scholarly journals Pervasive developmental disorders with a complex structure (epileptic seizures, catatonic, hallucinatory and manic symptoms, delirious episodes during life).

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Igor Martsenkovskyi ◽  
Inna Martsenkovska ◽  
Iryna Zdoryk ◽  
Hanna Makarenko ◽  
Olga Skrynnyk
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathy ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Poor Tolerance ◽  
Muscle Hypotonia

Observation of two patients with Phelan-McDermid syndrome (22q13.3 microdeletions of the SHANK3 gene) within 10—12 years allowed us to describe the clinical pathomorphism of psychotic episodes with violation of consciousness and catatonic symptoms in adolescence with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The described phenotypes were characterized by intellectual disability, general speech underdevelopment, muscle hypotonia and developmental dyspraxia. Their causal relationships with epileptic encephalopathy, schizophrenia, bipolar and hyperkinetic disorders have been analyzed. The therapeutic efficacy of combination therapy with aripiprazole and benzodiazepines (clonazepam/diazepam) allowed qualifying psychotic episodes as pediatric delirium. The significant clinical efficacy of lithium and lamotrigine in the described patients was consistent with the hypothesis that microdeletion of the SHANK3 gene may be associated with bipolar disorder. Treatment of acute psychotic disorders with lithium salt was effective in both patients but had limitations due to poor tolerance in the long-term use. The combination of lithium and lamotrigine may be recommended for the treatment of polymorbid mental disorders in patients with SHANK3 encephalopathies. If lithium salts are poorly tolerated, a combination of lamotrigine and aripiprazole may be used.

scholarly journals Psychotic spectrum disorders in childhood

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 555-558
Author(s):  
Smiljka Popovic-Deusic ◽  
Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic ◽  
Saveta Draganic-Gajic ◽  
Olivera Aleksic-Hil ◽  
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Early Infantile Autism ◽  
The Right

For a long time, there was a strong belief of existing continuity between childhood-onset psychoses and adult psychoses. Important moment in understanding psychotic presentations during infancy and childhood is Kanner's description of early infantile autism. Later studies of Rutter and Kolvin, as well as new classification systems, have delineated pervasive developmental disorders from all other psychotic disorders in childhood. But clinical experience is showing that in spite of existence of the group of pervasive developmental disorders with subgroups within it and necessary diagnostic criteria there are children with pervasive symptoms, who are not fulfilling all necessary diagnostic criteria for pervasive developmental disorder. Therefore, in this paper we are discussing and pointing at psychotic spectrum presentations in children, which have not the right place in any existing classification system (ICD-10, DSM-IV).

scholarly journals Predictors of Quality of Life Among an International Sample of Mothers of Children 12 and Under With Corpus Callosum Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Henninger ◽  
Donna M. L. Heretick
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Double Abcx Model ◽  
Double Abcx ◽  
Abcx Model

Previous research supports application of the Double ABCX model of family adaptation of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and other pervasive developmental disorders. This is the first study to consider processes of adaptation among parents of children with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, an international sample of 266 mothers of children, aged 12 or under, with ACC completed an online survey. Parental reports of stress, resources, coping, and sense of coherence were evaluated as predictors of four subdimensions of parental quality of life for 178 mothers. In general, findings support the Double ABCX model as a viable approach to understanding processes that are related to quality of life among this group of mothers.

Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Pediatric Psychiatric Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise B. Robinson ◽  
Benjamin M. Neale ◽  
Mark J. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Definition Of

Pediatric psychiatric conditions are rising in estimated prevalence, and these disorders place an enormous burden on parents, educators, and the health care system. This rise in prevalence likely contains elements of diagnostic changes, greater awareness of these disorders, and true changes in incidence. It has been estimated that there is nearly a 50% lifetime childhood prevalence of one or more mood, anxiety, or behavioral disorders (excluding eating and substance abuse disorders) and that more than 20% of children meet the definition of severe impairment. This chapter focuses on epidemiology, heritability, and implied genetic architecture in representative pediatric neuropsychiatric conditions. We consider five major diagnostic categories and highlight major diagnosis within each, specifically, intellectual disability, pervasive developmental disorders (autism spectrum disorder [ASD]), hyperactive and inattentive behavior (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and tic disorders (TD) (which includes Tourette Syndrome [TS] and other chronic tic disorders).

scholarly journals Current Approaches to Differential Diagnostics of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Similar Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Elena A. Chereneva ◽  
Irina Ya. Stoyanova ◽  
Olga L. Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Stereotyped Behavior ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Autism spectrum disorders ASD is a group of pervasive developmental disorders, manifested mainly through the lack of ability to social interaction, communication disruption and stereotyped behavior. Despite of generally recognized practical and theoretical significance of studying the mechanisms of formation, it still has got little attention. The article represents some approaches to differential diagnosis of autism and similar conditions. The authors make an attempt to find out the main reasons for such sharp increase in the number of patients suffering from this disease. The article aims analysis of existing research and contains the results of complex diagnostics and the mechanisms of disorders formation. In solving the problem of ASD formation mechanisms, clinical data, medical history data, genetic confounding factors and course of prenatal, natal and postnatal periods are used. In their findings, the authors develop the technology for ASD and similar conditions differential diagnostics; diagnostic markers and algorithm for the development of psychological and pedagogical treatment programs are suggested

scholarly journals Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Are These Disorders One and the Same?

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Tateno ◽  
Saya Kikuchi ◽  
Kumi Uehara ◽  
Kyoko Fukita ◽  
Naoki Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Cure of Autistic Disorders: Mission Impossible is Possible in an Illustrated Pioneering Experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Autistic Disorders

Background: Autistic disorders have become increasingly known as pervasive developmental disorders since the 1980s. They have been recently called autism spectrum disorder mostly by the American Psychiatric Association. They include five chronic disorders marked by early impairment in socialization, communication, and behavior. There is no curative therapy or therapies for autistic disorders, and they continue to be regarded as life long disorders. The aim of this paper is to describe our extensive experiences with treatment of autistic disorders with emphasis on the possibility of curing these disorders with a new therapeutic approach. Marked improvement or disappearance of autistic features in these disorders has not been reported with any therapy before.

Handling the Psychological Distress of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders:

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Indiramma V ◽  
Seema P Uthaman ◽  
Shoba Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders are pervasive developmental disorders affecting many children today. Parenting a child with special needs, such as children with autism, is very taxing, as they need intensive and life-long intervention in diverse areas. This paper is an attempt to assess the need of those parents of children with autism and to develop an intervention programme to take care of the psychosocial issues. The study had two phases. In the first phase 120 parents of children with autism spectrum disorders were interviewed using a semi structured interview schedule and GHQ 28. In the second phase,   an intervention module was prepared and implemented with 20 parents. The results show that the mean psychological distress was significantly higher for mothers compared to fathers. The scores on subscales show that mothers have higher level of somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression compared to fathers. The pre and post analysis of the group intervention shows that there is a drop in the level of distress and increase in the awareness on child’s illness in parents after the group intervention. The findings show that addressing parental needs in a group setting can be very effective and beneficial in helping parents reduce their distress levels and hence making them better equipped to look after their child with a disability like autism. Keywords: Autism, parent intervention module, psychological distress, group work

scholarly journals 197 Guanfacine and Impulsivity – Review of Literature

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-111
Author(s):  
William Donovan Vargas ◽  
Nevena V. Radonjic
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Adrenergic Drug ◽  
Motor Tics ◽  
A Site ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractPrefrontal cortex (PFC) represents one of the most evolved regions of primate brain that is thought to regulate human specific features such as cognition, emotion and behavior (Arnsten and Jin, 2012). PFC is a site of action of guanfacine, an agonist of alpha 2 adrenergic receptors. Compared to clonidine, another alpha adrenergic drug, guanfacine is more selective for α2A adrenergic receptor subtype (van Zwieten et al., 1994; Uhlen at al., 1995) and is weaker in producing hypotension andsedation (Jurado at al., 1998) resulting in better tolerability of the medication. Studies have shown that endogenous noradrenergic stimulation of alpha2A receptors is essential for PFC regulation of behavior, thought and emotion as blockade ofα2A receptors in the monkey dorsolateral PFC significantly impairs working memory (Li and Mei, 1994) and behavioral inhibition (Ma et al., 2003; Ma et al., 2003). So far FDA has approved guanfacine in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children but the medication is used off label for treatment of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, motor tics and Tourette’s syndrome as well. Impulsivity as used in clinical terms is very broadly defined and encompasses personality traits as well as cognitive functions such as emotion regulation and behavioral inhibition. Numerous studies have shown effectiveness of extended release guanfacine in reducing impulsiveness in children with ADHD and recently in autism spectrum disorder (Scahill et al., 2015), however limited data is available on use of guanfacine in treatment of impulse control and aggression in adults.Funding AcknowledgementsNo funding.

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