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e000848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Jönsson ◽  
Artur Fedorowski ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Per Wollmer ◽  
Viktor Hamrefors
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Global Initiative

ObjectiveChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Despite the well-known comorbidity between COPD and CAD, the presence of COPD may be overlooked in patients undergoing coronary evaluation. We aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed COPD among outpatients evaluated due to suspected myocardial ischemia.MethodsAmong 500 outpatients who were referred to myocardial perfusion imaging due to suspected stable myocardial ischaemia, 433 patients performed spirometry. Of these, a total of 400 subjects (age 66 years; 45% women) had no previous COPD diagnosis and were included in the current study. We compared the prevalence of previously undiagnosed COPD according to spirometry criteria from The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) or lower limit of normal (LLN) and reversible myocardial ischaemia according to symptoms and clinical factors.ResultsA total of 134 (GOLD criteria; 33.5 %) or 46 patients (LLN criteria; 11.5%) had previously undiagnosed COPD, whereas 55 patients (13.8 %) had reversible myocardial ischaemia. The presenting symptoms (chest discomfort, dyspnoea) did not differ between COPD, myocardial ischaemia and normal findings. Except for smoking, no clinical factors were consistently associated with previously undiagnosed COPD.ConclusionsAmong middle-aged outpatients evaluated due to suspected myocardial ischaemia, previously undiagnosed COPD is at least as common as reversible myocardial ischaemia and the presenting symptoms do not differentiate between these entities. Patients going through a coronary ischaemia evaluation should be additionally tested for COPD, especially if there is a positive history of smoking.

scholarly journals Risk for Cardiovascular Disease and One-Year Mortality in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Overlap Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyun Tang ◽  
Yidan Wang ◽  
Mengjie Wang ◽  
Rui Tong ◽  
Tao Shi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) overlap syndrome (OS) are thought to be at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.Objective: To evaluate the burden of cardiovascular diseases and long-term outcomes in patients with OS.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and 1-year mortality were compared among patients diagnosed with OS (OS group), COPD alone (COPD group) and OSAS alone (OSAS group), and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess independent risk factors for all-cause mortality.Results: Overall, patients with OS were at higher risk for pulmonary hypertension (PH), heart failure and all-cause mortality than patients with COPD or OSAS (all p &lt; 0.05). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.273 (1.050–1.543); p = 0.014], hypertension [aHR: 2.006 (1.005–4.004); p = 0.048], pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) [aHR: 4.774 (1.335–17.079); p = 0.016] and heart failure [aHR: 3.067 (1.521–6.185); p = 0.002] were found to be independent risk factors for 1-year all-cause mortality.Conclusion: Patients with OS had an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and 1-year mortality. More efforts are needed to identify the causal relationship between OS and cardiovascular diseases, promoting risk stratification and the management of these patients.

scholarly journals Impact Prognostic of Delayed Reperfusion Time in Patients With Stemi of ≤24 Hours Treated in the Emergency Department of a General Hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Socias ◽  
Guillem Frontera ◽  
Catalina Rubert ◽  
Joan Torres ◽  
Tomas Ripoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Reperfusion Therapy ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Primary Angioplasty ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Killip Class ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. The patients who attend a hospital without a hemodynamic laboratory may have differences in health outcomes, treatment, reperfusion times, the rate of cardiovascular complications, hospital stay, mortality or costs may be affected. The study aimed to analyze the prognostic of patients with STEMI treated in the Emergency Department (ED) and the impact prognostic of the delayed reperfusion time in a Hospital General without hemodynamic laboratory. Methods. After ethics review board approval, this retrospective observational cohort study of patients included acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation of ≤ 24 h in the Illes Balears infarction code registry (CI-IB) between May 2008 and December 2018. The information recorded were age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, site of AMI, time delays, reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and primary angioplasty (PA). Cardiovascular Event (CE) was defined the combined variable: Killip class progression, malignant arrhythmias, Re-infarction, cerebrovascular disease and mortality. Results.605 patients were analyzed. The reperfusion treatment was 83,1% (80,8% with PA). 19% presented some CE. Hospital and monthly mortality was 6.8% and 7.8% respectively. The main differences between patients with and without CE were: age (66 vs 59 years); Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); previous infarction; anterior location; Door-To-Needle Time and FPC-PA time. The risk factors of CE were: age, COPD, anterior location, fibrinolysis and patients without reperfusion treatment. In the group with PA, the risk of mortality was higher in COPD (p=0.012), Symptom start –FPC time with (p = 0,084) and FPC-PA time > 90 minutes (p= 0.107). FCM-AP> 90 minutes had a higher mortality (10 vs 4.4%;HR 1,79; IC 95% 1,15-2,78; log-rank:p=0,013)Conclussions. In our cohort, most patients received reperfusion treatment and were performed within the recommended time. In ED, the pacients with a FCM-PA time longer than recommended in the guidelines and COPD had higher CE y mortality.

scholarly journals Risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus and impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and fetal health during the antenatal period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Jain ◽  
Kusumlata Singhal ◽  
Shikha Jain ◽  
Deepali Jain
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Antenatal Period ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of dysglycaemia that occurs for the first time or is first detected during pregnancy. The adverse effects of GDM on pregnant women are pre-eclampsia, PIH, PPH, polyhydramanios, PROM, meanwhile, there would be an increase in dystocia, birth injury, and cesarean sectionMethods: This retrospective study was conducted in a Gynecology clinic in District Shivpuri to find out the various risk factors for GDM and to evaluate the impact of GDM on maternal and fetal health during the antenatal period. 84 patients who were diagnosed with GDM were included in the study. Results: Among risk factors; BMI >25 kg/m2 before pregnancy was found in 15.47% of the case, family history of diabetes mellitus 8.33%, Previous history of macrosomia 17.85%, Poor reproductive history 17.85%, baby with congenital malformation 8.33%, H/o unexplained IUFD 11.90%. H/o polyhydramnios 15.47%. History of PCOS 13.09% and preeclampsia was found in 17.85% of cases. In antenatal complications; miscarriages was found in 15.47%. polyhydramnios in 17.85%. Oligohydramnios in 8.33%, preterm labor in 11.90%, PROM in 9.52%, pre-eclampsia in 17.85%, sudden IUFD in 8.33% and congenital malformation was found in 4.76% of cases. On USG; IUGR was found in 7.14% of cases. Large for date fetus in 16.66% of cases and the normal growth was found in 76.19% of cases.Conclusions- In conclusion appropriate and timely diagnosis and treatment of GDM will result in decreased maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes comparable to general population rates, therefore, early diagnosis is important.

CLINICAL PROFILE OF ASTHMA IN MALE SMOKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Pankaj Singh ◽  
Ashish Tyagi ◽  
Nalin Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Past History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reversible Airway Obstruction ◽  
History Of

Introduction: st Asthma is traditionally dened as a functional abnormality with reversibility in forced expiratory volume in 1 second of more than 15% as opposed to irreversible or xed airway limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).This study aims to the assess the clinical symptoms, physical ndings and laboratory results in smoker patients reporting with symptoms suggestive of bronchial asthma . Material and method: This study was conducted in department of Respiratory Medicine of National institute of Medical sciences and research, Jaipur on 50 outdoor male smokers presented with respiratory complaints during period of September 2020 to May 2021. Result: 100 patients enrolled in this study. And 50 patients were diagnosed as bronchial asthma on the basis of steroid trial. Mean age of patients in our study is 48.00+10.41. Shortness of breath (48%) was the commonest complaint followed by cough(24%), expectoration (20%) and last was chest pain (8%). There were more current smokers (48%) followed by ex smokers (32%0 and least were reformed (20%).The most common symptoms in past history of patient was seasonal variation (96%) followed by eye itching (32%), chest tightness (60%), sneezing (56%), dust allergy(32%), non respiratory allergy and wheeze (24%) and last was positive family history of asthma or allergy. Past history showed different variation in which any one symptoms was present in 100% of patients, followed by 2 symptoms (95%), 3 symptoms (84%) and 4 symptoms (52%). Conclusion: This study concludes that presence of any two of the above described past symptoms or variables suggestive of asthma in past are diagnostic of asthma in smoker patients even in the presence of irreversible or partially reversible airway obstruction

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